Preparation and gas-sensing property of ZnO nanorod-bundle thin films

ZnO nanorod-bundle thin films have been synthesized by a simple self-assembly method with the aid of F₁₂₇ (EO₁₀₆-PO₇₀-EO₁₀₆) triblock copolymer. Their morphologies and crystal structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). SEM results showed that films were composed of a lot of bundles, which comprised nanorods with the diameter of about 10 nm. The possible formation mechanism of ZnO nanorod-bundle structures is proposed. Gas-sensing property of thin films, to alcohol, was also detected. It was also found that the sensitivity, to 100 ppm alcohol, of ZnO nanorod-bundle thin films was higher than that of ZnO nanoparticle thin films. The results showed that the triblock copolymer, served as the surfactants, could effectively control the morphologies and the aspect ratio of nano-ZnO, and then improve its gas-sensing property.     

Microstructure and gas-sensing properties of sol-gel ZnO thin films

The paper presents the properties of zinc oxide thin films deposited on glass substrate via dip-coating technique. Zinc acetate dehydrate, ethanol and monoethanol amine were used as starting materials and N₂ gas was used as thermal annealing atmosphere for film crystallization. The effect of withdrawal speed on the crystalline structure, morphology, zinc and nitrogen chemical states, optical, electrical and gas-sensing properties of the thin films has been investigated using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical transmittance and photoreduction-ozone reoxidation data.     

氧化锌空心球的制备及其气敏性能研究

以新制的碳球为模板在溶液相中制备了氧化锌空心球,并制成气敏元件,进行了气敏性能测试。结果表明,氧化锌空心球气敏元件对乙醇、丙酮和三乙胺有很好的敏感性。尤其是对三乙胺和乙醇分别在175℃和400℃表现出高的灵敏度和快的响应特性。     

Facile synthesis of porous ZnO microbelts and analysis of their gas-sensing property

Porous ZnO microbelts were achieved using a facile chemical solution method combined with subsequent calcination. The micro-nanostructures were characterized through X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller N₂ adsorption-desorption analyses, among others. The BET surface area of the porous ZnO microbelts was calculated at 23.0 m² g⁻¹. Furthermore, the gas sensing properties of the as-prepared porous ZnO microbelts were investigated using volatile organic compounds. Compared with ZnO microflowers, the porous ZnO microbelts exhibited higher response with certain organic vapors, such as formaldehyde, acetone, and ethanol. The responses to 100 ppm formaldehyde, acetone, and ethanol were 45.7, 40.6, and 38.4, respectively, at a working temperature of 300 °C. The results showed that the porous ZnO microbelts are highly promising candidates for gas sensing applications.     

晶面择优取向ZnO纳米棒阵列膜的制备及其光催化活性研究

采用简单、低温的方法,在修饰过的Zn片上成功制备出具有高度取向的ZnO纳米棒阵列.用SEM、XRD和PL技术对制备出的ZnO纳米棒的结构和谱学特性进行了表征,并通过降解甲基橙溶液研究了其光催化活性.结果表明,ZnO纳米棒是六方钎锌矿晶,与基底垂直,具有沿(002)晶面择优生长的特征.统计结果显示,湿化学反应24h后90%以上的ZnO纳米棒直径为80～140nm,长度为4μm.在PL谱中观察到3个荧光发射带,中心波长分别位于386nm的紫带、524nm的绿带和450～500nm附近的蓝带.ZnO纳米棒的光催化反应为一级反应,表观速率常数与甲基橙的初始浓度有关.     

RF magnetron sputtered Cd doped ZnO thin films for gas-sensing applications

RF magnetron sputtering has been employed to manufacture undoped and Cd doped (3%, 10%, and 20%) ZnO (CZO) films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the films have preferential orientation along (002) plane with hexagonal structure, and there are no secondary peaks. It is observed from the Hall Effect measurement that CZO films posses n-type conductivity, and the carrier concentration does not vary much with Cd concentration. On the other hand, the band gap estimated from Tauc’s plot shows that band gap decreased with increase in Cd concentration. Red shift was observed in photoluminescence spectrum. Ethanol, methanol, and ammonia at gas concentration range of 50–200?ppm were exposed on the grown CZO films at different temperatures. Among the various concentrations of the films, CZO having 20% Cd exhibited better gas response toward methanol, while CZO with 10% Cd showed maximum gas response toward ammonia gas. This has been explained by grain boundary barrier (GBB) and double Schottky potential barrier mechanisms.     

