La_(0.6)Pr_(0.4)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)B_(0.2)合金及其氢化物磁热性能研究

采用工业纯原料感应熔炼制备出公斤级La_(0.6)Pr_(0.4)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)B_(0.2)合金,经退火后通过吸氢处理提高其居里温度到室温附近。研究了在1373~1473 K温度下经不同时间和温度退火对合金微观组织结构的影响。实验发现在1473 K经30 h退火样品的居里温度为202 K,在0~1.5 T变化磁场下的最大磁熵变达8.1~8.6 J/kg·K。在0.13 MPa氢气压力下,经553 K吸氢5 h氢化处理合金的居里温度为320 K,最大磁熵变达7.7~8.0 J/kg·K。     

MnCo_(0.95)Cu_(0.05)Ge合金的磁性及其磁热效应

采用真空电弧炉熔炼法制备MnCo_(0.95)Cu_(0.05)Ge合金,并分别利用X射线衍射和物性测量系统研究了其结构、磁性和磁热效应。室温下的X射线衍射数据表明,样品呈现六角(Ni_2In型)单相结构;随着温度降低,样品发生顺磁-铁磁二级相变,其居里温度T_C约为257 K。T_C以下样品呈现强铁磁性,这主要是由次晶格Mn-Mn原子间的交换作用引起的。在T_C附近,合金样品显示了巨大的磁热效应;当外加磁场变化为2、5和7 T时,最大磁熵变分别达到了4.49、10.19和13.64 J/(kg·K),相对应的制冷量分别为103.27、249.66和347.82 J/kg。     

MnFeP_(0.63)Ge(0.12)Si_(0.25)B_x(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)化合物的磁热效应

对MnFeP_(0.63)Ge_(0.12)Si_(0.25)B_x(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,原子分数)化合物的结构和磁热效应(MCE)进行了研究.XRD分析结果表明:MnFeP_(0.63)Ge_(0.12)Si_(0.25)B_x(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)的主相均为Fe_2P型六角结构,空间群为P62m.随着B含量的增加晶格常数a增大c减小,晶胞体积基本保持不变.磁性测量表明:随着B含量由0增加到0.03时,Curie温度(T_C)从300 K升到347 K,热滞分别为20,17,11和6 K.0-1.5 T外磁场下最大磁熵变△S_M分别为14.83,11.41,11.26和11.8 J/(kg·K).     

La_(0.9)Ce_(0.1)Fe_(11.44)Si_(1.56)H_y合金及其粉末粘结块体的磁热效应

对La0.9Ce0.1Fe11.44Si1.56合金进行饱和吸氢,之后在不同放氢温度(Td=200~250℃)下进行3 h放氢处理,得到H含量不同即具有不同Curie温度(TC)的氢化物,对其相结构和磁热效应进行测试分析.结果表明,合金在吸氢前后有相同的相结构,主相为Na Zn13型立方结构,同时含有少量a-Fe杂相;随着放氢温度的提高,TC近似线性的降低;由于H原子的引入消弱了一级巡游电子变磁(IEM)转变,等温磁熵变较母合金有所降低,当Td230℃时,磁熵变随着放氢温度的升高明显降低,磁滞减小,当Td=250℃时,磁熵变曲线宽化,一级相变特性弱化.饱和吸氢后的La0.9Ce0.1Fe11.44Si1.56Hy粉末经固化后得到的粘结样品在0~1.5 T的磁场下,绝热温变和等温磁熵变的最大值分别达到2.7 K和7.5 J/(kg·K).     

