一种基于反馈机制的闭环图像去雾算法

针对目前去雾算法易受大气环境随机性和复杂性影响而造成自适应性不强的问题,该文提出一种具有反馈机制的自适应闭环去雾算法。该算法首先通过基于人眼视觉的特征认知评价进行参数初始化;然后利用去雾强度评价结果对反馈校正局部对比度参数进行调节,从而对去除加性光照后的图像进行自适应局部对比度提升;最后借鉴去雾后图像的自然度设定迭代终止条件,决定是否输出去雾结果。实验表明该算法能够自适应提升不同退化类型、不同退化程度下的雾天图像对比度,且去雾结果的信息熵和清晰度质量评价指标优于已有算法。     

基于大气散射模型的图像去雾及亮度增强算法

针对雾图能见度低和去雾图像亮度偏暗的问题,提出一种基于大气散射模型的双阶段去雾算法。首先使用线性变换估算复原图像亮度,使用拉伸方法估算复原图像饱和度,根据复原图像亮度、饱和度估算其最小通道,联合雾图最小通道获取粗糙透射率。在不同阶段分别使用双梯度代价函数、导向滤波优化粗糙透射率,依据大气散射模型复原图像和增强亮度。实验结果表明,所提算法复原图像更清晰明亮;图像综合质量、峰值信噪比和运行时间等客观指标均值优于所有比较算法,其中图像综合质量最少提高1.55倍,运行速度最少加速1.50倍。所提算法有效地增强了雾图的能见度和明亮度。     

Adaptive single image dehazing method based on support vector machine

A dehazing method often only shows good results when processing the image for a certain haze concentration. So an adaptive hazy image dehazing method based on SVM is proposed. The innovation points are as follows: Firstly, combining the characteristics of the degraded images of haze weather, the dark channel histogram and texture features of the input images are extracted to form the feature vectors. These are trained by supervised learning through SVM algorithm to realize automatic binary classification of images; Secondly, the defined dehazing methods are called to process the classified result as a hazy image and the same quality evaluation indexes are used to evaluate each image output by different dehazing methods. Then, it outputs the highest evaluation image after haze removal. Finally, the output image is classified again by SVM until the image reaches the clearest it can be. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm exhibits good contrast, brightness and color saturation from the visual effect. Also the scene adaptability and robustness of the algorithm are improved.     

雾霾天气下的车牌识别

在雾霾天气下,图像采集设备拍摄的图片存在一系列问题,如饱和度低、细节失真、画质模糊等。文中探索了雾霾天气下的车牌识别算法,按照图像去雾、车牌定位、字符分割与识别等步骤来解决雾霾天气下传统车牌识别系统效率低、鲁棒性差等问题。该算法采用暗通道去雾,经去雾算法处理后,图像对比度、信息梯度和信息熵均得到提升;选择数学形态和边缘检测定位车牌的准确位置;利用仿射变换矫正车牌区域,结合投影法分割字符,最后使用基于支持向量机模式的识别算法来识别字符。经过处理后,车牌识别能达到较高的准确率。     

视频图像去雾算法的自适应机制设计及FPGA加速实现

该文提出了一种自适应图像去雾算法,充分考虑不同复杂场景下的图像特征,建立了算法的自适应机制。该机制包含对图像是否有雾、是否为天空区域、滤波器尺寸等的自适应调整,解决了传统图像去雾算法在深度断层处可能产生的光晕效应等问题。该文同时对上述自适应图像去雾算法进行FPGA加速实现,实验结果表明,该文算法在XC7K325T型号FPGA视频处理平台上可以满足对1080P@60Hz视频去雾的实时性要求。对于大多数轻雾或浓雾场景,该文算法去雾后图像色彩自然无过饱和,全局对比度和饱和度提升比率均值为0.309和0.994,相比于本领域其他去雾算法优势明显。     

Aethra-net: Single image and video dehazing using autoencoder

A fast and efficient video dehazing system with low computational complexity has a huge demand among drivers during hazy winter nights. There are only a few video dehazing models that exist in literature. Video dehazing requires the sequential extraction and processing of frames. The processed frames must be restored in the same sequence as the original video. However, the existing video dehazing algorithms suffer from color distortion due to the continuous processing of frames. They are not suitable for videos with dense haze. Furthermore, some dehazing systems require hardware, whereas the proposed model is completely software-based to reduce the computational costs. In this paper, an image and video dehazing system called Aethra-Net is developed. A gush enhancer-based autoencoder is modified to obtain the transmission map. The structure of gush enhancement module resembles the processing of light entering the human eye from different paths. The multiple blocks of Resnet-101 layers are employed to overcome vanishing gradient problem. The vessel enhancement filter is also incorporated to enhance the performance of the proposed system. The proposed model has a susceptibility to compute the dehazed images effectively. The proposed model is evaluated on various benchmark datasets and compared with the existing dehazing techniques. Experimental results reveal that the performance of Aethra-Net is found superior as compared to the existing dehazing models.     

基于FPGA的视频实时去雾算法及其硬件实现

单幅图像去雾技术虽然已经取得较大的进展,但是算法较为复杂,运行时间较长.为了实现视频实时去雾,以硬件实现为目的,对暗通道先验算法进行改进,降低其时间复杂度.提出了一种暗通道图优化方法,保留了图像的边缘信息,消除了光晕效应,省去了透射率细化的复杂操作;提出了适应于硬件实现的大气光值估计和调节及透射率补偿方法,解决了视频帧间闪烁及天空等明亮区域的色彩失真问题.基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)对所提出算法进行了硬件实现.结果表明,该算法可以实时处理帧速为60 f/s、分辨率为1 920×1 080的视频图像,相比传统去雾算法速度更快,去雾质量更高.     

基于光照估计的夜间图像去雾

相对白天雾天图像,夜晚雾天图像具有整体亮度低、光照不均匀、偏色等特点,因此去雾难度大。本文从夜间雾天成像规律出发,提出了基于光照估计的夜间图像去雾算法。针对光照不均匀问题,通过估计光照图来去除不均匀光照的影响;针对目前白天去雾算法假设不适用于夜晚图像问题,提出基于信息熵的传输图粗估计的方法;针对颜色失真问题,通过统计光源区域的颜色属性来进行颜色校正。实验结果表明,本文算法能够有效的去除不均匀光照影响,提高图像对比度,改善图像视觉效果。     

基于多先验约束和一致性正则的半监督图像去雾算法

针对合成雾霾图像训练的去雾模型在真实场景中去雾效果不佳、对高层视觉任务性能提升不明显等问题,该文提出一种基于多先验约束和一致性正则的半监督图像去雾算法。该方法采用编码器-解码器网络结构,同时在合成雾霾图像与真实雾霾图像上学习去雾映射,并利用多种统计先验去雾结果作为真实雾霾图像参考真值进行半监督学习,同时通过多张真实雾霾图像的随机混合进行一致性正则约束,以消除多种先验去雾结果差异以及噪声干扰,提高图像去雾结果的视觉质量。实验对比结果表明,所提算法可比现有方法获得更好的真实场景去雾结果,并且能够显著提升高层视觉任务性能。     

Variational optimization based single image dehazing

In this paper, we present a new approach for single image dehazing based on the proposed variational optimization. A hazy image captures the information about haze in terms of the transmission map and object details present in it. We propose to estimate the initial transmission map by performing the structure-aware smoothing of the hazy image. Further, we formulated a variational optimization for the estimation of final transmission, which refines the initial transmission of a hazy image. Atmospheric light can be considered to be constant throughout the scene for practical purposes. The uniform atmospheric light is computed from the dark channel of a hazy image. The exhaustive experimentation shows that the performance of the proposed method is comparable or better.     

Single image dehazing using improved cycleGAN

Haze is an aggregation of very fine, widely dispersed, solid and/or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end network for single image dehazing, which enhances the CycleGAN model by introducing a transformer architecture within the generator, which is specific for haze removal. The proposed model is trained in an unpaired fashion with clear and hazy images altogether and does not require pairs of hazy and corresponding ground-truth clear images. Furthermore, the proposed model does not depend on estimating the parameters of the atmospheric scattering model. Rather, it uses a K-estimation module as the generator’s transformer for complete end-to-end modeling. The feature transformer introduced in the proposed generator model transforms the encoded features into desired feature space and then feeds them into the CycleGAN decoder to create a clear image. In the proposed model we further modified the cycle consistency loss to include the SSIM loss along with pixel-wise mean loss to produce a new loss function specific for the reconstruction task, which enhances the performance of the proposed model. The model performs well even on the high-resolution images provided in the NTIRE 2019 challenge dataset for single image dehazing. Further, we perform experiments on NYU-Depth and reside beta datasets. Results of our experiments show the efficacy of the proposed approach compared to the state-of-the-art in removing the haze from the input image.     

基于迁移学习的三子网图像去雾方法

目前大部分图像去雾算法只在一种或几种均匀雾图数据集中有较好的表现,对于不同风格或非均匀雾图数据集去雾效果较差,同时算法在实际应用中会因模型泛化能力差导致模型场景受限。针对上述情况,该文提出一种基于迁移学习的卷积神经网络(CNN)用于解决去雾算法中非均匀雾图处理效果不佳和模型泛化能力差等问题。首先,该文使用ImageNet预训练的模型参数作为迁移学习模型的初始参数,以加速模型训练收敛速度。其次,主干网络模型由3个子网组成:残差特征子网络、局部特征提取子网络和整体特征提取子网络。3子网结合以保证模型可从整体和局部两个方面进行特征提取,在现实雾场景(浓雾、非均匀雾)中获得较好的去雾效果。该文在模型训练效率、去雾质量和雾图场景选择灵活性3个方面进行了研究和改进,为衡量模型性能,模型选择在去雾难度较大的非均匀雾图数据集NTIRE2020和NTIRE2021上进行定量与定性实验。实验结果证明3子网模型在图像主观和客观评价指标两个方面都取得了较好的效果。该文模型改善了算法泛化性能差和小数据集难以进行模型训练的问题,可将该文成果广泛应用于小规模数据集和多变场景图像的去雾工作中。     

一种改进的透射率分布估计的夜间图像去雾算法

针对基于暗通道先验理论（dark channel prior, DCP）的去雾算法在处理夜间有雾图像时细节信息缺失、光源区域的纹理受损严重的问题,本文提出了一种改进的透射率分布估计的夜间图像去雾算法。通过引入暗态点光源模型、暗通道可信度权值因子和伪去雾图像,结合夜间图像成像模型,获取改进的透射率分布,对夜间降质图像进行去雾处理。实验结果表明,经本文算法处理后的图像在纹理细节上损失小、图像清晰度高,图像明暗对比度得到较好的拉伸,可以实现夜间有雾图像的有效去雾。     

A joint cumulative distribution function and gradient fusion based method for dehazing of long shot hazy images

Hazy or foggy weather conditions significantly degrade the visual quality of an image in an outdoor environment. It also changes the color and reduces the contrast of an image. This paper introduces a novel single image dehazing technique to restore a hazy image without considering the physical model of haze formation. In order to find haze-free image, the proposed method does not require the transmission map and its costly refinement process. Since haze effect is dependent on the depth, it severely degrades the visibility of the objects located at a far distance. The objects close to the camera are unaffected. In this paper, we propose a fusion-based haze removal method based on the joint cumulative distribution function (JCDF) that treats faraway haze and nearby haze separately. The output images after the JCDF module, fused in the gradient domain to produce a haze-free image. The proposed method not only significantly enhances visibility but also preserves texture details. The proposed method is experimented and evaluated on a large set of challenging hazy images (large scene depth, night time, dense fog, etc.). Both qualitative and quantitative measures show that the performance of the proposed method is better than the state-of-the-art dehazing techniques.     

结合线性景深和自适应雾浓度的去雾算法

针对图像去雾中由于景深和大气光估计不准确等问题,导致军事监测、目标检测、导航、无人驾驶等系统成像设备获取到的图像质量下降,提出一种结合线性景深估计和自适应雾浓度估计的去雾算法。首先,依照景深与亮度分量和饱和度的关系,利用双滤波优化二者高亮区域,结合线性转换建立线性模型估计景深。然后,提取纹理特征构造雾浓度模型求取自适应散射系数,通过所求景深与自适应散射系数得到透射率。最后,根据对雾图是否含有天空区域的判决,采用两种不同的大气光估计方法。实验结果通过与不同去雾算法定性和定量分析,所提出的方法在保留深度边缘、颜色质量及细节方面具有良好的有效性和鲁棒性,图像恢复质量也相对较佳。     

基于快速引导滤波改进的暗原色先验去雾算法

针对目前单幅雾霾降质图像存在大面积天空域,导致暗原色失效复原图像失真以及去雾时间复杂度高的问题.提出一种基于暗原色先验和快速引导滤波的去雾方法,针对存在高亮天空域图像多尺度滤波采用自适应阈值分割得到天空域,在天空域求取精确大气光值,再将天空域和非天空域透射率有效归一化,最后采用暗通道图作为引导图快速引导滤波精细化透射率,最大限度保留边缘细节的同时有效降低时间复杂度.实验结果表明,该方法可以有效处理天空域,保持色彩和细节信息,在算法实时性上有明显优势.     

基于天空区域分割与置信度图导向融合的去雾方法研究

基于暗通道先验的去雾算法总是存在复原结果中天空区域处理不佳等问题,为了进一步优化对传输函数的估计,本文提出一种基于置信度图导向融合的传输函数优化方法。首先,将雾天图像的天空区域分离出来,以达到对天空区域的优化;计算窗口级暗通道与像素级暗通道,以平滑传输函数在物体边缘并保留小于窗口尺寸的细节特征;最后,计算窗口级暗通道与像素级暗通道之间的置信度图,以其为导向对两者进行融合得到优化的传输函数图,实现图像去雾。实验结果表明,本文算法可达到很好的复原结果优化效果。     

基于暗原色先验去雾的改进算法

暗原色先验去雾方法在单幅图像去雾方面效果明显,但该方法算法复杂度高、处理耗时。针对该算法不足之处,在传统的暗原色先验去雾方法基础上,提出一种改进算法。改进算法通过高斯滤波和腐蚀对透射率图进行优化;同时,为避免原算法的冗余计算,采用了一种快速计算初始透射率方法;并且通过Gamma变换和对比度增强方法对去雾后图像进行亮度和对比度增强处理。实验结果显示,改进算法处理效果与原算法基本一致,算法效率得到显著提高,应用在视频增强领域可以达到准实时。     

基于半反图像的透射率优化降雾算法

传统的暗原色先验图像降雾算法在处理不满足暗原色先验假设的明亮区域时,估计的透射率不准确。从而导致降雾后的图像色彩出现较大偏差。针对这一不足,本文提出了一种基于半反图像的透射率优化降雾算法。该算法通过明亮区域检测来获取大气光,然后用自定义函数对图像中明亮区域透射率进行修正,最后利用引导滤波器优化初始透射率,恢复出清晰的降雾图像。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地处理图像中不满足暗原色先验假设的明亮区域,提高了户外视觉系统的鲁棒性。     

基于多尺度特征结合细节恢复的单幅图像去雾方法

为提高单幅图像去雾方法的准确性及其去雾结果的细节可见性,该文提出一种基于多尺度特征结合细节恢复的单幅图像去雾方法。首先,根据雾在图像中的分布特性及成像原理,设计多尺度特征提取模块及多尺度特征融合模块,从而有效提取有雾图像中与雾相关的多尺度特征并进行非线性加权融合。其次,构造基于所设计多尺度特征提取模块和多尺度特征融合模块的端到端去雾网络,并利用该网络获得初步去雾结果。再次,构造基于图像分块的细节恢复网络以提取细节信息。最后,将细节恢复网络提取出的细节信息与去雾网络得到的初步去雾结果融合得到最终清晰的去雾图像,实现对去雾后图像视觉效果的增强。实验结果表明,与已有代表性的图像去雾方法相比,所提方法能够对合成图像及真实图像中的雾进行有效去除,且去雾结果细节信息保留完整。