准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组含油页岩岩石力学特性及可压裂性评价

页岩油储层具有油气丰度低、渗透能力差、单井无自然产能或自然产能低于工业油流下限、能量衰减快等特点，在水平井或多分支井的基础上实施高效的压裂改造是实现页岩油效益开采的关键。围绕吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组含油页岩储层的可压裂性评价，实验测试与理论分析相结合，研究认识了岩石的变形破坏特征、力学强度特性及其纵向分布特征；在芦草沟组页岩储层可压裂性影响因素分析的基础上，建立了可压裂性指数评价方法。结果表明：芦草沟组含油页岩的变形破坏呈现显著的脆性特征，且层理、微裂缝等结构面发育，具备压裂改造形成复杂缝网的内在地质力学条件；芦草沟组页岩储层间存在岩石力学强度、地应力相对较高的隔层，对该类型储集体的压裂过程中在兼顾裂缝网络复杂化的同时还应强化压裂缝对上下储层的沟通能力，实现压裂改造有效体积的最大化；综合脆性指数、水平应力差、层间应力差以及断裂韧性等指标，建立了可同时表征水平井体积压裂缝网形成难易与压裂缝穿越隔层沟通纵向储层能力的可压裂性评价方法；基于微地震压裂监测结果的验证分析表明所建立的可压裂性指数评价方法在以吉木萨尔凹陷油页岩为代表的薄互层状页岩地层中具有较好适用性。     

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组储集层脆性特征

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组储集层岩性复杂,岩石脆性对产能影响显著.在矿物学、力学参数及能量演化特征分析的基础上,应用层次分析法,提出适合芦草沟组储集层的脆性评价新方法,对比不同岩性的脆性特征.结果表明:吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组储集层黏土矿物含量较少,脆性矿物各成分含量接近,矿物成分脆性指数难以准确评价其脆性;储集层非均质性强,不...     

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组致密油资源评价

近期,新疆油田非常规致密油领域获得重大突破,有效推动了我国非常规油气勘探。准噶尔盆地东部吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组致密油储集岩主要由泥质粉(细)砂岩、白云质粉(细)砂岩和砂屑白云岩组成,纵向上集中发育为上、下2段,下段以粉砂岩为主,上段以湖相云质岩为主,具有典型的咸化湖相沉积特征。吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组优质烃源岩发育,致密储层大面积连续分布,且具有纵向上“源储共生”、横向上连续分布的源储组合关系;致密油成藏主要受优质烃源岩分布、致密储层物性、含油饱和度控制,沿致密储层集中段富集。基于上述特征,采用小面元、EUR评价方法计算凹陷上、下2段致密油的地质资源量约为20×10⁸t,技术可采资源量约为1.15×10⁸t;其中较为现实的Ⅰ类资源量约为2.5×10⁸t,技术可采资源量为0.16×10⁸t。吉木萨尔凹陷致密油作为典型咸化湖盆地源内互层致密油类型,开展芦草沟组致密油刻度区解剖,获取地质评价与资源评价关键参数,将为类似非常规致密油区块资源评价提供类比及借鉴依据。     

烃源岩特征与生烃动力学研究——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组为例

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组含有丰富的油气资源,其烃源岩主要有页岩、碳酸盐质页岩和粉砂质泥岩,它们均具有有机质丰度高、生烃潜力大、当前处于低成熟至成熟阶段、有机质类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型为主的特征,在对其特征进行评价的基础上,选取中-低成熟度、有机质丰度较高的烃源岩进行开放体系条件下的热解实验和动力学模拟实验,进而研究烃源岩样品的生排烃特征。结果表明,芦草沟组烃源岩活化能主要为210 kJ/mol;上述3 种烃源岩中,页岩具有最高的生烃量和排烃效率,碳酸盐质页岩次之,而粉砂质泥岩的生烃量和排烃率均最低,但前两者却具有较高的滞留烃含量。综合前人的研究成果,最终认为芦草沟组烃源岩生烃增压作用是烃源岩排烃和致密油气聚集的主要动力,页岩和碳酸盐质页岩段是致密油勘探的目标层段。     

准噶尔盆地西北地区断层内流体活动过程及对断层启闭性的影响

利用野外、钻井、测井和地球化学分析等资料,对准噶尔盆地西北地区断层内流体活动过程及对断层启闭性的影响进行了研究。准西北地区断层发生过4期流体活动：断层形成初期,滑动破碎带受力最为集中,破碎较为严重,一期幔源流体首先进入滑动破碎带,并不断析出矿物充填其中,物性变差;二期幔源流体在滑动破碎带物性较好的部位穿插运移,胶结形成的矿物与一期形成的矿物脉体将滑动破碎带封堵;三期盆源流体主要在物性较好的主动盘裂缝带内运移,少部分进入被动盘诱导裂缝带;四期大气降水在断层物性较好的主动盘诱导裂缝带和被动盘诱导裂缝带内活动,初期主要以溶蚀作用为主,后期胶结作用较为强烈。由于第三期盆源流体活动期间,往往也是盆内大规模油气排烃时期,流体中往往含有大量油气,因此油气的运移主要在主动盘诱导裂缝带内进行,其次为被动盘诱导裂缝带,滑动破碎带实际上起封闭作用,不输导油气。     

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩储集层裂缝成因及耦合关系

通过观察准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩储集层的野外露头、岩心和薄片,结合成像测井资料,采用油气运移物理模拟实验、三轴压裂实验等方法,以岩石应力—应变曲线为依据,研究了微观尺度到宏观尺度的页岩储集层裂缝成因及耦合关系.研究结果表明,构造缝与层理缝相互耦合,可显著改善页岩储集层的物性;层理缝与构造缝形成过程中相互影响,...     

