Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶薄带的力学性能与高能射线屏蔽性能研究

对Fe78Si9B13非晶薄带的微观结构、力学性能进行了初步研究,并测试了非晶薄带叠层板材对高能射线(热中子及60Co、137Cs 2种γ源射线)的屏蔽效果.Fe78Si9B13非晶薄带自由面与贴辊面的微观结构差异较大,自由面光洁平整,而贴辊面粗糙不平且有孔洞等缺陷.Fe78Si9B13非晶带材的常温抗拉强度可达1400MPa,延伸率为3.9%,而高温抗拉强度有所降低,但断裂延伸率明显提高.厚度为4.5mm、4.8mm的Fe78Si9B13非晶薄带叠层板材对0.5eV以下热中子的吸收率分别达到90.9%、94.9%;对60Co、137Cs2种γ源射线的线性减弱系数分别为0.28cm-1和0.46cm-1,说明这种非晶带材有极好的热中子吸收能力和较好的γ射线减弱效果,有望作为屏蔽材料应用在辐射防护系统中.     

Fe78Si13B9/铁氧体复合材料磁粉芯制备及其软磁性能

用Mn-Zn铁氧体溶胶对非晶Fe78Si13B9粉体包覆,模压成型制备了复合磁粉芯,并研究了复合材料磁粉芯的软磁性能.实验结果表明,铁氧体粉体在500℃×2h的热处理条件下逐渐生成,并在非晶Fe78Si13B9颗粒表面较好包覆;铁氧体溶胶的加入,大大提高了非晶Fe78Si13B9磁粉芯的品质因数Q值.当铁氧体溶胶量为7%、30℃的测试温度时,Fe78Si13B9/铁氧体复合材料磁粉芯的磁导率在1MHz时达到最大值32,Q值高达23.     

Ni-Fe-(Nb)-Si-B非晶合金的等温晶化与结构转变

采用旋铸急冷工艺在大气环境中制备出(Ni0.75Fe0.25)78-xNbxSi10B12(x=0,5)非晶合金带材.X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明样品为完全非晶态.用差热分析仪(DTA)在高纯氩气保护下测量了非晶薄带的Tg、Tx、Tm,并分析了其热稳定性.根据DTA结果分析表明,(Ni0.75Fe0.25)78Si10B12非晶合金退火温度为695,715,745和765K,在715和745K退火时,非晶基体上析出了单一的γ-(Fe, Ni)固溶体,平均晶粒尺寸分别约为10.3和18.5nm;765K退火后的结晶相为γ-(Fe, Ni)固溶体,Fe2Si,Ni2Si和Fe3B.(Ni0.75Fe0.25)73Nb5Si10B12非晶合金的退火温度为720,750和800K,退火后不能在非晶基体上析出单一的晶化相,晶化析出相为γ-(Fe, Ni)固溶体,(Fe, Ni)23B6,Ni31Si12和Nb2NiB0.16.     

Al_(72)Ni_(12)Co_(16)/A365准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

制备了增强相体积分数为5%~20%的系列Al72Ni12Co16P/A356准晶增强铝基复合材料。其中增强相Al72Ni12Co16通过将严格按化学成分配比的Al72Ni12Co16浇于水冷铜基板上激冷凝固而获得。TEM和XRD分析结果表明所获得的材料为单相准晶材料。准晶增强铝基复合材料经热挤压处理后,绝大部分的铸造缺陷被消除,力学性能测试显示当准晶相的加入量为20%时,铝基复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度、弹性模量等性能分别从基体材料的275 MPa、200 MPa和70 GPa提高至410 MPa、350 MPa和102 GPa,而延伸率却从6%降低至3%。分析了准晶增强铝基复合材料的断裂机制和增强机制,准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的断裂机制可能有如下3种:界面及其附近区域脱粘、基体在集中的滑移带内撕裂和颗粒断裂,而其增强机制主要是细晶强化、弥散强化和固溶强化。     

非晶Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)合金涂层及涂层对磁性能的影响

研究了非晶Fe78Si9B13合金涂层工艺及涂层对非晶Fe78Si9B13合金磁性能的影响。结果表明:使用适当的涂层工艺涂层后的非晶Fe78Si9B13合金带材涂层厚度均匀,显示出良好的耐电压性;X射线衍射实验结果表明,纵向磁场热处理后,涂层及未涂层的Fe-Si-B合金衍射花样特征基本相同;与未涂层的非晶Fe78Si9B13合金相比,经涂层的Fe78Si9B13非晶合金静态磁性能有所下降,但经涂层处理后的非晶合金有效的降低了其在高频下的铁损,对于高频率工作条件下的非晶合金器件,具有一定的应用价值。     

