聚砜类分离膜材料及其改性研究进展

讨论了一些常用的聚砜类分离膜材料的结构与性能,从共混、共聚和表面接枝改性等方面对聚砜类膜材料的改性进行了详细的阐述,对聚砜类膜材料的研究与应用前景进行了展望。     

溶剂的性质对聚砜／磺化聚砜合金膜性能的影响

介绍了溶剂的性质对聚砜 /磺化聚砜 (PSF/SPSF)合金分离膜膜性能的影响     

聚砜类燃料电池质子交换膜研究进展

介绍了质子交换膜的分类，综述了主链型聚砜质子交换膜、侧链型聚砜质子交换膜、无机掺杂复合型聚砜质子交换膜等聚砜类燃料电池质子交换膜的最新研究进展，全面阐述了磺化聚砜的形貌、结构对材料物理化学性能的影响，并展望了聚砜类燃料电池质子交换膜的发展前景。     

磺化聚三氟苯乙烯对不同溶剂体系制备聚砜超滤膜结构及性能影响研究

本文以聚砜(PSF)为膜材料，磺化聚三氟苯乙烯(SPTFS)为改性剂，采用不同溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)制备了改性聚砜膜。采用扫描电镜、接触角测量仪、孔径分析仪和死端过滤系统研究SPTFS和溶剂对膜结构和性能的影响。研究表明，SPTFS的引入能够改变膜结构，SPTFS改性膜由纯聚砜膜的指状孔结构转变为胞腔状孔或海绵状孔结构。同时，SPTFS能够改善聚砜膜的渗透性能，以DMAc、DMF、NMP为溶剂改性的聚砜膜水通量分别提升了618.7、127.5、194.0 L/(m²·h),同时蛋白质截留率均高于97%,显示出优异的分离性能。     

聚砜膜研究进展

聚砜类膜有着突出的分离性能,近年来被广泛应用于膜分离工程。本文从膜制备方法、沉浸凝胶法成膜条件、隔膜改性应用三方面阐述了聚砜类分离膜的国内外最新研究进展,并对聚砜类分离膜的前景做了展望。     

磺化聚砜反渗透膜的初步研究

中等磺化度的磺化聚砜是制作反渗透膜的适宜材料。我们以二氧六圜、丙酮、水混合溶剂体系为对象,研究了不同膜液的组成和不同制膜条件对膜性能的影响,以期找到较佳膜液组成的配比和制膜条件,并对磺化聚砜膜的耐酸碱性作出初步评价。     

壳聚糖/聚砜复合中空纤维膜的制备及其CO2/N2分离性能研究

以壳聚糖(CS)为涂层材料,聚砜(PSf)为基膜材料,运用浸渍涂覆的方式制备了壳聚糖/聚砜复合中空纤维膜,考察了壳聚糖质量分数、涂覆时间以及操作温度和压力对CO2、N2的渗透分离性能的影响。结果显示,在聚砜基膜上涂覆壳聚糖材料后,可有效提高CO2/N2分离系数;CO2、N2的渗透速率符合Arrhenius关系式;CO2在复合中空纤维膜中的渗透由溶解-扩散和促进传递两方面主导,而N2的渗透符合溶解-扩散模型。     

处理石化废水超滤膜制备过程中膜材料的筛选

采用浸没沉淀相转化法制备不同聚合物材料包括聚砜类中的L-PSF、B-PSF、B-PPSU、W-PSE、D-PPESK和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)类中的B-PVDF、S-PVDF的超滤平板膜,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、自制四通道膜分离性能平行测试装置、压汞仪、接触角测量仪等对所制备膜的形貌结构以及分离性能、亲疏水性能等进行考察,初步筛选出B-PSF和S-PVDF这2种材料,制成的超滤膜用于石化废水处理实验。结果表明,稳定运行期间S-PVDF膜产水浊度为0.1~0.8 NTU、稳定通量56.2~68.5 L/(m~2·h),渗透性能及对浊度处理效果较好,可作为处理该石化废水的超滤膜制备材料。     