大块非晶Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)合金在晶化过程中磁粘滞行为的研究

通过铜模吸铸法制备出了Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)大块非晶合金,研究了该合金在晶化过程中的结构与磁性能,并利用等待时间法研究了其在晶化过程中的磁粘滞行为,结果表明:在453~783 K温度退火时,合金的磁性能变化不大。当退火温度高于783 K时,合金的剩余磁化强度(M_r)、饱和磁化强度(M_s)和矫顽力(_iH_c)的值均急剧降低,在803K退火后,合金完全晶化,铁磁性消失。当合金在703和753 K退火后,合金的激活体积v_a和激活直径Da的数值变化不大,而合金的扰动场H_f则呈现先上升后下降的现象,并且在703 K时达到最大值,这是因为703 K样品中存在的亚稳相造成了扰动场的增加。此外,还讨论了这些微观磁性参数与合金宏观磁性能的关联性。     

Mn_(1.35)Fe_(0.65)P_(0.45)Si_(0.55)B_x合金的磁热效应

对Mn1.35Fe0.65P0.45Si0.55Bx(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04)合金的结构和磁热效应(MCE)进行了研究。XRD分析结果表明:Mn1.35Fe0.65P0.45Si0.55Bx(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04)的合金均为Fe2P型六角结构,空间群为P6-2 m,并随着B元素(原子分数)的增加,晶格常数a增大,c/a减小,晶胞体积V略有减小。磁性测量表明:随着B元素(原子分数)的增加,Curie温度(Tc)从228K升高到315K,热滞(ΔThys)变化不大。0~1.5T外磁场下最大磁熵变(-ΔSmax M)下降,分别为3.6,2.5,2.0,1.7,1.9J/(kg·K)。     

Cr,Mo,W对非晶态(Fe,B)基合金磁性的影响

本文报道用单辊液淬方法制备的Fe-M-B(M=Cr,Mo,W)非晶态合金的磁性,讨论了Cr,Mo或W元素的加入对非晶态Fe-B合金的磁矩、Curie温度(Tc),Bloch T~(3/2)定律的系数B或自旋波劲度系数(D)等的影响.从热磁测量的结果得到,三个非晶态合金系列中每个Fe原子的平均磁矩都在2.0μ_B左右,每个Cr,Mo,W原子的平均磁矩分别为-3.96,-4.62,-4.08μ_B(与Fe的磁矩反平行,故为负值).Tc随Cr,Mo或W含量的增加分别以20.5K/at.-%Cr,27.7 K/at-%Mo和26 K/at.-%W的递减率下降.在Tc附近的磁短程序的行为由于外加磁场变得更加明显.系数B随Cr,Mo或W含量的增加而增加,说明磁性原子间相互作用的减弱.     

LaFe11.9-xCoxSi1.1B0.2(x=0.7,0.8,0.9)合金的磁热效应

使用电弧熔炼法制备了LaFe11.9-xCoxSi1.1B0.2(x=0.7,0.8,0.9)系列合金.XRD分析表明该系列合金除微量的α-Fe相外,均由NaZn13型立方结构单相组成.晶格常数随着Co含量的增加而增大,分别为1.1487,1.1496,1.1498nm;磁性测量表明该系列合金的Curie温度在室温附近,并且也随着Co含量的增加而分别增加到270,290,300 K.在外场变化△B=1.5 T时,该系列合金的最大磁熵变均为金属Gd的2倍左右,相对制冷能力与金属Gd基本相同.     

非化学计量比MnFe(P,Si,Ge)合金在低场下的磁热效应

通过XRD和磁性测量对非化学计量比MnFe(P,Si,Ge)合金的相组成和磁性进行了研究.XRD分析表明,所有样品都具有Fe2P型六角结构,主相为(Fe,Mn)2(P,Si,Ge),并存在少量的第二相(Fe,Mn)3(Si,Ge).过量的Mn和Fe都会使合金的Curie温度降低,由343 K(化学计量比)降低到294 K(过量Mn)和286 K(过量Fe);过量的Mn能减小热滞,而过量的Fe会使热滞增加;磁熵变也有所减小,在1.5 T的磁场下,最大磁熵变由5.2 J/(kg·K)(化学计量比)减小到4.9 J/(kg·K)(过量Mn)和3.8 J/(kg·K)(过量Fe).     