高Fe含量FeCuNbSiB系非晶/纳米晶合金制备及其磁性研究

研究了过渡金属元素(Zr,Nb,Mo)和Cu元素对Fe78Si9B13合金系非晶形成能力、热稳定性和磁性的影响;在Fe74Cu1Nb3Si13B9合金的基础上,通过逐步提高Fe含量,利用单辊甩带法制备Fe(76+x)Cu1Nb3Si(11-x)B9(x=0,2,4)和Fe(79+x)Cu1Nb2Si(6-x)B12(x=0,2,4)非晶/纳米晶合金薄带;利用XRD、DSC、TEM和VSM研究了高Fe含量Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B系非晶/纳米晶合金的微观结构和磁性,并通过添加Nb元素优化了高Fe含量合金的磁性。研究结果表明:Zr和Nb元素的添加能明显提高Fe78Si9B13合金的非晶形成能力和热稳定性;高Fe含量的Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B系纳米晶合金为典型的非晶/纳米晶双相结构,合金的饱和磁化强度Ms180 emu/g,且合金的矫顽力Hc在2Oe-9Oe之间,具有良好的软磁性能;Nb元素能显著细化Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B系合金晶粒尺寸,从而能显著降低合金的矫顽力,改善合金的软磁性能;当Fe含量在80%-83%(原子百分比,下同)之间时,合金具有良好的软磁性能,但当Fe含量达到85%时,会有Fe2B、Fe3B相析出,从而显著恶化其软磁性能。     

铁基非晶磁致低温纳米晶化的相变动力学机理研究

用低频脉冲磁场处理了非晶Fe78Si9B13合金,利用M6ssbauer谱和LDJ9600震动样品磁强计进行了微结构和磁性分析,通过DSC曲线,借助于Kis-singer公式计算了脉冲磁场处理前后样品的纳米晶化过程激活能,探讨了铁基非晶低温纳米晶化的相变动力学机理.结果表明,用脉冲磁场处理非晶Fe78Si9B13合金的晶化激活能由处理前的433.6kJ/mol降到了200kJ/mol以下,大大提高了α-Fe(Si)的形核速率,只有α-Fe(Si)的单相纳米晶体析出,析出相的晶粒尺寸约为10nm,而且脉冲磁场处理过程中,非晶Fe78Si9B13合金试样温升均<10℃,说明脉冲磁场的处理促进了非晶合金的低温纳米晶化.     

薄带宽度对(Fe_(0.9)Co_(0.1))_(76.9)Cu_(0.6)Nb_(2.5)Si_(11)B_9非晶合金阻抗效应的影响

研究了薄带宽度对(Fe0.9Co0.1)76.9Cu0.6Nb2.5Si11B9非晶合金薄带阻抗效应的影响。样品长度为40mm,宽度分别为8和4.4mm。淬态下4.4mm宽的样品在f=3.75MHz的条件下达到最大值28%,而8mm宽的样品在f=4.34MHz的条件下达到最大值17%;各频率下4.4mm宽的样品的阻抗效应均8mm宽的样品。(Fe0.9Co0.1)76.9Cu0.6Nb2.5Si11B9非晶合金薄带阻抗效应远大于Co68Fe5Si12B15非晶合金阻抗效应。     

低频脉冲磁场对非晶合金Fe78Si9B13稳定性的影响

对非晶合金Fe78Si9B13进行了低频脉冲磁场处理,用Mossbauer谱仪、透射电镜等方法,观察处理试样的微观结构变化,用DTA方法研究了低频脉冲磁场对非晶合金Fe78Si9B13稳定性的影响;结果表明低频脉冲磁场可促进非晶合金发生纳米晶化,且处理后的试样与制备态相比其表观激活能有所提高,从而改善了原始非晶合金的稳定性.     

低频脉冲磁场处理非晶Fe78Si9B13合金纳米晶化的DSC研究

用低频脉冲磁场处理非晶Fe78Si9B13合金,采用差示扫描热分析(DSC)的方法测定了不同升温速率下非晶Fe78Si9B13合金的DSC曲线,利用Kissinger方程计算出了晶化过程的激活能.结果表明,晶化激活能由处理前的433.6kJ/mol降到200kJ/mol以下,提高了晶核形核速率,抑制了晶核长大速率,从而实现了非晶合金的低温纳米晶化.     