Sedimentary environment and the controlling factors of organic-rich rocks in the Lucaogou Formation of the Jimusar Sag, Junggar Basin, NW China

The Lucaogou Formation in the Jimusar Sag of the eastern Junggar Basin is an important sedimentary stratum accumulating huge amounts of lacustrine tight oil in China, where organic-rich rocks are commonly observed. Focusing on the Lucaogou Formation, a precise analysis of the inorganic and organic petrology and the inorganic geochemistry characteristics was conducted. The paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during sedimentation of the Lucaogou Formation were established, and the key factors that were controlling the accumulation of organic matter during this time were identified. The results of this study suggest that during the sedimentation of the Lucaogou Formation, the paleoclimate periodically changed from a humid environment to an arid environment. As a result, the salinity of the water and the redox environment fluctuated. During the sedimentation period, the lake showed sufficient nutrient supplies and a high primary productivity. The interval studies in the Lucaogou Formation were divided into five sedimentary cycles, where the first, second, and fifth sedimentary cycles consisted of cyclical paleoclimate fluctuations varied from a humid environment to an arid environment and shifted back to a humid environment with levels of salinity from low to high and decreased again. The third and fourth cycles have cyclical fluctuations from a humid to an arid environment and corresponding salinity variation between low and high levels. During the period when organic-rich rocks in the Lucaogou Formation deposited in the Jimusar Sag, the paleoclimate and the water body were suitable for lower aquatic organisms to flourish. As a result, its paleoproductivity was high, especially during the early period of each cycle. A quiet deep water body is likely to form an anoxic environment at the bottom and is also good for accumulation and preservation of organisms. Fine-grained sediments were accumulated at a low deposition rate, with a low dilution of organic matter. Therefore, high paleoproductivity provided a sufficient volume of organisms in the studied area in a quiet deep water body with an anoxic environment and these were the key factors controlling formation of organic-rich rocks.     

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷东斜坡二叠系梧桐沟组储层特征及影响因素

依据储层地质学的基本理论和研究方法,综合运用钻井、测井以及分析化验资料,对准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷东斜坡二叠系梧桐沟组进行了储层特征研究和影响因素分析。研究表明,储层孔隙度相对较高,而渗透率相对较低;孔喉类型主要为中孔-细喉型,且连通性相对较差;储层物性的影响因素为沉积相和成岩作用,其中压实作用是最主要的减孔因素,胶结作用是造成储层渗透率低的主要原因;相对优质储层发育的有利区带为辫状河三角洲平原的辫状河道砂体和辫状河三角洲前缘的水下分流河道砂体。     

准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩地球化学特征与生烃潜力研究

准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷作为盆地内最大的富烃凹陷,其烃源岩地球化学特征、沉积环境和生烃母质等研究不足,限制了对该区探明资源量较低问题的理解。基于阜康凹陷东斜坡新钻揭的烃源岩样品实验分析结果,对阜康凹陷芦草沟组源岩进行了地质地球化学分析研究。阜康凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩总体属于中—很好质量的烃源岩,有机质类型为Ⅱ—Ⅲ型,主体处于低熟—成熟演化阶段;生物标志物特征显示,芦草沟组烃源岩的有机质为陆源高等植物和水生菌藻类的混合,可能具有类杜氏藻的绿藻贡献,总体沉积于贫氧—次富氧、淡水—半咸水的间歇性分层水体环境中,泥岩沉积特征明显。阜康凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩平面上地球化学特征变化较大,阜中凹槽和阜北凹槽显示出更大的生烃潜力。     

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油藏特征与形成主控因素

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组发育典型的陆相咸化湖盆页岩油,综合利用地震、岩心、测井等资料,对油藏特征及形成主控因素进行了研究。芦草沟组大面积含油,以游离态和吸附态2种状态在多层“甜点”层的微—纳米孔喉、层理缝中聚集,被页岩隔层分隔,存在上、下2个“甜点”富集层段。页岩油藏地层压力、成熟度从凹陷区向斜坡区逐渐降低,原油密度逐渐增大。烃源岩品质及成熟度控制了页岩油的分布与原油性质,沉积微相控制了页岩油的分布层位,页岩的岩性与物性控制了页岩油的富集甜点,生烃增压是页岩油成藏的主要动力。