共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 83 毫秒
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以PVC微粒为试验对象,比较了硝酸纤维素滤膜、聚碳酸酯滤膜、聚四氟乙烯滤膜、混合纤维素滤膜、玻璃纤维素滤膜及不锈钢滤膜对水样中PVC微粒的截留率、洗脱率,分析了6种滤膜在过滤、洗脱过程中对饮用水中微塑料检测效果的影响,同时从孔径、价格、使用感受等方面对6种滤膜的综合性能进行评价,从而选择最适用于饮用水中微塑料检测的滤膜。试验结果表明:6种滤膜对PVC微粒的平均截留率分别为61.9%、89.1%、94.2%、45.5%、61.9%、97.1%;洗脱后6种滤膜对PVC微粒的平均洗脱率分别为397.0%、95.9%、91.7%、823.0%、190.0%、94.2%。由数据可知,聚碳酸酯滤膜、聚四氟乙烯滤膜及不锈钢滤膜对PVC微粒的过滤、洗脱效果良好,3种滤膜间的截留率、洗脱率均无显著性差异,同时3种滤膜也具有较好的综合性能;然而,由于聚碳酸酯、聚四氟乙烯是常用的工程塑料,为避免对后续塑料微粒定量分析造成干扰,推荐选择不锈钢滤膜作为饮用水中微塑料检测的过滤滤膜。 相似文献
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系统介绍了微塑料的分离技术(密度分离、淘析法和油提法),消解技术(酸消解、碱消解、氧化消解、酶消解和UTS法)以及检测技术(目检法、光谱分析法和热分析法),并对其优缺点进行了对比分析。通过对目前研究进展的总结分析,认为不同的分离、消解及检测技术都会导致微塑料丰度、化学信息、形貌特征的差异,从而使得不同研究结果难以进行横向比较,影响了对微塑料环境行为、污染现状和时空分布等研究。提出未来应建立统一的、标准化的微塑料预处理及检测技术,更应关注图像分析与传统检测方法的联合应用,通过机器学习,为微塑料研究提供更快捷、精准的检测分类技术。 相似文献
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郭亮 《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2008,28(9)
本文应用氢化原子荧光分析技术(HG-AFS)测定生活饮用水中新增检测项目锑.通过一系列实验,总结出了合理有效的仪器测定条件、主要试剂浓度以及检出限、精密度、准确度、回收率.结果表明:该方法用于生活饮用水中锑的测定具有良好的可行性和适用性. 相似文献
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近年来,微塑料(<5 mm)已在各种环境甚至生物体中被广泛检出。然而,人们对环境中粒径小于1μm的纳米塑料的赋存还知之甚少。以太湖竺山湾近岸带水体为研究对象,利用不同孔径滤膜通过分级过滤、H2O2消解、过滤富集等方法对水样进行处理,将样品颗粒分成3个尺寸范围(>20、1~20和0.1~1μm)。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光红外成像光谱仪(LDIR)与热裂解-气相色谱-质谱联用(Py-GC/MS)等技术手段,综合分析太湖采样点水体中微塑料和纳米塑料的赋存情况。结果显示,水体中纳米塑料(0.1~1μm)主要以PET、PP和PS为主,并且其含量远高于微塑料。已有研究证明纳米塑料有更高的生态健康风险,因此需要对环境中纳米塑料的赋存情况进行精准的定性及定量分析。 相似文献
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主要介绍了污水及饮用水中的微塑料的组成、分类、来源、检测方法,概述了微塑料在水处理中的去除现状,结果发现目前污水处理厂以及饮用水处理厂很难将微塑料完全去除,这些微塑料有可能再次进入水环境当中.因此,急需加强水处理工艺对微塑料的去除研究. 相似文献
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Julie Cao Elizabeth S. Ng Donald McNaughton Edouard G. Stanley Andrew G. Elefanty Mark J. Tobin Philip Heraud 《International journal of molecular sciences》2013,14(9):17453-17476
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy shows potential as a benign, objective and rapid tool to screen pluripotent and multipotent stem cells for clinical use. It offers a new experimental approach that provides a holistic measurement of macromolecular composition such that a signature representing the internal cellular phenotype is obtained. The use of this technique therefore contributes information that is complementary to that acquired by conventional genetic and immunohistochemical methods. 相似文献
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Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy was used to nondestructively measure stress in ceramics, with sapphire being the model material. An infrared transmitting microscope was used to investigate, via external reflectance, spatial areas as small as 100 μm. 相似文献
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Diletta Ami Ana Rita Franco Valentina Artusa Paolo Mereghetti Francesco Peri Antonino Natalello 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(21)
Macrophages are among the first immune cells involved in the initiation of the inflammatory response to protect the host from pathogens. THP-1 derived macrophages (TDM) are used as a model to study the pro-inflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. Intact TDM cells were analysed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, supported by multivariate analysis, to obtain a snapshot of the molecular events sparked by LPS stimulation in macrophage-like cells. This spectroscopic analysis enabled the untargeted identification of the most significant spectral components affected by the treatment, ascribable mainly to lipid, protein, and sulfated sugar bands, thus stressing the fundamental role of these classes of molecules in inflammation and in immune response. Our study, therefore, shows that FTIR microspectroscopy enabled the identification of spectroscopic markers of LPS stimulation and has the potential to become a tool to assess those global biochemical changes related to inflammatory and anti-inflammatory stimuli of synthetic and natural immunomodulators different from LPS. 相似文献
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Jiang Qian Xue Gao Ya-Di Wang Xue-Ling Li Jun Hu Jun-Hong Lü 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(17)
Stem cells have shown great potential functions for tissue regeneration and repair because of their unlimited self-renewal and differentiation. Stem cells reside in their niches, making them a hotspot for the development and diagnosis of diseases. Complex interactions between niches and stem cells create the balance between differentiation, self-renewal, maturation, and proliferation. However, the multi-facet applications of stem cells have been challenged since the complicated responses of stem cells to biological processes were explored along with the limitations of current systems or methods. Emerging evidence highlights that synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy, known as synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, has been investigated as a potentially attractive technology with its non-invasive and non-biological probes in stem cell research. With their unique vibration bands, the quantitative mapping of the content and distribution of biomolecules can be detected and characterized in cells or tissues. In this review, we focus on the potential applications of synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy for investigating the differentiation and fate determination of stem cells. 相似文献
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ICP-MS测定生活饮用水中的金属元素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报道了用ICP-MS同时测定样品中的V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mo、Co、Cd、Ag、Pb、Ba等13金属元素。并对影响测定的基体因素进行了初步的探讨,实验确定了最佳优化测定条件。本方法的检出限为0.005~0.01μg/L,回收率为93.3%~106.5%。方法准确、快速、简便,线性范围大,灵敏度高,应用于水源水和饮用净水中金属元素的测定,结果满意。 相似文献
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阐述了目前饮用水测定六价铬的几种方法 (分光光度法、示波极谱法、原子光谱法及质谱法、离子色谱法)的特点及适用范围,通过仪器联用技术(高效液相色谱与ICP-MS联用,离子色谱与ICP-MS联用)的不断完善,不但可以直接测定出六价铬,还可以对水中成分进行全分析,大大的提高了分析速度和工作效率,降低了分析成本。 相似文献
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直接对黄姜进行压片,利用傅立叶变换红外光谱法测定黄姜中皂素含量.结果表明,以1647 cm-1处的吸收峰作为分析峰,在0.5%~5.0%含量范围内峰面积和含量具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9690,加标回收率为99.12%,相对标准偏差RSD为0.22%.测定结果与传统的重量分析法相近,实现了黄姜中皂素含量的无损分析. 相似文献