Preparation and tensile properties of amorphous Fe78Si9B13/nano-Ni laminated composite

Amorphous Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃/nano-Ni laminated composite was prepared by electrodeposition method. The tensile properties of laminated composite at room temperature were examined. The laminated composite exhibits a very high tensile strength and reasonable tensile elongation. This is attributed to a good bonding between amorphous Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃ layer and nano-Ni layers. The amorphous layer can deform in conformity with Ni layers and be significantly stretched without fracture. The apparent surface energy γ_f of amorphous Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃ ribbon in the laminated composite is 7 times larger than γ_f of amorphous ribbon in monolithic form. The isostrain model may be insufficient to explain the tensile behavior of the laminated composite.     

High-temperature tensile properties of amorphous Fe78Si9B13/nano-Ni laminated composite

The high-temperature tensile properties of amorphous Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃/nano-Ni laminated composite were studied by experiment and finite element method (FEM). The laminated composite prepared by pulse electrodeposition method exhibits good ductility below the crystallization temperature (T_x) of amorphous layer. A maximum elongation of 115.5% was obtained when the volume fraction of nano-Ni layers (V_Ni) was 0.77, which is greatly higher than that of monolithic amorphous Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃ ribbon (36.3%) tested under the same conditions. Due to a stress and strain gradient existing in Ni layers, amorphous layer is constrained by good interfacial bonding to deform in conformity with nano-Ni layers and can be significantly stretched without fracture. Monolithic nano-Ni layers behave tensile superplasticity and the ductility of laminated composite increases with V_Ni. Amorphous layer controls the tensile behavior of the laminated composite. Due to tensile stress and temperature driven, its crystallization causes the elongation decreasing at relatively high temperature.     

Annealing Embrittlement in Fe-Mo-Si-B Amorphous Alloy

Annealing at Ta=200℃ or so, the enhancement in the average tensile fracture strength of as-quenched (Fe0.99Mo0.01)78Si9B13 metallic glass increases about 7～8%. The origin of the annealing embrittlement at 244℃ in the metallic glass (Fe0.99 Mo0.01)78Si9B13 was revealed that due to the formation of nanoscale granular with bcc structure resulting in the stress localization.The temperature of annealing embrittlement was in agreement with the calculated value from Tbcc=0.637Tc (Tc is the crystallized temperature), based on micromechanism of crystallization of metallic glass.     

Cr13 Ni5Si2 /γ-Ni 三元金属硅化物高温耐磨复合材料

采用激光熔化/ 连续沉积工艺制备出以Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ 三元金属硅化物为初生相、以γ2Ni 基固溶体为连续增韧相(基体) 的三元金属硅化物耐磨复合材料(Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ /γ) 。在高温滑动磨损条件下测试了Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ /γ复合材料的耐磨性能随温度的变化规律, 并讨论了其磨损机理。结果表明, 由于Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ 三元金属硅化物具有原子结合力强和硬度2温度关系反常等特点, 且Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ /γ复合材料具有优良的强韧性配合, 以及Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ /γ复合材料在高温磨损过程中磨损表面能够形成转移覆盖层, Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ /γ材料在高温滑动磨损条件下具有非常优异的耐磨性能, 较低的磨损温度敏感性和反常的磨损2温度关系。韧性基体γ-Ni 的加入使Cr₁₃Ni₅Si₂ 三元金属硅化物在600 ℃高温下滑动耐磨性能提高了3 倍。     

L415/IN825复合板焊接接头渗硼处理工艺及渗层的组织与性能

目前对双金属复合板焊接接头的渗硼处理鲜有研究报道。为了提高双金属复合板焊接接头的耐蚀和耐磨性能,对其表面进行渗硼处理。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)及显微硬度计分别对L415/IN825复合板复层焊接接头渗层的微观组织、物相组成及显微硬度进行了分析,并研究了复合板焊接接头及其渗层电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明:复合板焊接接头复层渗层分为硼化物层(Ni_2B、Cr_5B_3、Cr_2B和CrB)和硅化物层(Ni_2Si、Cr_3Ni_2Si和Cr_(13)Ni_5Si_2),全渗层的厚度随着加热温度和保温时间的增加而增加;不同区域渗层表面的显微硬度值均高于基体;复合板焊接接头基体耐蚀性能优于焊接接头表面渗层。     

Fabrication of (TiB/Ti)-TiAl composites with a controlled laminated architecture and enhanced mechanical properties

