热熔粘合衬的选配原则

阐述了热熔粘合衬的性能及特点 ,介绍了根据面料特点选择热熔粘合衬的原则、方法以及粘合衬在服装、服饰方面的应用     

粘合衬产品实行统一编码和命名

目前国内生产热熔粘合衬的单位已逾百家,而各家的产品编码和命名都不统一,造成服装厂管理和使用上很大不便。不利于粘合衬的质量提高;甚至某服装厂曾发生因衬布牌号不一,造成了加工上的重大质量事故。 为此,上海粘合衬热熔胶协会,制订了国内热熔粘合衬统一编码和命名法,于1985     

热熔粘合衬机织底布的试制

服装造型美观与否,与衬里布有着很大的关系,没有衬布很难做成一件挺括和久不走样的服装,因此服装衬料的发展一直受到人们的重视,至今已发展到第四代——热熔粘合衬了西欧是最早生产应用热熔粘合衬的地区,今天也是应用粘合衬最普遍的地方,男式服装几乎100%用了粘合衬,目前服装工业生产的     

联邦德国泼拉特·波恩公司热熔粘合衬技术

1984年2月,纺织工业部科技司邀请联邦德国泼拉特·波恩(Plate Bonn)公司的技术人员先后在北京与上海进行了热融粘合衬技术座谈,现将技术座谈主要内容简介如下。 一、热熔粘合衬技术发展现状与趋势 热熔粘合衬是应用于服装工业的一种纺织新产品,国外是六十年代首先在西欧开始生产的。这种粘合衬是用机织物、针织物或非织造布作为底布,再经过涂层加工,将粉状或糊状热熔性粘合剂以点状或其他形式粘     

前沿·信息

<正>《非织造热熔粘合衬》标准通过工信部批准由上海市服装研究所等多家单位共同起草的FZ/T64009—2009《非织造热熔粘合衬》日前已由中华人民共和国工业和信息化部批准发布,于2010年6月1日起实施。该标准规定了非织造热熔粘合衬的产品分类、技术要求、     

多功能涂层复合机的开发与应用

多功能涂层复合机是用于生产粉点、浆点、微粉等热熔粘合衬及复合产品的设备。本文除介绍了各涂层单元的涂层原理及结构特点外，还介绍了电加热烘干焙烘室热风循环烘燥的原理和主动退卷复合装置以及气动控制的跟踪齐边系统。     

多功能涂层复合机的开发与应用

多功能涂层复合机是用于生产粉点、浆点、撒粉等热熔粘合衬及复合产品的设备。本文除介绍了各涂层单元的涂层原理及结构特点外，还介绍了电加热烘干焙烘室热风循环烘燥的原理和主运退卷复合装置以及气动控制的跟踪齐边系统。     

网点式热熔粘合衬的生产

本文具体阐述了网点式热熔粘合衬的生产工艺参数的控制及其设备。该工艺与粉点转移法等其他工艺比较,由于没有漏点和由此引起的起泡、脱胶之类的问题,而被公认为是生产衬衫领衬材料的最佳工艺。     

浅谈提高粘合衬组合试样压烫质量的措施和方法

为了正确理解FZ／T01076-2010《热熔粘合衬尺寸变化组合试样制作方法》新标准，结合衬衫粘合衬和压烫机种类，提出如何提高组合试样的压烫质量的措施和方法。     

标准发布消息

标准编号‘h/T M（X-2（:X 机织树脂衬布yT 6558-2000 机织热熔粘合衬布田T.创m刀-ZttX） 非织造热熔粘合衬有标准名称g/T 01074-2000 服装用热熔粘合衬布产品标记及质量标识的规定g/T 01075-2000 服装衬布外观质量局部性疵点结辫和放尺规定y/T 01076-2（X 服装用任何粘合衬组合试样制作方法g/T olffi7-2000 织物氯损强力试验方法y/T olffis-ZIXL 织物吸氯泛黄试验方法ylT 01079-2liU 织物烫焦试验方法g/T 01080-Zop 树脂整理织物交联程度的疵点染色法 Fg/T 01081-2000 热熔粘合衬热熔胶布量和涂布均匀性的测定 Fg/T 01082-Zop 服装用热熔粘合衬布干热尺寸变化的测定y/T 01083-2（X 热熔粘合衬布干洗后的外观及尺寸变化的测定nny/T 01084-24X） 热熔粘合衬布水洗后的外观及尺寸变化的测定 DglT 01085-2000 热熔粘合衬布剥离强力测试方法y/T oplo-M 远红外纺织品glT 01089-2000 纺织品 纱线毛羽测定方法 ...     

Encapsulation of food ingredients

Microencapsulation is a relatively new technology that is used for protection, stabilization, and slow release of food ingredients. The encapsulating or wall materials used generally consist of starch, starch derivatives, proteins, gums, lipids, or any combination of them. Methods of encapsulation of food ingredients include spraydrying, freeze‐drying, fluidized bed‐coating, extrusion, cocrystallization, molecular inclusion, and coacervation. This paper reviews techniques for preparation of microencapsulated food ingredients and choices of coating material. Characterization of microcapsules, mechanisms of controlled release, and efficiency of protection/ stabilization of encapsulated food ingredients are also presented.     