高性能纳滤膜的制备及性能研究

本文以磺化聚醚砜（SPES）为涂层材料,以聚砜（PSF）超滤膜为支撑层,采用涂覆法制备SPES/PSF纳滤脱色膜,研究了有机溶剂,无机、有机添加剂等因素对纳滤脱色膜性能的影响,并通过SEM表征纳滤脱色膜的表面和断面形貌。结果表明,SPES/PSF纳滤脱色膜对甲基蓝的截留率可以达到90%以上,硫酸钠的截留率低于20%,水通量可以达到70 L/（m2·h）以上,实现了低分子染料和无机盐高选择性分离。     

燃料电池用质子交换膜材料的磺化改性研究

综述了燃料电池用质子交换膜材料在开发应用中的主要改性方法--磺化法的研究进展.重点介绍了聚合物的直接磺化法和磺化单体的共聚合法,并对这两种磺化方法做了较为详细的比较,讨论了两种方法制得的改性膜材料的结构和性能,同时对其在质子交换膜膜材料探索研究中的应用提出了展望.     

Cellulose acetate and sulfonated polysulfone blend ultrafiltration membranes. I. Preparation and characterization

Modification of polymeric membrane materials by incorporation of hydrophilicity results in membranes with low fouling behavior and high flux. Hence, Polysulfone was functionalized by sulfonation and ultrafiltration membranes were prepared based on sulfonated polysulfone and cellulose acetate in various blend compositions. Polyethyleneglycol 600 was employed as a nonsolvent additive in various concentrations to the casting solution to improve the ultrafiltration performance of the resulting membranes. The total polymer concentration, cellulose acetate, and sulfonated polysulfone polymer blend composition, additive concentration, and its compatibility with polymer blends were optimized. The membranes prepared were characterized in terms of compaction, pure water flux, membrane resistance, and water content. The compaction takes place within 3–4 h for all the membranes. The pure water flux is determined largely by the composition of sulfonated polysulfone and concentration of additive. Membrane resistance is inversely proportional to pure water flux, and water content is proportional to pure water flux for all the membranes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1749–1761, 2002     

Influence of Sulfonated Graphene Oxide on Sulfonated Polysulfone Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

Novel proton exchange membranes consisting of an inorganic filler, namely sulfonated graphene oxide, embedded in sulfonated polysulfone were fabricated. The membrane performance depended on the sulfonated graphene oxide content possessed the functional groups to provide the interfacial interaction with sulfonated polysulfone through ionic channels and blocking effect. The membrane with 3% v/v sulfonated graphene oxide content embedded in the matrix was shown to be suitable for direct methanol fuel cell applications. The membrane exhibited the highest proton conductivity of 4.27?×?10^?3 S cm^?1 which was higher than that of Nafion117. Moreover, the membrane provided the lowest methanol permeability of 3.48?×?10^?7?cm²/s which was lower than that of Nafion117.     

Preparation of bipolar membranes (I)

The bipolar membranes were prepared by charged material of polysulfone as a base. The bipolar membranes were composed of a solvent‐resistant anion exchange layer with a crosslinking matrix prepared by the reaction of chloromethylated polysulfone in DMF with diamine, an interfacial layer made from chloromethylated polysulfone solution in DMF containing cation exchange resin and amine, and a cation exchange layer made from sulfonated polysulfone dispersing cation resin powder. The prepared bipolar membrane can exhibit lower voltage drop over 100 mA/cm². The critical requirement for producing bipolar membranes of low potential drop is the creation of a thin interfacial region with a low electrical resistance and a suitable chemical structure, which act to catalyze water splitting. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1658–1663, 2001     

Separation of Humic Substances by Porous Ion-Exchange Membranes from Sulfonated Polysulfone

Abstract

Ultrafiltration involving sulfonated polysulfone membranes provides high efficiency for humic matter removal from water. The increase in ion-exchange capacity of the polymer matrix from 0.24 to 0.96 mmol SO₃H groups per 1 g of dry membrane increases the membrane pore diameter and its hydrophilicity, and thus the permeate flux from 0.05 to 3.69 m³/m²·d. In order to decrease the manufacturing cost, membranes from polysulfone and sulfonated polysulfone blends were investigated. It was shown that a one-to-one blend resulted in a membrane having similar antifouling properties to pure sulfonated polysulfone. Both membranes reject humic matter in the 91–98% range and show a flux decline of 5–30% as a result of surface fouling.     

