基于MiniGUI嵌入式软PLC界面的开发

论述了MiniGUI在嵌入式软PLC系统硬件平台上的移植和嵌入式软PLC系统构架,给出了基于 MiniGUI开发的软PLC界面的主程序框图和具体实现方法,对软 PLC程序运行与仿真诊断界面的实现做了重点介绍.     

基于双CPU的冗余控制研究与实现

根据工业控制系统中对PLC的高可靠性要求,提出了双CPU的PLC冗余控制措施,并分析了基于A-B Control-Logix PLC的双CPU冗余控制的具体实现方法,包括软件冗余实现方式和硬件冗余实现方式.     

开放式数控系统软件PLC可移植性机器码的研究

研究了开放式数控系统软件PLC可移植性机器码的生成方法,利用这种方法可以使用户编写的逻辑控制程序脱离软件PLC虚拟机的限制,且不需要具体的PLC虚拟机即可在不同的数控系统移植,大大提高了程序的执行效率.     

PLC控制系统设计

本文分析了影响PLC控制系统的主要因素,并对PLC控制系统从原理、实现方式等方面进行了分析和比较。这些设计方法对提高PLC控制系统可靠性有重要的参考价值。本文从硬件和软件两个方面进行了具体的设计研究。     

PLC的应用发展与前景

PLC是一种功能丰富、高度智能化的装置,它以微电子技术为核心,集成了自动化技术、计算机技术和通信技术等,现在已经被广泛应用到工业系统的控制中。阐述PLC的具体功能及在工业控制领域内的应用;介绍当前PLC及其配套技术的最新进展;总结PLC未来的发展方向。从PLC现阶段的应用和未来的趋势来看,PLC技术会使工业控制更加自动化、智能化。     

变频调速在轧钢机张力控制系统中的应用

将PLC控制的变频调速同步系统用于轧钢机的张力控制，阐述了用PLC实现变频调速控制的关键技术，包括定时中断、速度反馈值的采样及PI控制算法的具体实现。     

长输管道自动焊机PLC控制系统的抗干扰设计

主要分析以PLC为核心的长输管道自动焊机控制系统的干扰问题并针对性地进行了抗干扰设计,具体介绍了PLC控制系统的组成、结构、系统设计和系统软件设计,给出了抗干扰的软硬件解决方案。     

VB6.0实现上位机与OMRON PLC通讯

基于OMRON C200HE PLC组建的接触器自动生产线控制系统,由上位机与各功能单元PLC链接通讯,采集生产现场数据并显示,使其从设备级的控制发展到工厂级的控制。每台PLC必须与上位机连接,上位机监控PLC数据区状态,控制通信进程。本文详细介绍了PLC的具体配置及1∶N通讯软件的编程方法,以及采用VB 6.0控件,实现了上位机与各PLC分机多机通讯的关键程序。     

三菱PLC在上光机上的应用

本文简单介绍了三菱的FX3U PLC在上光机具体的应用原理.     

PLC梯形图的三种顺序控制设计法

本文以西门子S7-200型号PLC为例,用一个具体的实例介绍了PLC梯形图的三种顺序控制设计方法。通过比较分析,归纳总结了三种设计方法的不同编程思想和特点。     

水钢100 t转炉出钢过程回磷分析与实践

转炉出钢过程常伴有钢水回磷现象,导致钢水磷含量上升甚至出格,影响钢材成品质量和经济技术指标。为有效控制转炉出钢过程回磷,通过现场取样、数据采集、模拟试验及FactSage软件分析了出钢过程钢水回磷机理,研究探讨了渣中FeO、SiO₂、出钢温度、钢包渣碱度对回磷的影响。研究结果表明,出钢过程下渣,渣中FeO含量与出钢温度过高,钢包渣SiO₂含量与碱度不在合适范围均会增大钢水回磷率,最高达41%。结合水钢生产实践,出钢温度控制为1 625~1 640 ℃、转炉终渣FeO质量分数为15%、钢包渣碱度为3.6~4.1、控制含硅合金加入、控制出钢过程下渣量的条件下,可高效调节出钢过程回磷,将回磷率降低至15%以下。通过控制出钢温度、终渣FeO、碱度等,可有效降低因下渣导致的回磷。     

