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采用 NACE膜设计舰船冷却海水真空膜蒸馏淡化工艺流程,实验考察海水温度、海水流量、渗透侧真空度对产水通量的影响,通过连续运行实验考察膜通量的变化,并采取多种清洗方法比较膜通量的恢复情况。结果表明:舰船冷却水真空膜蒸馏海水淡化的产水通量受海水温度、海水流量、渗透侧真空度影响显著,适宜操作条件为进料海水温度 70~80 ℃,海水流量 35~40 L/min,真空度 0.08~0.09 MPa。膜通量下降时采用 0.5 mol/L 稀盐酸清洗,通量能恢复98.8%。当海水流量40 L/min,水温80 ℃,真空度0.09 MPa时,膜通量达到18 L/(m2·h)。 相似文献
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采用热致相分离法制备了聚丙烯平板微孔膜,并对自制平板膜组件的膜蒸馏海水淡化性能进行了研究。探讨了膜制备条件及海水流量、温度、膜后真空度等真空膜蒸馏过程操作条件对聚丙烯平板膜组件海水淡化性能的影响,自制组件连续运行的小试结果表明:当真空侧压力为3kPa,进料温度为323.15K,流量为50L/h时,天津市渤海湾海水膜蒸馏过程的平均水通量达10.56kg/m·2h,产品水的脱盐率均在99.8%以上。 相似文献
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真空膜蒸馏技术是一种新型的膜分离技术,真空膜蒸馏技术具有截留率高、成本低、设备简单、操作容易、能耗低等优点。本文综述真空膜蒸馏技术盐水淡化中的影响因素、机理以及存在的问题,并指出真空膜蒸馏技术在盐水淡化中的应用前景。 相似文献
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膜蒸馏技术的应用和发展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
膜蒸馏是 2 0世纪八十年代才引起人们重视的新型膜分离技术。本文主要对膜蒸馏的过程机理、影响因素、用膜材料进行了讨论 ,同时介绍了膜蒸馏在海水淡化、水溶液的分离与浓缩、工业废水的治理等中的应用 ,并在此基础上提出了膜蒸馏的发展方向 相似文献
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膜蒸馏技术研究及应用进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
膜蒸馏作为一种新型分离技术,具有操作温度低、设备简单、脱盐率高等特点,在海水淡化、苦咸水脱盐、果汁浓缩等过程具有良好的应用前景。本文简述了膜蒸馏的工作原理、特点和膜材料的制备方法,指出当前膜材料的研究方向。综述了直接接触式、气隙式、真空式和气扫式4种基本膜蒸馏形式和几种改进的膜蒸馏形式的传热传质原理、研究现状和发展方向。重点介绍了可再生能源以及工业低温余热驱动膜蒸馏的技术特点、研究现状和应用,包括太阳能光伏/光热驱动膜蒸馏技术、太阳能热泵耦合驱动膜蒸馏技术、太阳池膜蒸馏技术、地热能梯级利用驱动膜蒸馏技术和低温余热驱动膜蒸馏技术等,并指出其发展方向。最后,探讨了膜蒸馏技术亟待研究和解决的问题,为该技术的进一步发展提供参考。 相似文献
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Exploring the spinning and operations of multibore hollow fiber membranes for vacuum membrane distillation
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Hollow fiber membranes with a multibore configuration have demonstrated their advantages with high mechanical strength, easy module fabrication, and excellent stability for membrane distillation (MD). In this work, the microstructure of multibore fibers was optimized for vacuum MD (VMD). A microstructure consisting of a tight liquid contact surface and a fully porous cross‐section is proposed and fabricated to maximize the wetting resistance and VMD desalination performance. The new membrane exhibited a high VMD flux of 71.8 L m?2 h?1 with a 78°C model seawater feed. Investigations were also carried to examine various effects of VMD operational conditions on desalination performance. The 7‐bore membrane showed higher flux and superior thermal efficiency under the VMD configuration than the direct contact MD configuration. Different from the traditional single‐bore hollow fiber, the VMD flux of multibore membrane at the lumen‐side feed configuration was higher than that of the shell‐side feed due to the additional evaporation surface of multibore geometry. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1078–1090, 2014 相似文献
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The current applications of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process for various industrial aqueous solutions have been thoroughly reviewed. The applications of VMD can be grouped into three major processes: the single component transport process, the binary component transport process and the multicomponent transport process. The porous and hydrophobic membrane in the VMD system serves as a physical support for the liquid–gas interface and does not allow one of the phases to disperse into the other. The membrane provides an efficient separator for the phase-change process. The use of the correct membrane can offer a high production rate and a high separation factor at low temperatures. VMD, an alternative separation technology with applications in desalination, concentration, organic extraction and dissolved gas removal, can compete with conventional liquid–gas separation systems. The present paper critically reviewed VMD technology; the important components of the scope of this review included applications and processes, membrane modules, heat and mass transfer, model development, membrane, process conditions, fouling, energy consumption and production cost. Finally, the potential for future research as a requisite for VMD industrialisation was suggested. 相似文献
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Microporous polypropylene and polyethylene hollow fiber membranes. Part 3. Experimental studies on membrane distillation for desalination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jian-Mei Li Zhen-Mei Liu Wen-Feng Yuan Hui Xiang Shu-Yuan Wang You-Yi Xu 《Desalination》2003,155(2):153-156
Three polypropylene (PP) and one polyethylene (PE) microporous hollow-fiber membranes were used in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for the desalination of simulated seawater. The influence of feed temperature and feed flow on distillate pure water flux was investigated. The comparison of the PP and PE membranes in DCMD and VMD was carried out. It was found that the water flux increased with the feed temperature and feed flow in both DCMD and VMD. The data also showed that, compared with the PP membranes, higher water flux could be obtained by using PE membranes in both the DCMD and VMD processes. 相似文献
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随着我国水资源的日益匮乏,海水淡化技术不断应用于工业中。华能威海电厂三期海水淡化系统设备为笔者所在公司提供,海水作为该厂锅炉补给水水源,采用了超滤(UF)-海水反渗透(SWRO)-一级反渗透-二级反渗透-电去离子技术(EDI)全膜法制备。其中能量回收作为海水淡化系统的重要部分,本文将介绍几种常用的能量回收装置,并详细介绍膜法海水淡化系统在该厂中的应用。 相似文献