结肠癌合并糖尿病的围手术期临床分析

目的探讨结肠癌合并糖尿病患者围手术期的治疗措施。方法在本院进行手术治疗的27例结肠癌合并糖尿病患者术前、手术中及手术后的观察,以研究结肠癌患者中糖尿病的发病情况及其与术后并发症的关系。结果术后切口感染3例,骶前间隙脓肿2例,肺部感染1例,吻合口瘘1例,并发症经有效治疗均痊愈,所有患者围手术期均安全度过。结论结肠癌并发糖尿病患者围手术期调整血糖,选择合理的手术方式,合并糖尿病的结肠癌患者可以得到较好的外科治疗效果。     

73例结节性甲状腺肿的外科治疗

目的探讨结节性甲状腺肿外科治疗,对其进行经验性总结。方法回顾性分析73例结节性甲状腺肿手术病人临床资料。结果本组73例患者均经手术治疗。术后甲状腺结扎线脱落导致术后出血1例(1.37%),声音嘶哑1例(1.37%),1周后自行好转,手足抽搐1例(1.37%),经镇静补钙治疗后好转。61例获得随访,随访率为83.56%,随访5个月～7年,3例患者复发,复发率为4.92%。结论需重视结节性甲状腺肿外科治疗选择合适的麻醉方法 ,提高手术治疗技巧,术后给予必要替代治疗。     

糖尿病围手术期的护理体会

目的探讨泌尿外科疾病合并糖尿病围手术期护理,减少术后并发症,达到术前预期效果。方法对98例病人进行术前调整饮食及血糖,完善术前检查。术后严密观察病情变化,及早发现并发症,并给予及时的治疗和护理。结果 98例病例中发生刀口感染及糖尿病皮肤大疱各8例,低血糖反应5例,腹腔内胆管脱出1例,无死亡病例,平均住院25d均痊愈出院。结论对98例腹部肿瘤合并糖尿病人进行了精心护理,收到了良好的效果,使病人顺利康复。     

门诊糖尿病病人健康教育效果调查

目的 了解门诊糖尿病病人健康教育的效果.方法 采用自行设计问卷,通过访谈形式,对80例门诊2型糖尿病病人实施健康教育,并进行获得糖尿病知识来源、知识掌握情况、健康教育的需求及遵医行为前后调查.结果 健康教育后病人掌握的知识主要来源于课堂教学并认为健康教育对疾病治疗有帮助占76例(95.0%),病人糖尿病知识掌握情况及遵医行为明显提高(均P＜0.01),空腹、餐后2 h血糖水平较教育前明显改善(均P＜0.01).结论 门诊健康教育是糖尿病病人获得有关糖尿病知识及治疗技巧的有效途径,它对改善病人病情发挥着重要的作用.     

肺癌伴糖尿病50例外科治疗

目的对肺癌伴糖尿病的外科治疗进行分析、探讨。方法对2003年5月至2010年4月收治的50例肺癌合并糖尿病患者的外科治疗进行回顾、总结。结果 50例患者术后并发症发生9例,占18%。术后生存期达到1年的占90%;达2年的占74%;达3年的46%;达5年的占20%;达8年的占8%。结论患者围术期的血糖控制和并发症的预防是手术成功与否的关键,只有在围术期及时调整并采用抗生素预防,才可有效降低术后并发症和死亡率。     

甲状腺外科手术治疗(附120例)

目的探讨甲状腺患者接受外科治疗的效果。方法回顾性分析2003年至2009年间我院收治的120例甲状腺手术病人的临床资料。结果全组发生并发症2例,并发症发生率1.67%。其中,喉返神经损伤3例(2.50%),术后出血2例(1.67%)以及束后甲状腺功能低下2例(1.67%)。全组术后原发病复发共7例,复发率5.83%。其中甲状腺腺瘤2例,结节性甲状腺肿2例,甲状腺癌1例。结论遵循甲状腺肿瘤正确外科治疗原则能有效降低甲状腺疾病患者手术并发症、复发率等,并改善预后。     