极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学研究进展

随着北极航行的发展及极地资源开发的需要，如何提高极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学性能愈发重要。在极地海洋环境中，碎冰、冰层和海水中的腐蚀性物质会使材料受到摩擦磨损、腐蚀及其耦合的影响;低温潮湿环境会增加材料的脆性、使材料表面覆冰、改变材料的摩擦磨损机理;强紫外线会加速涂层老化;这些因素都会降低材料的耐磨性能，最终导致材料失效。因此，极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学与材料的性能、服役寿命息息相关。本文介绍了极地探索所面临的摩擦磨损问题;阐述了极地温度、极地海洋大气及海水成分、海冰运动和极地微生物等极地海洋环境特点及其对材料摩擦学性能的影响;重点介绍了金属材料、无机非金属材料、高分子材料在极地海洋环境下的摩擦学进展;探讨了提升材料在极地海洋环境下的耐磨防腐技术，如改性、表面修饰等;最后，结合极地海洋环境服役材料摩擦磨损研究中所面临的问题及发展趋势，对未来极地海洋服役材料的摩擦学研究工作进行展望。     

精密检测在轧机牌坊空间位置测量中的应用

轧机在长期使用中机架牌坊内各窗口接触面、机架底面均会产生不同程度的腐蚀和磨损,使机架与轧辊轴承座间隙逐渐增大,加剧牌坊衬板的磨损,不能保证牌坊的窗口尺寸,从而不能保证轧机的功能精度.通过对轧机设备进行高精度的空间位置检测,可以撑握轧机的位置参数,为保证轧机功能精度提供强有力的数据支撑,以便更有针对性地对轧机进行维护、维...     

德育的现代转型刍议

我国改革开放的迅猛发展,要求德育实现从传统向现代的转型。这种转型因其受到国情,民情,社情,世情的制约,会很艰难,但当前大学生“三德”匮乏的现实增强了转型的紧迫感。改革传统的德育体制应首先从注重人格教育,公民教育,精英教育入手。     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Modeling of Microstructure and Microsegregation in Solidification of Multi-Component Alloys

Driven by industrial demand, extensive efforts have been made to investigate microstructure evolution and microsegregation development during solidification of multicomponent alloys. This paper briefly reviews the recent progress in modeling of microstructures and microsegregation in solidification of multicomponent alloys using various models including micromodel, phase field, front tracking, and cellular automaton approaches. A two-dimensional modified cellular automaton (MCA) model coupled with phase diagram software PanEngine is presented for the prediction of microstructures and microsegregation in the solidification of ternary alloys. The model adopts MCA technique to simulate dendritic growth. The thermodynamic data needed for determining the dynamics of dendritic growth are calculated with PanEngine. After validating the model by comparing the simulated values with the prediction of the Scheil model for solute profiles in the primary dendrites as a function of solid fraction, the model was applied to simulate the microstructure and microsegregation in the solidification of Al-rich ternary alloys. The simulation results demonstrate the capabilities of the present model not only to simulate realistic dendrite morphologies, but also to predict quantitatively the microsegregation profiles in the solidification of multi-component alloys. This article was presented at the Multi-Component Alloy Thermodynamics Symposium sponsored by the Alloy Phase Committee of the joint EMPMD/SMD of The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society (TMS), held in San Antonio, Texas, March 12-16, 2006, to honor the 2006 William Hume-Rothery Award recipient, Professor W. Alan Oates of the University of Salford, UK. The symposium was organized by Y. Austin Chang of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, Patrice Turchi of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, and Rainer Schmid-Fetzer of the Technische Universitat Clausthal, Clauthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.     

棒材高精度轧制工艺与实践

针对酒钢棒材生产线圆钢产品尺寸精度符合GB/T 702—2017标准要求,但不能满足用户的高尺寸精度要求的问题,结合该产线设备布置情况,分析了影响棒材产品尺寸精度的因素,即孔型设计不合理,轧机、轧辊装配加工精度控制不严,轧制过程未消除张力,以及操作调整水平较低。为此,通过优化设计成品孔型、重新分配精轧机组压下量、提高孔型加工及精轧机组轧机装配精度、优化导卫与活套等措施,明显提高了棒材产品的尺寸精度,生产的φ22 mm棒材不圆度不超过0.20 mm。     

铝合金微弧氧化的研究进展

综述了微弧氧化技术的发展历程、成膜机理,论述了铝合金微弧氧化的特点。基于铝合金微弧氧化工艺研究现状,详细阐述了氧化时间、占空比、电压、电流密度、电解液浓度、基体粗糙度、纳米颗粒添加剂以及复合工艺等对铝合金微弧氧化膜层的组织与性能的影响。如电流密度会影响涂层的生长机理,使膜层的表面结构和内部缺陷产生较大的差异;采用不同的电解液所得到的膜层的厚度和粗糙度有明显的区别;在不同的电压参数下膜层的均匀性及膜层中微孔的尺寸大不相同;制备微弧氧化复合涂层以及采用纳米增强颗粒可使膜层的结构和性能有大幅提升。通过改变以上影响因素对铝合金微弧氧化膜层组织和结构加以调控,从而实现了对膜层性能的优化,如膜层的硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、抗疲劳性能的提高。最后对铝合金微弧氧化的发展方向提出了展望。     

Atomistic Modeling of Multicomponent Systems

The need to accelerate materials design programs based on economical and efficient modeling techniques provides the framework for the introduction of approximations in otherwise rigorous theoretical schemes. Several quantum approximate methods have been introduced through the years, bringing new opportunities for the efficient understanding of complex multicomponent alloys at the atomic level. As a promising example of the role that these methods might have in the development of complex systems, in this work we discuss the Bozzolo-Ferrante-Smith (BFS) method for alloys and its application to a variety of multicomponent systems for a detailed analysis of their defect and phase structure and their properties. Examples include the study of the phase structure of new Ru-rich Ni-base superalloys, the role of multiple alloying additions in high temperature intermetallic alloys, and interfacial phenomena in nuclear materials, highlighting the benefits that can be obtained from introducing simple modeling techniques to the investigation of complex systems. This article was presented at the Multi-Component Alloy Thermodynamics Symposium sponsored by the Alloy Phase Committee of the joint EMPMD/SMD of The Minerals, Metals, and Materials Society (TMS), held in San Antonio, Texas, March 12-16, 2006, to honor the 2006 William Hume-Rothery Award recipient, Professor W. Alan Oates of the University of Salford, UK. The symposium was organized by Y. Austin Chang of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, Patrice Turchi of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, and Rainer Schmid-Fetzer of the Technische Universitat Clausthal, Clauthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.     

钢筋混凝土中钢筋锈蚀与防护研究概况

为了对进一步研究钢筋混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与防护提供参考,本文通过查阅相关文献,对钢筋锈蚀对钢筋混凝土力学特性的影响、钢筋锈蚀的影响因素、钢筋锈蚀的检测与评定方法以及钢筋锈蚀的防护与修复技术进行了论述。结果表明,钢筋锈蚀对钢筋混凝土力学特性的影响有三个方面;氯化物、混凝土碳化、硫酸盐、水和氧气、环境温度、混凝土裂缝是影响钢筋锈蚀的因素;钢筋锈蚀的检测与评定方法有电位图法、电位梯度法、交流阻抗法、恒电流脉冲法、极化曲线法、线性极化法、光纤监测法。指出完善混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的智能检测方法,建立更符合工程实际的混凝土结构失效评估指标体系,研究具有实际应用价值的混凝土中钢筋锈蚀的防护方法及混凝土中已锈蚀钢筋的修复方法是今后研究的发展方向。