轻集料混凝土的抗渗性能研究

利用快速氯离子渗透试验和溶液气压法研究了粉煤灰、矿渣和硅灰三种矿物掺合料对轻集料混凝土抗渗性能的影响.结果表明,掺合料的加入能够显著提高轻集料混凝土的抗渗性能;利用SEM、孔结构试验探讨了掺合料提高轻集料混凝土抗渗性的作用机理,研究结果为深入开展高性能轻集料混凝土的研究提供了参考.     

Effect of glass powder on chloride ion transport and alkali-aggregate reaction expansion of lightweight aggregate concrete

The effects of glass powder on the strength development, chloride permeability and potential alkali-aggregate reaction expansion of lightweight aggregate concrete were investigated. Ground blast furnace slag, coal fly ash and silica fume were used as reference materials. The replacement of cement with 25% glass powder slightly decreases the strengthes at 7 and 28 d, but shows no effect on 90 d’s. Silica fume is very effective in improving both the strength and chloride penetration resistance, while ground glass powder is much more effective than blast furnace slag and fly ash in improving chloride penetration resistance of the concrete. When expanded shale or clay is used as coarse aggregate, the concrete containing glass powder does not exhibit deleterious expansion even if alkali-reactive sand is used as fine aggregate of the concrete.     

大掺量混合材高性能混凝土的制备及强度特性

在固定用水量为130 kg/m3下,研究了粉煤灰、磨细矿渣和硅灰对水泥替代量为30%、50%、70%,水胶比为0.33的高性能混凝土的制备。探讨了粉煤灰、硅灰和矿渣对新拌混凝土流动性和抗压强度的影响。在低水胶比情况下,粉煤灰、磨细矿渣和硅灰大掺量复掺,可制备得到工作性良好、早期强度满足要求和后期强度有极好发展的高性能混凝土;在高效减水剂的作用下,在大掺量混合材混凝土中以硅灰、磨细矿渣取代部分粉煤灰,可以有效提高大掺量混凝土的早期强度,进一步改善新拌混凝土的工作性。     

大流动性轻集料混凝土研究

研究了粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰掺合料对大流动性轻集料混凝土性能的影响。试验结果表明，掺合料单掺效果不及复掺；用堆积密度为503kg/m^3，筒压强度为3．08MPa的页岩陶粒，复合掺入20％的磨细粉煤灰和20％的磨细矿渣，可配制出塌落度267mm、扩展度650mm,28d强度为28．8MPa，表观密度为1804kg/m^3的免振捣大流动性轻集料混凝土；轻集料的物理力学对大流动性轻集料混凝土的性能有重要影响。     

含粗骨料的超高性能混凝土抗压强度的影响因素

使用普通原材料和高性能减水剂成功制备出抗压强度值超过130 MPa的超高性能混凝土,并试验研究了其抗压强度的影响因素.包括水胶比、粗骨料的颗粒粒径、细骨料的细度模数、胶凝材料的掺量、矿物掺合料和钢纤维.结果显示,各因素均对超高性能混凝土的抗压强度有一定影响,尤其是水胶比和矿物掺合料影响显著.当水胶比介于0.21和0.24之间时,超高性能混凝土的抗压强度随着水胶比的增大而降低,但水胶比为0.16的超高性能混凝土抗压强度值反而低于水胶比为0.18的混凝土的抗压强度.硅灰、粉煤灰和矿粉以1∶2∶1的质量比混掺使用最有利于提高超高性能混凝土的抗压强度,28 d龄期时抗压强度值达到138 MPa.     

矿物掺合料对混凝土氯离子渗透扩散性研究

研究了不同种类、不同掺量的矿物掺合料对混凝土氯离子渗透性的影响,试验结果显示:单掺矿物掺合料(磨细粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰)改善混凝土抗氯离子渗透能力,且改善效果硅灰最佳,磨细粉煤灰其次,矿渣最差.从机理上分析,矿物掺合料的火山灰效应改善了混凝土中水泥石与集料之间的薄弱界面,降低孔隙率,使孔细化,同时生成更多低碱度的C-S-H凝胶增加混凝土的Cl-固化能力,从而提高了混凝土抗氯离子渗透能力.     

Early-age Electrical Resistivity and Reactive Capacity of Mineral Admixtures in Mortars

1 IntroductionPozzolanic capacity of mineral admixture in concreteis usually tested by direct reaction with Ca(OH)2whilemonitoringthe consumption of lime (or strength develop-ment) .In theory,it is possible to completely react withall the calcium hydroxide , but this happens in practiceinfrequently.Some standards for methods ,among whichthere are chemical analysis and physical tests ,are devel-opedin some countries to allowaccurate characterizationof pozzolanic materials[1-3].And crrently,th…     

矿物掺和料和再生骨料对再生混凝土工作性的影响

本试验利用废弃混凝土制作再生骨料混凝土,并分析了再生骨料的种类、取代率、粉煤灰、矿粉等矿物掺和料的掺量诸因素对再生混凝土工作性的影响.结果表明：颗粒整形再生粗骨料混凝土的用水量接近于天然骨料混凝土;颗粒整形再生细骨料混凝土的用水量高于天然骨料混凝土的用水量;粉煤灰、普通矿粉、超细矿粉、硅灰等矿物掺和料能明显改善混凝土的坍落度、和易性.     

矿物掺和料和再生骨料对混凝土的收缩性能的影响

研究了再生粗、细骨料取代量、矿物掺和料等因素对再生混凝土收缩性能的影响.结果表明：高品质再生细骨料混凝土的后期收缩值高于天然骨料混凝土,且随着再生细骨料取代量的增加而增大;高品质再生粗骨料混凝土的收缩值接近天然骨料混凝土;粉煤灰和普通矿粉相比能够很好的降低再生混凝土的早期和后期收缩值,超细矿粉和硅灰都能减少再生混凝土的后期收缩值,但硅灰增加了再生混凝土的早期收缩值.     

粒化高炉矿渣代砂混凝土性能的试验研究

试验利用粒化高炉矿渣取代部分砂(特细砂)作为细骨料拌制混凝土,以不同的矿渣代砂率为主要变量,对10组不同配合比混凝土的流动性,立方体抗压强度进行研究。试验结果表明,混凝土的流动性随矿渣代砂率的增加逐渐降低,混凝土立方体抗压强度随矿渣代砂率的增加先增大后减小,矿渣的最优代砂率为60%;矿渣细骨料对混凝土后期强度的增长有促进作用。同时拟合出适合于矿渣代砂混凝土抗压强度的预测模型。     

离岸混凝土氯离子扩散系数的人工神经网络模型

为研究人工神经网络在离岸混凝土氯离子渗透中的应用,从已有文献中选用653组数据,建立网络结构为13-27-1的模型进行训练、预测。研究结果表明:人工神经网络能有效预测离岸混凝土中的氯离子扩散系数;水灰比,水泥、减水剂、外加剂(粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰)、骨料的含量以及混凝土的抗压强度、养护机制、试验方法、暴露时间和暴露环境均会对氯离子扩散系数产生影响。     

不掺硅粉的活性粉末混凝土配合比试验

在遵循活性粉末混凝土(RPC)基本配制原则的基础上,不掺入硅粉,采用超细水泥、普通水泥、掺合料(粒化高炉矿渣和粉煤灰)、砂、水、减水剂、钢纤维进行配合比试验。试验结果表明:不采用硅粉制备RPC是可行的;在制备RPC时,将超细水泥与适量掺合料混掺后,可以在保证材料强度和流动性的同时提高材料的经济性;用普通水泥取代大部分超细水泥后,材料的性能仍可保证,且更加经济。另外,研究了钢纤维掺量对材料性能(抗压、抗折、流动性及弯曲韧性)的影响规律。     

Grey clustering theory to assess the effect of mineral admixtures on the cyclic sulfate resistance of concrete

Concrete specimens made with ordinary portland cement or ordinary portland cement incorporating fly ash with the replacement of 10% or 20%, ground blast furnace slag with the replacement of 15% or 30%, or 15% fly ash and 15% ground blast furnace slag were made and exposed to a cyclic sulfate environment. Concrete properties including relative dynamic elastic modulus, chloride ion diffusion coefficient, compressive strength and flexural strength were measured. Effect of mineral admixtures on the cyclic sulfate resistance of concrete was assessed based on the grey clustering theory. The experimental results indicate that the cyclic sulfate resistance of concrete incorporating ground blast furnace slag belongs to the higher grey grade, which exhibits that it possesses excellent cyclic sulfate resistance. With increasing addition of fly ash, the cyclic sulfate resistance of concrete changes from the medium grey grade to the lower grey grade, which shows that incorporation of fly ash is disadvantageous for the cyclic sulfate resistance of concrete.     

