整合纸基微流控检测芯片的食药纸包装

目的探索纸质食品、药品包装与纸基微流控检测芯片的整合方法与规律。方法在传统纸质食品或药品包装的内表面,通过喷蜡打印的方法,整合具有特定生物化学检测作用的纸基微流控芯片,并探索微流体在包装内表面构成的纸基微流控芯片中的运用规律。结果通过喷蜡打印,成功地将纸基微流控芯片整合在了传统纸质食药包装的内表面,经过测试可以完成液体pH检测等基础生物化学检测应用。结论将纸基微流控芯片与食药纸质包装相结合,为食品、药品的实时和现场自我检测提供了新的思路和手段,该方法不仅成本低廉、易于操作,且检测精度高。     

生物微流控PCR荧光芯片微通道动态检测系统研究

研究和建立了生物微流控PCR荧光芯片微流控微通道动态检测系统,对该系统的多光路光纤校准进行了研究,获得了荧光检测的重复性(偏差:2.6%)和稳定性(偏差》2.7%)等.实验结果表明:该系统可用于准分子激光制备高聚物基生物微流控PCR荧光芯片最佳工艺激光制备参数的优化设计;可用于生物微流控PCR荧光芯片生物分析时的实时荧光定量检测;也可用于对激光荧光检测微型化技术与生物芯片光谱检测集成化提供多功能实验基础和性能评估体系.     

印刷法制备功能芯片的研究进展

目的概述印刷芯片的制备方法和研究现状,开拓印刷技术的研究思路和应用场景,为印刷芯片的发展提供参考。方法从印刷材料、印刷方法和芯片应用3个方面介绍近年来印刷芯片的研究进展,重点对比各种印刷方法的关键科学问题及特点,并且指出芯片印刷的发展方向。结果基于印刷方法在大面积制备、材料兼容性、绿色环保等方面的优势,印刷芯片在显示、能源、生物、智能包装等诸多方面快速发展,不过仍然面临高精度、规模化、功能集成方面的挑战。结论通过更好地调控印刷过程中液滴成型,构筑功能材料精细微纳结构,实现高精度器件与芯片全印刷制造。未来在实现智能、自动、互联化功能芯片制造的同时,发展绿色可持续印刷新策略。     

纸基超疏水材料制备及应用的研究进展

目的 使相关研究者快速了解纸基超疏水材料的制备方法和应用,并为开发新型纸基超疏水材料提供思路和参考。方法 对超疏水的理论模型进行概述,按照制备方法分类总结纸基超疏水材料的研究进展,对各类制备方法的优缺点进行评述。结果 制备纸基超疏水材料的方法主要有表面涂布法、静电纺丝技术、浸渍涂布法、表面化学改性法、层层组装法、相分离法、非溶剂蒸汽法、超临界溶液快速膨胀技术等,其中表面涂布法和浸渍涂布法具有成本低廉、操作简单、易于实现大规模生产等优点,应用最为广泛。结论 纸基超疏水材料的绿色制备及多功能纸基超疏水材料的开发是该领域未来发展的主要方向。     

基于微流控芯片技术的小尺寸微米级液滴制备

利用微流控芯片技术制备的皮升级微量液滴,作为独立的微反应器,由于其比表面大,高通量等优势,在生物、医学、化学、物理等领域得到了广泛应用。本工作利用软光刻技术制备流聚焦型微流控芯片,研究了微流控芯片中连续相和分散相的流速对微量液滴尺寸的影响。结果显示,增加连续相流速时,微量液滴的尺寸减小;而加快分散相流速时,微量液滴的尺寸增大。当微流控芯片的通道尺寸固定后,由于分散相和连续相的界面张力不变,通过改变连续相和分散相的流速,微量液滴的尺寸范围有限,本工作中微量液滴的尺寸为几百微米至25μm。本工作探究了微流控芯片中如何制备尺寸小于25μm的微量液滴的方法。通过添加活性剂,改变连续相和分散相的界面张力,可实现制备尺寸为10μm的微量液滴。本工作所利用的微量液滴制备方法,制备的10μm大小液滴具备更高的比表面积,反应活性将会更大、在药物释放,颜色显示等领域将有广阔应用前景。     

基于微流控芯片的一种蛋白检测方法

利用MEMS技术制作石英玻璃材料的微流控芯片,在自行研制的紫外可见吸收检测系统上,实现了芯片上对牛血清蛋白BSA、人免疫球蛋白IgG和人转铁蛋白TRF及它们的混合溶液的分离检测,结果重复性较好。实验提供了一种微流控芯片分离检测蛋白的手段,它是一种快速低成本的检测蛋白的方法。     

