共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Javad Barouei Ahmad Karbassi Hamid B. Ghoddusi Ali Mortazavi 《International Journal of Food Properties》2013,16(2):407-414
This study aimed to isolate and characterize Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in Liqvan Ewes' milk cheese. A total of 117 Lactic Acid Bacteria were isolated and identified phenotypically. They belonged to 4 genera and 17 species. The dominant LAB found in Liqvan cheese were from the genus Lactobacillus (75.21%) consisted of 70.08% facultatively heterofermentative and 5.12% obligately heterofermentative lactobacillus species. Other isolates were classified as Pediococci (5.12%), Enterococci (5.98%), and Leuconostocs (13.67%). Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei was the predominant species accounted for 36.75%. Likewise, predominant species of each genus were Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei, P. pentosaceus, E. faecalis, and Leu. lactis. The preponderance of isolates (86.32%) was referred to be as members of Non Starter Lactic Acid Bacteria (NSLAB). 相似文献
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E.F. Passos P.S. Monteiro R.C. Oliveira J.G.O. Martins H.G. Alves S.C.C. Brandão 《Journal of food science》1999,64(5):879-882
Based on an observed decrease of effective thermal conductivity of milk during coagulation, a heated thermistor sensor was developed for monitoring curd formation. The thermistor was heated with a constant direct current, and its voltage was measured during milk coagulation, indicating a drop after the enzymatic reaction. The sensor was studied in the laboratory for different milk acidities, rennet concentrations, added calcium chloride, and coagulation temperatures. It was also tested in a commercial cheese plant for more than a month. The cutting time established by the cheesemaker in 16 experiments was compared with a prediction equation, and the standard error of prediction was 1.9 min. 相似文献
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Up to six-fold increase in plasmin activity in milk did not significantly (p<0.05) affect the composition (moisture, protein, NaCl) of cheese, although a slight increase in moisture and decrease in protein content of the cheese was noted. Proteolysis in cheese increased with plasmin activity, resulting in improved flavor and overall quality of the cheese after 3 and 6 months ripening. Consistently, increasing the plasmin activity in milk about three-fold resulted in cheese of superior sensory quality. 相似文献
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《Journal of dairy science》1988,71(1):52-60
Treatment of refrigerated milk with 20 to 30 mM CO2 was evaluated as a method for extending storage-life by inhibiting growth of psychrotrophic bacteria. Generation times for each of five psychrotrophic pseudomonads were significantly longer when grown at 7°C in sterile milk treated with CO2 than when the same bacteria were grown in ungassed sterile milk.When raw milks were stored at 7°C and treated with CO2, the time required for aerobic plate counts to increase 10-fold was at least 24 h longer than in the same milks left untreated. Numbers of coliforms, psychrotrophs, and anaerobes (facultative and obligate) were significantly lower in raw milks treated with CO2 than in untreated milks incubated at 7°C for 6 d. 相似文献
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High Pressure Treatment of Milk and Effects on Microbiological and Sensory Quality of Cheddar Cheese
M.A. DRAKE S.L. HARRISON M. ASPLUND G. BARBOSA-CANOVAS B.G. SWANSON 《Journal of food science》1997,62(4):843-860
The effect of cycled high pressure treatment of milk on the yield, sensory, and microbiological quality of Cheddar cheese was investigated. Cheddar cheeses were made from pasteurized, raw, or pressure treated milk according to traditional methods. Flavor scores from trained dairy judges were not different for pasteurized and pressurized milk cheeses (P≤0.05). Percent moisture and wet weight yields of pressure treated milk cheeses were higher than pasteurized or raw milk cheeses (P≤0.05). Microbiological quality of pressurized milk cheeses was comparable to pasteurized milk cheeses. Texture defects were present in pressurized milk cheeses and were attributed to excess moisture. High pressure treatment of milk shows promise as an alternative to heat pasteurization prior to cheesemaking. 相似文献