The(TiB/Ti)-TiAl composites with a laminated structure composing of alternating TiB/Ti composite layers,α₂-Ti₃Al interfacial reaction layers of andγ-TiAl layers were successfully pre pared by spark plasma sintering of alternately stacked Tib₂/Ti powder layers and TiAl powder layers.And the influence of thickness ratio of Tib₂/Ti powder layers to TiAl powder layers on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the re sulting(TiB/Ti)-TiAl laminated composites were investigated systemically.The results showed that the thickening ofα₂-Ti₃Al layers which originated from the reaction of Ti and TiAl was significantly hindered by introducing Tib₂particles into starting Ti powders.As the thickness ratio of Tib₂/Ti powder layers to TiAl powder layers increased,the bending fracture strength and fracture toughness at room temperature of the final(TiB/Ti)-TiAl laminated composites were remarkably improved,especially for the(TiB/Ti)-TiAl composites prepared by Tib₂/Ti powder layers with thickness of 800μm and TiAl powder layers with thickness of 400μm,whose fracture toughness and bending strength were up to 51.2 MPa·m^1/2and 1456 MPa,respectively,293%and 108%higher than that of the monolithic TiAl alloys in the present work.This was attributed to the addition of high-performance network TiB/Ti composite layers.Moreover,it was noteworthy that the ultimate tensile strength at 700℃of(TiB/Ti)-TiAl composites fabricated by 400μm thick Tib₂/Ti powder layers and 400μm thick TiAl powder layers was as high as that at 550℃of network TiB/Ti composites.This means the service temperature of(TiB/Ti)-TiAl laminated composites was likely raised by 150℃,meanwhile a good combination of high strength and high toughness at ambient tempe rature could be maintained.Finally,the fracture mechanism of(TiB/Ti)-TiAl laminated composites was proposed.     

Wear Resistance of Deposited Layer Using Nickel-Based Composite Powders by Plasma-Arc Surfacing

Nickel-based composite alloy powders were deposited on the surface of Q235 steel by plasma-arc surfacing in this work. Optimal proportions of elements intensifying the composite powders were ascertained by orthogonal design of three factors and three levels and orthogonal polynomial regression analysis , which Cr , Mn , W were 10% ,4% and 7 % respectively.Phase and structure of deposited materials were characterized by optical microscope and X- ray diffraction. Hardness tests and wear resistance tests were carried out to determine the performance of the deposited layers. The results show that the microstructure of deposited layers of composite powders mainly consist of γ-( Ni, Fe ) , γ- Ni, WC, W2 C, Mn31Si12, Cr23 C6,Cr7 C3, Cr, NiB, Ni2B etc. Wear resistance and hardness of the surface increased evidently.     

累积叠轧纯Mg/ZK60镁合金层状金属复合材料的组织与性能

采用累积叠轧技术在300℃下制备了纯Mg/ZK60 Mg合金多层复合板材。经过初始复合后,Mg层和ZK60层晶粒明显细化,随着循环次数的增加,Mg/ZK60复合板材两组元晶粒细化并不明显。两种组元的层厚随着循环次数的上升而逐渐降低,两次循环后Mg/ZK60复合板材出现波浪状组织。累积叠轧后,Mg/ZK60复合板材中Mg层和ZK60层呈现典型的轧制织构类型,{0001}基面均向轧制方向发生轻微偏转。Mg/ZK60复合板材的强度及延伸率均介于轧制态的ZK60板与Mg板之间,并随着循环次数的增加逐渐提高。Mg/ZK60复合板材室温阻尼性能和高温阻尼性能均介于纯Mg与ZK60之间,而高温下Mg/ZK60复合板材的高温阻尼则与ZK60板材变化趋势相类似。      

双屏蔽(B4C-W)/6061Al层状复合板设计与性能

基于B₄C和W良好的屏蔽中子和γ射线性能,采用6061铝合金作为基体,设计了一种新型双屏蔽(B₄C-W)/6061Al层状复合材料,通过放电等离子烧结后加热轧制成板材,对制备的复合材料微观组织和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,屏蔽组元B₄C和W颗粒均匀地分布在6061Al基体中,层界面、B₄C/Al、W/Al异质界面之间结合良好,无空隙和裂纹。在颗粒与基体界面处形成扩散层,扩散层的厚度约为6 μm (W/Al)和4 μm (W/Al)。轧制态的(B₄C-W)/6061Al层状复合板的屈服强度(109 MPa)和极限抗拉强度(245 MPa)明显优于烧结态的复合材料,但断裂韧性降低。强度提高的原因主要是轧制后颗粒的二次分布、均匀性及界面结合强度提高,基体合金的晶粒尺寸减小,位错密度增加。层状复合板的断裂方式为基体合金的韧性断裂和颗粒的脆性断裂。      

Magnetic Properties of Fe- and FeNi-based Amorphous Composite Ribbons

1. IntroductionAmorphous alloys have been illtensively investigated for a few decades because of their outstanding magnetic properties. A composite amorphous bilayer formed by combination of two different amorphous ribbons, can result not only in the increase ofthe thickness of the ribbons, but also in remarkablechange of their magnetic properties. Composite amorphous alloys have been investigated since 1980is[1-3].It was found that the properties of composite amorphous ribbons are no longer t…