心脏黏液瘤的诊断和外科治疗

目的探讨心脏黏液瘤的诊断和外科治疗。方法35例心脏黏液瘤病人,在全麻低温体外循环下进行心脏肿瘤切除术。其中1例同期行二尖瓣置换术,1例行室缺直视修补术。结果术后死亡1例(2.85%),34例病人术后恢复好,临床症状消失,心功能恢复至Ⅰ级。随访6个月～10年,未见肿瘤复发和远处转移。结论超声心动图是诊断心脏黏液瘤的最有效方法,心脏黏液瘤一经确诊应尽快手术。     

~(131)I核素治疗Graves病对甲亢性糖尿病的影响及其相互关系的探讨

目的为了探讨131I核素治疗Graves病对甲亢合并糖尿病患者的影响并了解其相互关系。方法根据1999年WHO糖尿病诊断标准和Graves病诊断标准,排除其它相关影响因素,对69例甲亢合并糖尿病患者随机分组35例经ATD控制病情,在甲硫咪唑停药1周,丙基硫氧嘧啶停药至少2周后,行131I核素治疗;34例采用ATD治疗。分别于治疗后1、3、6个月进行TSH、FT3、FT4以及空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖的测定。Graves病疗效判定标准依次为治愈、好转、无效、甲减。糖尿病疗效评价标准分别为显效、好转、无效。结果 6个月131I核素治疗后复查35例患者Graves病治愈26例(74.29%),其中糖尿病有效25例(71.43%)、无效1例(2.86%);Graves病好转5例(14.29%),其中糖尿病有效5例(14.29%);Graves病无效0例;甲减4例(11.43%),其中糖尿病有效4例(11.43%)。Graves病治愈率为85.71%,糖尿病有效率为97.14%。6个月ATD治疗后复查34例患者Graves病治愈1例(2.94%),其中糖尿病有效1例(2.94%);Graves病好转26例(76.47%),...     

胰岛素泵在2型糖尿病人围手术期应用的临床探讨

目的观察胰岛素泵(即持续皮下胰岛素输注,CSⅡ)在2型糖尿病人围手术期血糖控制效果。方法26例住院需手术的2型糖尿病进行两种胰岛素强化治疗。A组采用CSII 6例,B组采用多次皮下胰岛素注射治疗(MSⅡ)20例,两组血糖靶值均为空腹血糖4.4～8mmol/L,餐后2h血糖4.4～10mmol/L,并至少2d。结果两种治疗均可达到相同的血靶糖值,CSⅡ较MSⅡ在更短时间内达血靶糖值(P<0.01),缩短病人住院日,CSⅡ胰岛素用量少于MSⅡ组(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病人围手术期应用CSⅡ时更有利于血糖的控制,缩短病人住院时间,减轻病人的负担。     

那格列奈联合甘精胰岛素治疗老年2型糖尿病的疗效及安全性

目的 探讨那格列奈联合甘精胰岛素对老年2型糖尿病病人的疗效及安全性.方法 血糖控制欠佳的年龄70a的老年2型糖尿病病人60例,分成2组.试验组30例,男性23例,女性7例,年龄(77±11)a,予那格列奈加甘精胰岛素注射液治疗.对照组30例,男性24例,女性6例,年龄(78±10)a,予精蛋白锌重组人胰岛素混合注射液治疗.疗程均swk,测定治疗前后空腹血糖,餐后Zh血糖、糖化血红蛋白的变化并观察不良反应的发生率.结果 治疗后试验组与对照组空腹血糖分别下降(1.8±1.2)和(1.8±1.3)mmol·L-1,餐后2h血糖分别下降(3.9±1.2)和(3.8±1.2)mmol·L-1,糖化血红蛋白下降(1.2±0.9)%和(1.2±1.0)%,与治疗前比较差异有非常显著意义(P＜0.01),2组间比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).试验组发生低血搪5例,明显低于对照组19例.结论 在老年2型糖尿病病人中那格列奈联合甘精胰岛素治疗降血糖效果好,使用简单、方便,低血糖发生率低、安全性好.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。