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以不同盐添加量(1.0%、1.3%、1.8%和2.3%)牦牛乳硬质干酪为研究对象,分析牦牛乳硬质干酪0~6 个月成熟过程中生物胺的动态变化,并对干酪中产胺微生物进行筛选。结果显示:不同盐添加量牦牛乳硬质干酪中生物胺主要为色胺、β-苯乙胺、尸胺、酪胺和腐胺,未检测到组胺,生物胺积累阶段主要集中在成熟后期。不同盐添加量干酪中色胺含量最低,且在成熟后期含量差异较小。当盐添加量从2.3%减少到1.0%时,干酪中β-苯乙胺含量减少。盐添加量分别为1.0%和1.3%时,干酪中尸胺含量较低,且未检测出腐胺。当盐添加量在1.8%~2.3%时,随着盐添加量的增加,干酪中尸胺和腐胺含量整体呈现增加趋势。不同盐添加量干酪成熟过程中,其酪胺含量范围为3.13~49.81 mg/kg,且盐添加量为1.3%干酪中酪胺含量较高。不同盐添加量干酪中生物胺总量最高为304.18 mg/kg。采用显色培养基筛选出一株产胺微生物,经分子生物学鉴定为Enterococcus durans。 相似文献
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叙述了关于干酪生产过程中原料乳、化学处理、发酵剂、温度等因素对干酪品质影响的作用机理。同时也对干酪成熟过程中这些因素对干酪品质的影响进行了分析。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: This study characterizes and compares the sensory aspects of raw ewes' milk cheeses manufactured with and without the addition of a starter culture using specifically developed sensory terminology. Furthermore, overall organoleptic quality was assessed at each ripening stage. Two different raw ovine milk cheese batches were manufactured with and without the addition of a freeze-dried starter. Sensory differences in odor, flavor, and texture were related to starter and raw milk flora activities during manufacturing and ripening. Cheeses made with the addition of a starter culture were scored higher by quality experts. Cheeses manufactured without a starter culture received higher scores for dirty and animal attributes, such as rennet, butyric, sharp, pungent, and brine, possibly related to lower quality scores. Conclusions reached in the present study coincide with previous ones; however, by using a sensory lexicon specifically developed for ewes' milk cheeses, it has been possible to describe slight and specific differences in the cheeses. 相似文献
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以白牦牛乳为原料制作Mozzarella干酪,在单因素试验基础上采用Box-Behnken响应面法对发酵剂、CaCl_2、凝乳酶添加量进行优化,利用质构综合评分筛选最佳的工艺参数。结果表明,白牦牛乳Mozzarella干酪的最佳工艺参数为:发酵剂添加量0.24 g/L、CaCl_2添加量0.23 g/L、凝乳酶添加量0.04 g/L,此时白牦牛乳Mozzarella干酪质构综合评分为11.095,出品率为20.53%,感官评分为93.67。此工艺条件下制作的白牦牛乳Mozzarella干酪香味浓郁,质地均匀,软硬适度。 相似文献
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Simona Panelli Eva Brambati Cesare Bonacina Maria Feligini 《Journal of food science》2013,78(10):M1569-M1574
Clostridium tyrobutyricum has been identified as the main causal agent of the late blowing defect in cheese, with major effects on quality and commercial value. In this work, for the first time, we applied automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) approach to diagnose the presence of C. tyrobutyricum in raw milk before cheesemaking. A species‐specific primer set was designed and used for this original application of the ARISA. Sensitivity of detection, reproducibility of the fluorescent PCR assay, and repeatability of the capillary electrophoretic analysis of amplicons were evaluated using DNA extracted from milk added with known amounts of C. tyrobutyricum genome copies, ranging from 3 × 106 to 3. Results indicated that the sensitivity of the technique permits to detect the bacterium in all the samples. The reproducibility, evaluated by analyzing 3 sets of serial dilutions, resulted satisfactory, with little deviation within PCR reactions amplifying the same starting amount of template (standard deviations ≤ 0.1, coefficients of variation ≤ 3%). The peaks' fluorescence displayed an evident correspondence with the number of genome copies contained in each dilution. The capillary electrophoretic analysis, tested by running a single PCR product per dilution point in 10 repeats, resulted efficient and highly repeatable, with excellent coefficients of variation ≤ 2% and standard deviations ≤ 0.1 in all the sample sets. This application of ARISA gives good estimates of the total C. tyrobutyricum DNA content allowing a specific, fine‐scale resolution of this pollutant species in a complex system as milk. A further advantage linked to the automatization of the process. 相似文献
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P. Rodríguez-Alonso C. Fernández-Otero J.A. Centeno J.I. Garabal 《Journal of food science》2009,74(6):M284-M293
ABSTRACT: Antibiotic susceptibility against 19 antimicrobial agents was evaluated in isolates of the genera Lactococcus (46 isolates), Leuconostoc (22), Lactobacillus (19), Staphylococcus (8), Enterococcus (7), and Microccoccus/Kocuria (5) obtained from the predominant microflora of nonrecent and recent types of artisanal raw cow's milk cheeses. Beta-lactams showed broad activity against all genera, although leuconostocs and lactobacilli were highly resistant to oxacillin (80% to 95.5%). Resistance to aminoglycosides was frequent for lactococci and enterococci (particularly for streptomycin), whereas lower rates of resistance were detected for lactobacilli and leuconostocs. Technologically interesting traits for the food industry were distributed among isolates that showed different degrees of resistance to common antibiotics. However, isolates showing resistance to less than 2 antibiotics were mainly those with properties of greatest technological interest (acidifying activity, proteolytic/lipolytic activities, or diacetyl production). 相似文献
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High Hydrostatic Pressure for Accelerating Ripening of Goat's Milk Cheese: Proteolysis and Texture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
High hydrostatic pressurization is proposed for cheese ripening acceleration. Several treatments were used for accelerating ripening of goat's milk cheese: 50 MPa / 72 h, 400 MPa / 5 min and 400 MPa / 5 min followed by 50 MPa / 72 h all at 14 °C. Moisture content and pH were higher in 400 MPa treatments compared to the others. By measuring proteolysis indexes, 400 MPa treatments were found to accelerate ripening (14 d in contrast to 28 d conventionally) due to enhanced enzyme activity from inoculated starter culture. Sensory analysis indicated bitter notes in the accelerated ripened cheese. Pressurized cheeses were less crumbly and more elastic than control. 相似文献
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探究部分牛乳替代羊乳时Halloumi干酪的产率和品质。结果表明:提高原料乳中羊乳的体积比时,Halloumi干酪的产率、蛋白含量也显著提高,当牛羊乳的体积比为0∶1和1∶1时,产率分别高达12.03%和11.99%,两者差异性不显著(P>0.05);且羊乳的比率越高,Halloumi的硬度和咀嚼性显著越强(P<0.05),但弹性和凝聚性差异性不显著(P>0.05);但牛羊乳体积比1∶1的Halloumi干酪在气味和质地方面的得分显著高于牛羊乳的体积比为0∶1综合各项品质指标,最终确定牛羊比最佳配体积比为1∶1。 相似文献
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L. Tejada E. Sánchez R. Gómez M. Vioque J. Fernández-Salguero 《Journal of food science》2002,67(1):126-129
ABSTRACT: Most chemical components and water activity of an the Los Pedroches' brand ewes' milk cheese were not altered by frozen storage. Lactic acid concentration and pH were significantly different (p < 0.05) in control cheeses and those kept in frozen storage for 3 and 6 months from those stored for 9 months. Proteolysis continued slowly during frozen storage, with significantly higher rates of non protein nitrogen and amino acid nitrogen (p < 0.05) present at the end of the storage period. Counts of microorganisms, except for enterococci, tended to decrease during frozen storage. Freezing rates did not affect the chemical and microbiological characteristics studied. 相似文献
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通过测定不同可溶性氮含量以及采用尿素凝胶电泳法,研究了不同小牛皱胃酶添加量对牦牛乳硬质干酪3个月成熟过程中蛋白质降解的影响,并对干酪苦味进行了感官评价。研究表明:凝乳酶添加量对干酪p H 4.6SN和12%TCASN影响显著(P0.05),在成熟1个月时,不同凝乳酶添加量干酪p H 4.6SN之间差距较大,且凝乳酶添加量与干酪p H 4.6SN间存在较强线性关系。凝乳酶添加量对5%PTASN和游离氨基酸影响不显著(P0.05)。尿素凝胶电泳显示:干酪中αs-酪蛋白降解依赖于凝乳酶添加量,且降解程度大于β-酪蛋白。凝乳酶添加量对干酪苦味影响显著(P0.05),且随着凝乳酶添加量的增多,其苦味程度逐渐加重,但是大部分干酪苦味属于轻微苦味和中等程度苦味之间。干酪苦味与12%TCASN、αs-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白降解率之间具有较强相关性(Spearman相关系数0.7,P0.01)。 相似文献
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研究了宰前二氧化碳麻醉对罗非鱼肉肉品质的影响。本研究以敲头作为对照组,比较二氧化碳麻醉放血宰后于1±1℃下贮藏,测定7 d各组僵直度、pH值、质量耗损率、挥发盐基氮、感官评价、质构硬度和剪切力等指标。结果表明:宰前二氧化碳麻醉能延迟进入僵直期的时间,且有较高的初始pH和较低的最终pH。随贮藏时间的延长,两组的质量耗损率呈显著上升趋势,在宰后3 d内两组间无显著性差异,却在宰后4到7 d内,二氧化碳麻醉组要明显低于对照组。除宰后0 d和4到5 d外,二氧化碳麻醉组的TVB-N均明显低于敲头对照组。另外,两组间的质构恶化和感官评价在宰后无显著差异,但两组的剪切力和硬度以及感官评价在宰后第7 d要明显劣于0 d。结合各项指标,宰前二氧化碳麻醉比敲头致晕更适合于罗非鱼鱼片的生产加工。 相似文献