复合矿物质超细粉对水泥石自收缩影响效应

为了探讨复合矿物质超细粉对水泥石自收缩的影响规律,将硅灰与粉煤灰、磨细矿渣与粉煤灰2种复合掺合料分别加入水泥浆体中,通过改变粉煤灰与硅灰的质量比、粉煤灰与磨细矿渣的质量比。测量其自收缩量,发现粉煤灰能抑制自收缩,磨细矿渣和硅灰促进自收缩,当粉煤灰与硅灰或磨细矿渣复配时.抑制自收缩的作用和硅灰与粉煤灰的质量比或硅灰与磨细矿渣的质量比显著相关.     

The Accelerated Test of Chloride Permeability of Concrete

1　IntroductionConcretenormallyprovidesagoodprotectionagainstcorrosionofreinforcementbecauseofthehigheralkalineofporesolutionandtheformationofpassivelayeronthesurfaceofsteel .Inasalineenvironment,however,thepassivelayercanbedestroyedbytheintrusionofchlorideionstoathresholdvalue[1] andthecorrosionofsteelmayoccur.Thepenetrationofchlorideionsintoconcreteismainlythroughdiffusion .Determinationofchlorideperme abilityofconcretebynaturaldiffusionistimeconsump tive .Inasalineenvironmenthoweverwhereco…     

INFLUENCE OF MINERAL ADMIXTURES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE

The improvements of the mechanical properties, including bulk density of fresh mixtures, elastic modulus, and compressive strengths of four high - performance concrete mixtures, made with the addition of fly ash, refined ground blast - furnace microslag(microslag) and silica fume are studied. The concrete mixtures were determined based on the dispersion testing results. The study indicates that the elastic modulus at 28 and 91 days, and compressive strengths of the concretes are improved a lot when fly ash and microslag by 25 percent by weight of ce-     

DEVELOPING A NEW GENERATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPOSITE CEMENT

This paper proposed a new generation of high performance composite cement which is designed according to the optimization of composition and structure of cement paste and is manufactured by blending the different components with special composite techniques. Each of these components has its different special property, and should be compatible with each other, and match each other,and the properties of them are complementary mutually. At present, such kind of high performance composde cement can be manufactured with high reactivity cement clinker, ground granulated blast—furnace slag, high grade fly ash, silica fume etc..     

矿物掺合料对自密实混凝土抗氯离子渗透性的影响

耐久性是自密实混凝土（SCC）的重要性质。本文应用电通量法研究了掺粉煤灰、矿渣的SCC抗氯离子渗透性能,通过对单掺和复掺时SCC电通大小的分析发现：粉煤灰和矿渣都能改善SCC的抗氯离子渗透性能,矿渣提高SCC的抗氯离子渗透性能要优于粉煤灰,二者复掺对SCC抗氯离子渗透的复合叠加效应并不明显。其机理是粉煤灰和矿渣提高水泥石密实性,强化混凝土界面过渡区,粉煤灰、矿渣物理化学吸附作用能固结Cl-,降低Cl-渗透性。SCC中掺入掺合料能减少离析、避免泌水,达到自密实效果,粉煤灰对混凝土流动增大的作用效果要优于磨细矿渣的效果。掺合料复掺对自密实混凝土强度具有复合叠加效应,混凝土28 d强度等级可提高1～2级。     

Apparent Activation Energy of Concrete in Early Age Determined by Adiabatic Test

The apparent activation energy of concrete in early age was determined by adiabatic temperature rise test with different initial temperatures. The influence of mineral admixtures such as fly ash, slag and silica fume on the apparent activation energy of concrete was investigated. The equivalent age that expresses the maturity of concrete was calculated to evaluate the cracking risk of concrete in structures. The results reveal that a substitution of 20% fly ash for Portland cement obviously decreases the apparent activation energy of concrete, however, a substitution of 10% silica fume for Portland cement increases the apparent activation. Finite element method analysis of a simulating concrete wall shows that the concrete containing 20% fly ash has the lowest cracking risk.     

掺合料混凝土抗硫酸盐性能及评价方法

研究了硅灰、矿渣微粉和粉煤灰三种常用矿物掺合料对混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀能力的影响。试验结果表明:三种矿物掺合料均可改善混凝土的抗硫酸盐腐蚀能力,作用效率由高至低依次为:硅灰>矿渣>粉煤灰;掺合料混凝土中砂浆膨胀值发展与混凝土硫酸盐腐蚀程度有良好相关性,采用混凝土中砂浆的膨胀值和抗压强度比两项指标能较准确的评价混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀的能力。