The Effect of Skin Layer Composition and Operating Parameters on the Performance of Sulfonated Polysulfone-Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane

Abstract

A composite membrane for reverse osmosis was prepared from sulfonated polysulfone and poly(vinyl alcohol). The effects of overall polymer solution concentration, composition of casting solution, and heat-curing periods on the reverse osmosis performance of the resulting membrane have been examined. The composite membrane was formed by casting the polymer solution as an ultrathin film on a microporous polysulfone supporter, evaporating the solvent, and heat curing at 120°C for a proper period. The influence of different operating parameters on the performance of the resulting membrane was examined. The results showed that the flux of water increased and salt rejection increased with an increase in the ratio of sulfonated polysulfone to poly(vinyl alcohol) (SPSf/PVA). The flux of water is proportional to the operating pressure of the formed membrane with an SPSf/PVA ratio of 3/3–4/2. The flux of water was found to be a highly nonlinear function of the operating pressure of the formed membrane with an SPSf/PVA ratio of 2/4–0/6.     

Improving the performance of novel polysulfone-based membrane via sulfonation method: Application to water desalination

High-performance polymers for water desalination were designed. A novel polysulfone was prepared via reaction between a new synthesized pyridine-based diol and bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone. Also a series of disulfonated copolymers with sulfonation content of 20–50 wt% were prepared to compare the hydrophilicity with the pristine polymer. The generated membranes were characterized by microscopic, mechanical, and thermal methods, and the influence of sulfonation degree on hydrophilicity, water flux, and salt rejection was followed. Water flux of sulfonated membranes was increased compare to pristine membrane as sulfonation increased, while the salt rejection decreased. Optimum application performance was obtained for membrane with 30 wt% sulfonation content. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48568.     

Crosslinked Sulfonated Polysulfone-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Induced by Gamma Ray Irradiation

Sulfonated aromatic polymers generally show high swelling at high proton conductivity. This disadvantage makes many of them unfit for proton exchange membrane applications. Crosslinking of the polymer is one way to overcome this problem. In this study, radiation-induced crosslinking was performed on a sulfonated polysulfone membrane, with doses ranging from 2.5 to 25.0 kGy (dose rate: 45 Gy/min) using gamma rays from a ⁶⁰Co source. The pristine sulfonated polysulfones was obtained by mild sulfonation of bisphenol-A-polysulfone with trimethylsilyl chlorosulfonate as sulfonating agent. The proton conductivity of the membranes was characterized by means of electrical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Ion-exchange capacity, degree of sulfonation, water content and chemical stability membrane properties were characterized before and after irradiation. The results show that the mechanical, chemical and thermal stability of the membrane improve after irradiation. The degree of sulfonation and the proton conductivity exhibit a tendency to decrease with increasing irradiation total dose.     

Ultrafiltration of Myoglobin using Surface-Sulfonated Polysulfone Hollow Fiber

The usage of ionic polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber for the ultrafiltration of protein was investigated. The surface of polysulfone hollow fiber was sulfonated through the Blanc chloromethylation reaction to become anionic. Characterization of the modified hollow fiber was performed including ion exchange titration, pure water permeation, and molecular sieving measurement. The performance of ultrafiltration of protein was evaluated using myoglobin at various pH values. The results show that the water contact angles and hydraulic resistance are markedly decreased, indicating that the surface-modified PSF hollow fibers are more hydrophilic. In addition, the retention of myoglobin depends on the pH of the solution. At a pH higher than the isoelectric point of myoglobin, both hollow fiber and the protein have the same charge sign, and both the flux of the solution and the retention are the highest. The sulfonated PSF hollow fiber may be used as a biomaterial for protein separation and purification.     

Pervaporation separation of a water/ethanol mixture by a sodium sulfonate polysulfone membrane

A sodium sulfonate polysulfone membrane was prepared for the dehydration of a water/ethanol mixture by pervaporation. The separation performances of water and ethanol were examined by the testing of the ethanol/water mixture under operating conditions. The permselectivity of the sodium sulfonate polysulfone membrane was found to strongly depend on the sodium content in the membrane. The sodium sulfonate ratio showed a significant influence on the hydrophilicity and diffusion behavior of the polysulfone membrane. Moreover, the difference in the diffusion of the permeates played an important role in the sulfonate polysulfone membrane. It was found that a high‐performance pervaporation membrane could be achieved with a sodium sulfonate polysulfone membrane. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3374–3383, 2003