Preparation and gas-sensing characteristics of nanocrystalline spinel zinc ferrite thin films

Zinc ferrite is a promising sensor material. In this paper, thin films of nanocrystalline zinc ferrite were deposited on alumina substrates by nebulization of a 0.01-M solution of a mixture of ZnCl/sub 2/ and FeCl/sub 3/ in ethanol (Zn:Fe=1:2) followed by pyrolysis and annealing in flowing air. The resulting films were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and the gas-sensing properties of as-deposited films were also investigated.     

纳米ZnO晶体的制备及其荧光性能研究

采用直接沉淀法，通过改变沉淀剂（氨水、NaOH）及反应时间制备纳米ZnO粒子，并通过扫描电子显微镜、荧光显微镜对所得产物的形貌及其荧光性能进行分析表征。结果显示：不同沉淀剂制备的ZnO纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸均不相同，用Zn（NO3）2和NH3．H2O反应可制得花状的纳米粒子，而用Zn（NO3）2和NaOH反应则会生成球状的纳米粒子，其尺寸分别为500和200nm左右；反应前期，反应时间主要影响粒子的尺寸，随反应时间的增加粒子的形貌也发生变化；与以NaOH为沉淀剂制备的纳米ZnO粒子相比，以氨水为沉淀剂制备的纳米ZnO粒子具有好的荧光性能。     

Preparation and photoelectric properties of La-doped ZnO films

Among the various semiconducting metal oxide materials, ZnO films are highly attractive in the development of materials area. In order to improve the photoelectric properties of ZnO films, La-doped ZnO films were prepared by sol–gel method and the changes in conductive properties, light transmission and structure of the doped ZnO films were investigated. The research result shows that the La doping can improve the conductivity of the ZnO films, and when the La concentration increased, the resistivity first decreased and then increased, showing the “U” shaped variation. The resistivity of modified ZnO films drops to the lowest point of 1.84 Ω cm when the annealing temperature is 450 °C and La³⁺ concentration is 0.35 mol%. La doping can also improve the transmittance of ZnO films. The transmittance at the visible region of films is all over 82 %, and the highest value is up to 97 %. Annealing temperature also has an important impact on the electrical conductivity of the films: the resistivity declined further to 0.92 Ω cm as annealing temperature increased to 500 °C. But due to grain growth, it is not conducive to the improvement of light transmission properties.     

氧化锌/氧化镁纳米复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用微波辅助共沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌/氧化镁(ZnO/MgO)光催化剂,并对催化剂样品进行了X射线衍射、透射电镜、红外光谱以及紫外-可见吸收光谱等表征。以亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物对不同锌镁比的ZnO/MgO催化剂样品及相同方法下合成的ZnO及MgO进行光催化降解实验。结果表明:合成的纳米ZnO/MgO光催化剂由立方相的ZnO和非晶相的MgO组成,其尺寸均匀,在40nm左右,并在紫外区域吸收性能良好。光催化降解MB实验表明,锌镁比为2∶1时ZnO/MgO催化剂的光催化性能最佳。     

Solvent thermal synthesis and gas-sensing properties of Fe-doped ZnO

In this study, pure ZnO microbullets, ZnO–ZnFe₂O₄ composite, and ZnO–Fe₂O₃–ZnFe₂O₄ composite with micron structured balloons, rods, and particles were prepared by a simple solvent thermal process using methanol or ethanol as solvents. The influence of solvents on the composition and morphology of the products was studied, and their gas-sensing properties were also investigated. The morphology of ZnO microbullets synthesized in ethanol is similar to but more uniform than that of ZnO microbullets synthesized in methanol. The Fe-doped ZnO synthesized in ethanol contains many micron particles homogeneously dispersing on the surface of the microbullets, which is composed of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO and franklinite ZnFe₂O₄, while Fe-doped ZnO prepared in methanol consists of micron structured balloons, rods, and particles, which is composed of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO, hematite Fe₂O₃, and franklinite ZnFe₂O₄. Compared with pure ZnO and ZnO–ZnFe₂O₄ composite, the ZnO–Fe₂O₃–ZnFe₂O₄ composite presented high response, rapid response/recovery characteristics, good selectivity, and excellent stability to acetone at relatively low operating temperature of 190 °C. This sensor could detect acetone in wide range of 1–1000 ppm, which was expected to be a promising gas sensor for detecting acetone.     

Preparation of manganese-doped ZnO thin films and their characterization

In this study, pure and manganese-doped zinc oxide (Mn:ZnO) thin films were deposited on quartz substrate following successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The film growth rate was found to increase linearly with number of dipping cycle. Characterization techniques of XRD, SEM with EDX and UV–visible spectra measurement were done to investigate the effect of Mn doping on the structural and optical properties of Mn:ZnO thin films. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction reveals that polycrystalline nature of the films increases with increasing manganese incorporation. Particle size evaluated using X-ray line broadening analysis shows decreasing trend with increasing manganese impurification. The average particle size for pure ZnO is 29·71 nm and it reduces to 23·76 nm for 5% Mn-doped ZnO. The strong preferred c-axis orientation is lost due to manganese (Mn) doping. The degree of polycrystallinity increases and the average microstrain in the films decreases with increasing Mn incorporation. Incorporation of Mn was confirmed from elemental analysis using EDX. As the Mn doping concentration increases the optical bandgap of the films decreases for the range of Mn doping reported here. The value of fundamental absorption edge is 3·22 eV for pure ZnO and it decreases to 3·06 eV for 5% Mn:ZnO.     

Mn掺杂ZnO纳米材料的制备与性能研究

采用射频磁控溅射法在Si（100）衬底上沉积过渡族金属Mn掺杂的ZnO薄膜。将5％及7％原子比的MnO，与ZnO粉末充分混合后，加压制成靶材，通过改变溅射过程中的气氛和衬底温度沉积了Zn1-xMnxO薄膜。x射线衍射和场发射扫描电镜的分析表明：掺入≤7％的Mn原子不会改变薄膜的晶体结构，薄膜呈高度（002）晶面择优取向；薄膜表面均匀致密，颗粒尺寸约为30hm；Mn的掺入使薄膜的电学性能明显改善，但氧分压的使用或者Mn含量过大又会使薄膜的电阻率增加。     

Cu/ZnO复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

采用化学沉积法,在纳米ZnO种子的表面沉积金属Cu纳米颗粒合成复合材料。利用XRD、FESEM、TEM和TGA对样品成分、形貌和结构进行了表征分析,并测试了样品的光催化性能。结果表明,Cu纳米颗粒成功负载于ZnO纳米粒子表面。对于Cu与ZnO合成的复合催化剂,金属Cu的含量有一个最佳的范围,此时催化剂的光催化性能优于纯ZnO。当Cu2+的加入量为38.6%(质量分数)时,复合颗粒的光催化性能在紫外光和可见光光源下均达到最优。     

ZnO∶Li压电薄膜制备及其性能研究

ZnO薄膜的高阻特性在压电方面的应用极为重要.采用sol-gel法在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si衬底上制备了c轴择优取向优良、电阻率高和化学计量比好的掺Li＋（Li/Zn摩尔比分别为0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20）ZnO压电薄膜.研究了退火温度、掺杂浓度对ZnO薄膜晶体质量和电学特性的影响.XRD结果表明,ZnO薄膜的c轴择优取向度受退火温度和掺杂浓度的强烈影响;I-V测试表明,掺Li^＋后薄膜的电阻率显著提高,当Li＋掺杂浓度为0.10（Li/Zn摩尔比）、退火温度为600℃时其电阻率达109Ω@cm;XPS分析结果表明,Li＋掺杂对ZnO薄膜中O1s和ZnL3M45M45的结合能以及Zn/O比都有一定的影响,掺杂后化学计量比更好.     

In2O3基酒敏材料的催化及气敏性能

采用微反-气相色谱联用装置和气敏性能测试设备,系统评价了不同粒径、不同掺杂的Ia2O3材料对乙醇的催化、气敏性能.研究表明,采用纳米材料可将乙醇灵敏度由6.0提高到16.0,掺杂碱性金属氧化物将灵敏度提高到14.0;掺杂贵金属可大幅度提高材料对乙醇的催化活性,但降低对乙醇的灵敏度.材料的气敏性能和催化性能存在密切的联系,浅析了材料对乙醇的敏感机理.     

ZAO导电膜的制备与性能分析

采用ZnO、Al2O3 (2.5％(质量分数))靶材,真空腔温度保持在40℃左右,运用电子束蒸发法制得系列的ZnO∶Al(ZAO)薄膜.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、光学显微镜、紫外-可见近红外光谱仪、四探针测试仪等仪器对薄膜进行了测定.薄膜呈c轴择优取向的六角纤锌矿结构；具有致密平滑的表面形貌；最佳工艺下样品在702nm...