柔性电子器件集成与其在包装上的应用

目的 分析柔性电子和柔性基底的发展现状、趋势和前景,为促进智能包装的进一步发展提供参考.方法 先从柔性基底材料入手,梳理常见基底材料性能;再综述柔性电子器件集成的研究现状及主要的集成技术,并讨论其在包装上的应用.结论 具有较好柔韧性和降解性的纸基可作为柔性电子集成的基底材料,结合柔性印刷电子技术和传统硅基电子技术的优势,将柔性电子器件通过蛇形互联结构集成并封装在柔性基底上,从而制备集成可拉伸的微系统,且随着新型印刷电子材料、印刷工艺、新技术和新设备的不断涌现,柔性电子器件集成于柔性基底上并应用于包装将成为一大研究热点.     

生物纳流控芯片控制电极的设计与制备

纳流控芯片可以通过控制电极产生的场致效应对生物大分子的运动进行操纵,在痕量生物分子的探测、分离与富集等方面,具有广阔的应用前景。本文依据生物分子操纵芯片的结构和功能,设计并绘制了芯片电极的结构模型;利用ANSOFT软件对芯片控制电极进行静电场分析,并根据模拟结果对芯片电极图案进行了优化;采用磁控溅射方法,结合设计加工的掩模,直接在玻璃纳流控芯片背面沉积了芯片控制电极图案,成功制备了生物分子操纵芯片的控制电极。实验结果表明,采用结构优化分析、借助掩模直接磁控溅射制备玻璃纳流控芯片背电极,缩短设计周期、简化制作工艺,满足芯片控制电极的功能设计需求,是一种简便有效的设计与制备纳流控芯片的方法。     

国家纳米科学中心在条码化纸基芯片的大规模制造及其在即时检验中的应用研究取得重要进展

正近日,国家纳米科学中心蒋兴宇研究员、张伟研究员和杨明珠博士通过纸的堆叠和切削加工技术,开发了一种条码化纸基芯片的大规模制造方法和一种可用条码读取器进行结果读出的多重检测方法,为传统材料(纸)的新功能和新应用开发提供了思路。纸基芯片因其检测速度快、操作简便、可便携和成本低廉等优势,被广泛应用于装备简陋的实验室和资源匮乏的地     

硅基PZT压电薄膜微开关的设计和制作

对硅基锆钛酸铅（PZT）压电薄膜微开关进行了结构和版图设计，根据MEMS加工工艺和标准硅基IC工艺的特点，获得了硅基PZT压电薄膜微悬臂梁结构系统工艺流程中的关键工艺技术和典型工艺条件，对多孔硅的选择性生长进行了较为详细的实验研究，最后成功的制备出硅基PZT压电薄膜微开关样品，这对集成化芯片系统的进一步发展打下了必要的良好的实验基础。     

凝固科学技术与材料

从凝固科学与实践发展的角度介绍了当前凝固材料体系的基本框架和凝固科学主要发展阶段的基本理论。作为材料科学与工程的基本组成，凝固科学技术正在现代科学理论的基础上针对传统材料的改性提高和新材料的发展需求，以控形、控构、控性为目标开展优质铸件的定向、晶体生长、快凝、深过冷及各种新型和超常领域凝固过程的研究，并介绍了其中某些方面和展望了可能的发展趋势。     

Development and challenges of planning and scheduling for petroleum and petrochemical production

Production planning and scheduling are becoming the core of production management, which support the decision of a petrochemical company. The optimization of production planning and scheduling is attempted by every refinery because it gains additional profit and stabilizes the daily production. The optimization problem considered in industry and academic research is of different levels of realism and complexity, thus increasing the gap. Operation research with mathematical programming is a conventional approach used to address the planning and scheduling problem. Additionally, modeling the processes, objectives, and constraints and developing the optimization algorithms are significant for industry and research. This paper introduces the perspective of production planning and scheduling from the development viewpoint.     

江澳两地高校文创设计的协同研究与商业实践

目的 探索江门世遗文化的传承、发展和转化的新思路,践行国家在《粤港澳大湾区发展规划》纲要中要求江门承担与港澳地区文化创意合作与开发任务的分工。方法 与澳门高校紧密合作,开展专业培训课程,以开平碉楼为例,从人文视角开展设计研究,梳理开平碉楼的文化脉络,把世遗文化的元素和其背后的文化融入文创产品中,提升文创产品的附加值,推动当地文创产业结构的变革。结果 两地高校构建了稳定的科研团队,开设长期有效的设计培训课程,与景区建立了研究协作关系,帮助景区构建了一套产销研的商业模式。结论 以跨区域高校合作为平台,以文创产品为抓手,依托江澳两地的资源优势,可以构建江门世遗文化全新的品牌形象,最终推动开平世遗文化的活化。     

Error and uncertainty in modeling and simulation

This article develops a general framework for identifying error and uncertainty in computational simulations that deal with the numerical solution of a set of partial differential equations (PDEs). A comprehensive, new view of the general phases of modeling and simulation is proposed, consisting of the following phases: conceptual modeling of the physical system, mathematical modeling of the conceptual model, discretization and algorithm selection for the mathematical model, computer programming of the discrete model, numerical solution of the computer program model, and representation of the numerical solution. Our view incorporates the modeling and simulation phases that are recognized in the systems engineering and operations research communities, but it adds phases that are specific to the numerical solution of PDEs. In each of these phases, general sources of uncertainty, both aleatory and epistemic, and error are identified. Our general framework is applicable to any numerical discretization procedure for solving ODEs or PDEs. To demonstrate this framework, we describe a system-level example: the flight of an unguided, rocket-boosted, aircraft-launched missile. This example is discussed in detail at each of the six phases of modeling and simulation. Two alternative models of the flight dynamics are considered, along with aleatory uncertainty of the initial mass of the missile and epistemic uncertainty in the thrust of the rocket motor. We also investigate the interaction of modeling uncertainties and numerical integration error in the solution of the ordinary differential equations for the flight dynamics.     

Density and viscosity of tetralin and trans-decalin

New measurements are reported for the density and viscosity of tetralin and trans-decalin. The density was determined from room temperature to 60°C for tetralin and to 95°C for trans-decalin. The kinematic viscosity was measured up to temperatures slightly above 100°C. Our results improve upon the values recommended by the American Petroleum Institute for these liquids.     

Creation and motion of dislocations and fracture in metal and silicon crystals

By making a step on one surface ( ) of a rectangular small paralellepiped copper crystal, dislocations could be created by the molecular dynamic method. The dislocation created was not a complete edge dislocation but a pair of Heidenreich-Shockley partial dislocations. Each time a dislocation was created, the stress on the surface was released. Small copper crystals having a notch were pulled (until fracture), compressed and buckled by use of the molecular dynamic method. An embedded atom potential was used to represent the interaction between atoms. Dislocations were created near the tip of the notch. A very sharp yield stress was observed. The results of high speed deformations of pure silicon small crystals using the molecular dynamics are presented. The results suggest that plastic deformation may be possible for the silicon with a high speed deformation even at room temperature. Another small size single crystal, the same size and the same surfaces, was compressed using molecular dynamic method. The surfaces are {110}, {112} and {111}. The compressed direction was [111]. It was found that silicon crystals are possible to be compressed with a high speed deformation. This may suggest that silicon may be plastically deformed with high speed deformation.     

SMC／BMC的回收与再利用

SMC／BMC废弃物对工业及环境造成了很大影响，指出了SMC／BMC回收再利用的紧迫性。通过对目前国际上SMC／BMC回收再利用的3种典型途径优缺点的对比，参照国外SMC／BMC回收再利用的先进方法，对我国SMC／BMC回收再利用提供了可行的建议．     

The Candela and Photometric and Radiometric Measurements

The national measurement system for photometric and radiometric quantities is presently based upon techniques that make these quantities traceable to a high-accuracy cryogenic radiometer. The redefinition of the candela in 1979 provided the opportunity for national measurement laboratories to base their photometric measurements on optical detector technology rather than on the emission from high-temperature blackbody optical sources. The ensuing technical developments of the past 20 years, including the significant improvements in cryogenic radiometer performance, have provided the opportunity to place the fundamental maintenance of photometric quantities upon absolute detector based technology as was allowed by the 1979 redefinition. Additionally, the development of improved photodetectors has had a significant impact on the methodology in most of the radiometric measurement areas. This paper will review the status of the NIST implementation of the technical changes mandated by the 1979 redefinition of the candela and its effect upon the maintenance and dissemination of optical radiation measurements.