Water–disaccharides interactions in saturated solution and the crystallisation conditions

This paper reports solubility data and measurements of viscosity of the saturated aqueous solutions of sucrose, maltitol, and trehalose. Likewise, the metastable zone width and velocity of nucleation of the three disaccharides are compared. The narrowest metastable zone is observed for maltitol and the largest for trehalose. Such behaviour is due to a higher affinity of trehalose for water. Moreover, the crystallisation of anhydrous disaccharides in aqueous solution necessitates that hydration water be removed and evacuated from crystal integration surface to the bulk of solution to allow the growth of crystals. This step of disassociation and diffusion of hydration water proves to be the controlling step of the crystallisation process. Structural features at the origin of the differences between the three sugars are studied by FTIR spectroscopy. Modifications of frequencies and intensities of the vibrations around the glycosidic bond are interpreted in terms of conformational flexibility. Arguments like H-bond strength or conformational flexibility of the two monomers around the glycosidic oxygen were evoked as possible explanations of the behaviour of disaccharides. Likewise stability of hydration of the disaccharides is derived from the interpretation of FTIR spectra. These structural features help in interpreting the differences in crystallisation conditions and to hypothesize about the cryoprotective ability of the studied molecules.     

Depth of concussion in cattle shot by penetrating captive bolt

The prevalence of shallow depth of concussion following captive bolt shooting was assessed in 1608 cattle at an abattoir. Depth of concussion was determined in each animal from physical collapse, presence or absence of corneal reflex, normal rhythmic breathing, eyeball rotation, and whether the animal was re-shot. The presence of nystagmus and the absence of tongue protrusion were also monitored as potential indicators of a shallow depth of concussion, and simultaneous noise measurements assessed whether loudness of gun discharge was linked to concussion depth. The prevalence of a shallow depth of concussion was 8% for all cattle and 15% for young bulls. Nystagmus was associated with other indicators of a shallow depth of concussion. Absence of tongue protrusion was not associated with depth of concussion, but could serve as a useful indicator of jaw relaxation and insensibility following exsanguination. Soft-sounding shots (111 dB) when using 4.5 gr cartridges were associated with shallow depth of concussion.     

39—THE FLOW OF LIQUID FROM A JET THROUGH A COMPRESSIBLE POROUS LAYER. PART III: THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LIQUID FLOW THROUGH A COMPRESSIBLE LAYER OF LOOSE WOOL

The effects on the conditions of flow of the surface and configurational properties of the fibres in a compressible porous layer are discussed. The characteristics of a layer of wool are evaluated, and its compressibility is determined. It is shown that, when a liquid of initial uniform pressure flows through a compressible porous medium, the pressure gradient within the medium increases with the distance of flow. The resulting pressure drop is found to depend on a function of the ratio of the downstream to the upstream porosity of the compressible medium. Experimental results are reported for permeable flow through various layers of loose wool; these indicate that, when the flow is disturbed turbulent, the pressure drop through the layers is proportional to the square of the filter velocity. This result is not readily apparent from the graphs of pressure drop against filter velocity because of the compressibility of the fibres.     

Headspace solid‐phase microextraction analysis of artificial flavors

Using a non‐equilibrated solid‐phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique, differentiation between a wide variety of types and examples of artificial flavors has been demonstrated. Addition of an internal standard to the samples, as received, allowed for the calculation of yields on a µg g^?1 basis for the majority of headspace volatiles. The relative standard deviation values expressed as percentages were between 3 and 5%. The precise nature of the approach coupled with the compound identification capacity of the mass spectrometer afforded the capability to easily differentiate between multiple sources of artificial flavors. With a total analysis time of approximately 30 min and the absence of solvent, this approach has the capability of detecting and quantifying the presence of the low‐molecular‐weight solvents often used in the preparation of artificial flavors. Such a capability represents a distinct advantage over more conventional methods of solvent dilution. Results from conventional gas chromatography/mass selective detector analyses are contrasted and compared with the results obtained from the headspace SPME approach. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

21—THE ACETYLATION OF COTTON

An account is given of a study of the effect of the amount of activating agent, the temperature, the catalyst, and the diluents used in the acetylation of cotton with perchloric acid as catalyst. Sulphuric acid was compared with perchloric acid as a catalyst. The effects of traces of water, the amount of acetyl chloride, and the rate of acetylation were studied in the acetylation of cotton with acetyl chloride and pyridine. The conditions in all cases were such that the acetylated cotton retained its fibrous form.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Biodegradation of genetically modified seeds and plant tissues during composting

BACKGROUND: The increasing global market of genetically modified (GM) crops amplifies the potential for unintentional contamination of food and feed with GM plants. Methods proposed for disposal of crop residues should be assessed to prevent unintended distribution of GM materials. Composting of organic material is inexpensive and location‐independent. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of composting for disposal of GM plants in terms of reducing seed viability and promoting the degradation of endogenous as well as transgenic DNA. RESULTS: Duplicate samples of corn kernels, alfalfa leaves, and GM canola seeds, meal and pellets were sealed in porous nylon bags and implanted in duplicate 85 000 kg (initial weight) feedlot manure compost piles. Samples were collected at intervals over 230 days of composing. Canola seeds and corn kernels were not viable after 14 days of composting with temperatures in the piles exceeding 50 °C. In all samples, PCR analyses revealed that plant endogenous and transgenic fragments were substantially degraded after 230 days of composting. Southern blotting of genomic DNA isolated from canola seeds identified differences in the persistence of endogenous, transgenic, and bacterial DNA. CONCLUSION: Composting GM and non‐GM plant materials with manure rendered seeds non‐viable, and resulted in substantial, although not complete, degradation of endogenous and transgenic plant DNA. This study demonstrates that composting could be effective for disposing of GM crops in the event of their inadvertent entry into the food or feed chain. Copyright © 2010 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd