放热体系对镁合金反应热喷涂陶瓷涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用相同的陶瓷骨料和热喷涂工艺,放热体系分别为Al/CuO和Al-TiO2-B2O3,制备热喷涂陶瓷涂层,通过对涂层表面形貌观察、物相分析、孔隙率,耐酸性(5%醋酸),耐盐性(3.5%NaCl)测试比较放热体系对陶瓷涂层耐蚀性能影响。结果表明:与基体AZ31B相比,采用Al-CuO为放热体系的陶瓷涂层耐酸性提高23.37倍,耐盐性提高16.33倍,Al-TiO2-B2O3放热体系陶瓷涂层的耐酸性提高12.91倍,耐盐性提高7.46倍,Al-CuO放热体系陶瓷涂层耐蚀性优于Al-TiO2-B2O3放热体系陶瓷涂层。     

AZ31B镁合金表面喷熔Al涂层的组织和性能

目的提高AZ31B镁合金的耐蚀性。方法采用氧乙炔在AZ31B镁合金表面喷熔Al涂层,对喷熔的Al涂层进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析,采用能谱仪(EDS)对涂层进行面扫描检测涂层元素的分布情况。利用电化学分析法、浸泡试验检测喷熔涂层的耐蚀性,用维氏硬度计测试喷熔涂层的硬度。结果喷熔的Al涂层与AZ31B镁合金基体结合良好,呈现冶金结合。喷涂过程中,喷熔的Al涂层呈等轴晶生长。通过面扫描结果可知,喷熔涂层中发现Mg元素,说明基体中的Mg元素发生了扩散。通过电化学测试可知,喷熔Al涂层的自腐蚀电压为-1.45 V,比AZ31B镁合金的自腐蚀电压(-1.5 V)降低了0.05 V;喷熔Al涂层的自腐蚀电流密度为1.58×10~(-4) A/cm~2,约为AZ31B镁合金自腐蚀电流密度(8.66×10-4 A/cm2)的1/5。由浸泡实验可知,喷熔Al涂层的平均腐蚀速率约为AZ31B镁合金的1/5倍。喷熔Al涂层的显微硬度是AZ31B镁合金基体硬度的2.9倍。结论喷熔Al涂层的组织较好,性能比镁合金基体有所提高。     

在AZ91D表面SHS反应热喷涂Al-CuO系Al2O3基复相陶瓷涂层

采用SHS反应火焰喷涂技术,把Al-CuO系铝热剂引入到喷涂材料中,在AZ91D表面制备了Al2O3基复相陶瓷涂层.结果表明:SHS反应热喷涂层综合性能明显优于传统热喷涂层,传统热喷涂层的热震次数、开气孔率、耐蚀性和耐磨性分别为14次、17.4%、基体的24倍和8.5倍;而反应热喷涂层则分别为40次、15.2%、基体的37倍和10.6倍.若辅以Ni-Al合金打底,喷后重熔工艺可使反应喷涂层的综合性能进一步提高.     

Al2O3对硅酸盐矿物涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用热化学反应法在Q235钢基体表面制备陶瓷涂层.分别采用阜新(A)和内蒙古(B)的天然硅酸盐矿物为原料,以对比Al2O3对涂层耐蚀性能的影响.用XRD分析其相结构,并研究了涂层的耐蚀性.结果表明,涂层A与骨料相比新相有CaSiO3、AlPO4;涂层B有FeNi3、AlNi3、Al75Ni10Fe15和Cr2O3等新相.涂层A耐酸、盐性相对基体分别提高11.5倍和1.3倍,涂层B耐酸、盐性相对基体分别提高7.5倍和1.2倍.     

AZ31B合金固相反应型Al_2O_3基纳米复相陶瓷涂层热震性能研究

在镁合金AZ31B表面采用同相反应法制备了Al2O3基纳米复相陶瓷涂层,采用机械合金化(MA)制备了超细粉体,对粉体的相组成及粒度进行了测试,并用X射线衍射分析了涂层的相组成.结果表明,在MA后粉体的粒度接近纳米级;热固化后涂层中有Al2O3、TiB2、MgAl2O4、Zn6Al2O9和Ti3B4新相产生;涂层具有较好的抗热震性能,400℃耐热冲击达35次以上.     

AZ31镁合金高能微弧火花Al-Y合金化层腐蚀性能研究

为提高AZ31镁合金的耐蚀性,对高能微弧火花合金化技术制备的Al-Y涂层进行研究.涂层的耐蚀性采用极化曲线测试和浸泡腐蚀实验进行评价.涂层的结构采用金相、扫描电镜及其附带的能谱仪、物相衍射来表征.合金化过程中表面出现“喷溅特征“.实验得到均匀、致密的涂层.涂层厚度为22.5～30 μm,晶粒尺寸为1～1.5 μm.涂层由Al、Mg17Al12和Al3 Y金属间化合物组成.同原AZ31基材相比,Al-Y涂层的耐蚀性较高.浸泡实验表明Al-Y上形成的表面膜比AZ31上形成的表面膜在3.5wt%NaCl溶液中更能提供有效的保护.经初步分析,涂层中的Al和Y对改善耐蚀性均有益.     

放热体系对镁合金反应热喷涂陶瓷涂层耐蚀性能影响

采用相同的陶瓷骨料和热喷涂工艺,放热体系分别为A1-CuO和Al-TiO2-B2O3,制备热喷涂陶瓷涂层.通过对涂层表面形貌观察、物相分析、孔隙率、耐酸性(5％醋酸)、耐盐性(3.5％NaCl)测试,比较放热体系对陶瓷涂层性能的影响.实验结果显示:采用Al-CuO为放热体系的陶瓷涂层耐酸性提高23.37倍,耐盐性提高16.33倍,Al-TiO2-B2O3放热体系陶瓷涂层耐酸性提高12.91倍,耐盐性提高7.46倍,Al-CuO放热体系陶瓷涂层耐蚀性优于Al-TiO2-B2O3放热体系陶瓷涂层.     

镁合金AZ91HP表面激光重熔Al2O3涂层的组织及性能

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在AZ91HP镁合金表面制备了Al2O3陶瓷涂层.结果表明,由于受激光作用区温度场分布、陶瓷材料热物性参数和涂层厚度等因素的综合影响,激光重熔Al2O3涂层呈现出明显的分层结构特征.依据组织结构不同,可将其分为:由α-Al2O3柱状晶构成的表面熔凝区、具有团絮状形貌特征的烧结区以及保持原喷涂态结构特征的残留等离子喷涂层.由于激光重熔陶瓷涂层表面单相α-Al2O3柱状晶的形成,使其硬度及耐磨、耐蚀性均明显优于等离子喷涂Al2O3涂层和原始镁合金.     

AZ91D镁合金等离子喷涂Ni-Al/陶瓷涂层的组织和性能

以Ni-Al为粘结层,在AZ91D镁合金基体上等离子喷涂Ni-Al/Al2O3、Ni-Al/Al2O3-13%TiO2(Ni-Al/AT13)、Ni-Al/Al2O3-20%TiO2(Ni-Al/AT20)复合涂层及Ni-Al/Al2O3/Al2O3-13%TiO2/Al2O3-20%TiO2(Ni-Al/Al2O3/AT13/AT20)梯度涂层,利用SEM、EDS和XRD分析涂层的微观组织特征,通过硬度、拉伸和热震实验研究涂层硬度、结合强度和抗热震性能,并与直接喷涂Al2O3、AT20的涂层进行比较。结果表明:Ni-Al粘结层因"自粘结"效应与基体形成较为致密并具有冶金结合的界面,且与Al2O3、AT13和AT20陶瓷层互有渗透、交叉和啮合,涂层致密性及结合力大为提高,表现出优良的抗热震性能。Al2O3涂层主要由亚稳态γ-Al2O3组成,AT20涂层以Al2O3和Al2TiO5为主。镁合金表面喷涂Al2O3陶瓷层后硬度大幅提高,由于加入TiO2,AT13和AT20涂层的硬度略低于Al2O3涂层的。Ni-Al/Al2O3-TiO2复合陶瓷的涂层结合强度高于Ni-Al/Al2O3单一陶瓷涂层的,而Ni-Al/Al2O3/AT13/AT20梯度涂层的结合强度比Ni-Al/AT20涂层的更高。     

激光重熔改性等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层的组织及其耐腐蚀性能

以纳米Al2O3粉末为填料,采用激光重熔等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层技术,在45号钢表面制备了纳米改性Al2O3 13%(质量分数)TiO2/nano-Al2O3复合陶瓷涂层.用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜研究了纳米Al2O3改性后的陶瓷涂层的组织及涂层的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,在激光的作用下,原等离子喷涂层Al2O3 13%TiO2的片层状组织得以消除;激光重熔区亚稳相y-Al2O3转变为稳定相α-Al2O3,重熔层由α-Al2O3和TiO2组成.与等离子喷涂Al2O3及Al2O3 13%TiO2陶瓷涂层相比,纳米Al2O3改性后的Al2O3 13%TiO2/nano-Al2O3陶瓷涂层致密化程度明显提高,耐腐蚀性能也得到了明显的改善.     

Effects of electrode contact condition on electrical dynamic resistance during resistance spot welding

This study systematically investigates the effects of electrical resistance at the workpiece/electrode interface or electrode face on temperature dependent dynamic resistance during resistance spot welding (RSW). To evaluate temperature transport equations of mass, momentum, energy, species and magnetic field intensity in workpieces, the energy and magnetic equations in the electrode are solved. Contact resistances composed of constriction and film resistances are functions of hardness, temperature, electrode force and surface conditions. The results show that dynamic resistance is complicated due to different variations of film and constriction resistances with temperature at not only the faying surface but also the electrode face in the early stage, i.e. shorter than around 3 cycles. Dynamic resistance in this stage is fortunately insignificant to transport processes. When the power is off, dynamic resistance depends on competition between decreased bulk resistance and increased constriction resistance at the electrode face. Decreased constriction resistance at the electrode face reduces dynamic resistance and temperature.     

1Cr18Ni9钢热化学反应型玻璃质耐蚀陶瓷涂层研究

用热化学反应法在1Cr18Ni9钢基体上制备了SiO2-MgO低熔点玻璃陶瓷涂层,该涂层在热固化后产生新陶瓷相,该涂层具有良好的耐碱性和耐盐性。     

替加环素临床耐药性的研究进展

替加环素作为新一代四环素类抗生素,被用于治疗成人复杂性腹腔内感染和复杂性皮肤及软组织感染。随着临床的广泛使用,替加环素耐药性也屡见报道,或影响其临床疗效。本文对替加环素临床耐药性的研究进展,包括药理作用、临床应用、耐药性的发展以及可能的耐药机制进行综述。     

Ni-P/Ni-W-P双层化学镀的研究

用双层化学镀工艺取代传统的单层化学镀工艺，得到的Ni-P/Ni-W-P镀层比Ni-W-P镀层更均匀，细致；同时有着更好的硬度，耐磨性和耐蚀性能。     

硼砂浴内金属材料耐蚀性及抗氧化性的研究

通过对多种耐热不锈钢进行硼砂浴腐蚀及抗氧化试验,研究了各种耐热不锈钢在硼砂浴中的耐腐蚀性及高温抗氧化性。研究结果表明,材料中元素的种类及含量对硼砂浴炉用金属材料的使用寿命有较大影响,其中Ni、Cr元素对材料的耐蚀性及抗氧化性起着决定性作用。材料中Cr含量在20%左右及Ni含量在35%左右时得到最佳的耐蚀性。Cr含量与Ni含量之和不小于45%的材料的高温抗氧化性符合硼砂浴的使用要求。耐热不锈钢的腐蚀主要集中在硼砂浴与空气的交界面处,其他位置腐蚀较弱。硼砂浴中Na2O和B2O3的存在加速了耐热不锈钢的腐蚀。这些研究结果为硼砂浴用坩埚及工夹具的选材提供了依据。     

Fabrication of the Coatings for the High-temperature Oxidation Resistance on Hydrogen Resistance Steel

Alumina coating is used to improve the performance of high-temperature oxidation resistance,which can be fabricated on the surface of hydrogen resistance steel by two methods,thermal oxidation of arc ion plated Al coating and reactive magnetron sputtering.Elemental composition,structures and surface morphologies of the coating were analyzed and compared in this paper.The surface of the coatings,which was made by the first method,was composed of α-Al2O3 phase and internal was Fe-Al alloy phase.The Alumina coatings made by the second method were amorphous.In addition,appearances of Alumina coatings fabricated by these two methods were quit different,which were grey and transparent respectively.Both of the two kinds of coatings meet to the needs of high-temperature oxidation resistance.     

不锈钢电阻点焊过程中的动态电阻变化规律分析

对利用自动数据采集技术获取的不锈钢点焊过程中的动态电阻信息进行系统研究.结果表明,不锈钢点焊过程中动态电阻能够灵敏且有规律地反映点焊工艺参数的变化,蕴含着丰富的点焊质量信息.焊接过程中动态电阻变化与熔核生长过程具有明显的对应关系,动态电阻曲线的拐点时间及终点值等特征量分别与熔核出现时间和最终熔核尺寸有很强的相关性.点焊过程喷溅会导致动态电阻骤降,其动态电阻变化率曲线在相应位置出现尖峰,为喷溅的自动识别提供了依据.     

节能型搪瓷涂层烧成工艺及其性能研究

介绍了一种低温搪瓷釉的助熔剂,有效将搪瓷的烧成温度降至800℃以下,研究了烧成温度和保温时间对搪瓷层耐酸性能、抗机械冲击性能以及耐温急变性能的影响。结果表明:所制备搪瓷层的耐酸性能、抗冲击性能以及耐温急变性能都达到了国家优等品的标准,随着烧结温度的提高和保温时间的延长,搪瓷层的耐酸性能和抗机械冲击性能均提高。最后,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS分析了搪瓷层的传热性能,以及热应力对搪瓷层稳定性的影响。     

Preparation and Characterization of Ceramic Film on Drilling Pipe Joint

利用低压化学气相沉积技术（LPCVD）,在钻杆接头表面制取Ti、Cr、Al的氮化物、碳化物和氧化物构成的金属陶瓷膜层。陶瓷膜的特性通过SEM、EDS和XRD分析。结合性能和腐蚀性能分别通过划痕试验和腐蚀实验测试。结果表明：陶瓷膜层致密而均匀,膜厚度在15 μm左右,且在膜层与基体之间还形成了一层厚5 μm左右的过渡层。陶瓷复膜与基体材料结合性能良好,具有较好的致密性,不存在裂纹气孔等缺陷。陶瓷膜层有效阻隔了有害原子或离子与基体钢的接触,防止材料发生氢鼓泡、氢致开裂等,大大提高了钻杆接头材料的抗腐蚀性能     

The Effect of Boronizing on Metallic Alloys for Automotive Applications

In this study the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and oxidation resistance of boronized metallic alloys were investigated. Thermochemical treatment was performed by powder pack boronizing process at temperature 850-950 °C for 4 h. Saw-tooth morphology and smooth interface microstructures were observed with an optical microscope; microhardness was measured across the coating depth. The phases present in the boron coatings depend on the substrate material. High-temperature oxidation resistance was investigated and it was found that boron coating on ferrous alloys can resist temperatures up to 800 °C. The corrosion resistance of the boronized samples was improved and the corrosion rate was calculated for boronized and plain specimens. Wear testing was conducted by following the procedures of ASTM G99, ASTM D2526, and ASTM D4060. The obtained experimental results revealed that boronizing significantly improves the wear-resistance, corrosion-resistance, and oxidation resistance of metallic alloys. This article was presented at Materials Science & Technology 2007, Automotive and Ground Vehicles symposium held September 16-20, 2007, in Detroit, MI.