Fe_5Co_(73)Si_(10)B_(12)非晶态合金磁各向异性与旋转磁场热处理效应

根据非晶态Fe_5Co_(73)Si_(10)B_(12)合金薄带不同方向磁化曲线与磁致伸缩曲线随退火状态的变化规律,发现Curie温度低于晶化温度的非晶态合金经旋转磁场热处理时,可以消除由于自发磁化场所感生的磁各向异性。初步分析和讨论了淬火态(制备)非晶态合金具有磁各向异性的原因。     

EFFECT OF HYDROGEN ABSORPTION ON MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS Fe_(90-x) V_x Zr_(10) ALLOYS

The amorphous Fe_(90-x)V_xZr_(10) alloy after electolytic hydrogenation procedure was studied bymeans of Mossbauer effect,magnetic measurement.X-ray diffaction and secondary ionmass spectroscopy(SIMS)techniques.The experimental results show that the magneticproperties of amorphous Fe_(90-x)V_xZr_(10) alloy are highly sensitive to the presence of hydrogen.The isomer shift(IS)has a small positive change and the magnetic properties transfer fromparamagnetic to ferromagnetic State by hydrogenation,and the effect of hydrogen absorptionis to raise Fe magnetic moment(from the increase of saturation maguetization)and Curietemperature T_c from 257 to 384 K.Finally.the considerable increase of magnetic properttesof amorphous Fe_(90-x)V_xZr_(10) alloy by hydrogenation is attributable to the change ofhybridization effect between outer electrons of Zr atoms and 3d electrons of Fe atoms.Fromthe results of SIMS experiment,it is concluded that the hydrogen atoms is localized aroundZr atoms wheh hydrogen atoms enter into the allor.     

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF RAPIDLY QUENCHED(Fe_(1-x)Ga_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) ALLOYS

The Curie temperature increases but crystallization temperature decreases with the in-crease of Ga content,x,of amorphous(Fe_(1-x)Ga_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) alloys.The averagemagnetic moment of Fe atoms is almost a constant.By X-ray diffraction and ther-momagnetic measurements,the crystalline phases of the alloys,an unknown phase andα-(Fe,Ga)besides Fe_3 B as major one,were identified.The relationship between roomtemperature coercive field and Ga.content was also studied.     

MOSSBAUER STUDIES OF Nd-Fe-B ALLOYS

对Nd_(15)Fe_(85-x)B_x(x=0-8)合金作了Mossbauer分析及磁测量,探讨了硼含量对结构的影响。 对于最佳磁性能的Nd_(15)Fe_(77)B_8合金,其Mossbauer谱可分解为6套铁磁亚谱和一套顺磁亚谱,分别对应于Nd_2Fe_(14)B四方相和富Nd相,并估计有6％的Fe原子处于富Nd相中。     

THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND MOSSBAUER SPECTRA OF Y_2(Fe_(1-x)Ni_x)_(17)

实验发现,三元化合物Y_2(Fe_(1-x)Ni_x)_(17)的居里温度T_c随镍含量x变化,当x=0.3时,居里温度呈现极值,T_c=625K。为了研究镍原子部分地替代铁原子后对磁性的影响,取不同镍含量的样品,用X射线测定了易磁化方向,并在高于70千奥斯特的强磁场下,测量了饱和磁化强度随镍含量x的变化。为了研究镍原子在此种晶体中是否有序分布在特定位置上,观测和对比了Y_2Fe_(17)和Y_2(Fe_(0.9)Ni_(0.1))_(17)的穆斯保尔谱线。根据所得的实验结果,分析了居里温度随镍含量变化的原因。     

含Fe和Mn的Ni_(30)Cu_(70)固溶体团簇模型与耐蚀性研究

提出了一个极限田溶体合金的团簇模型,在此基础上优化设计了添加Fe和Mn的Ni_(30)Cu_(70)(原子分数,%)固溶体合金成分.在该模型中,固溶的Fe和Mn以Ni为第一近邻形成12配位立方八面体原子团簇(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)Ni_(12)而分散到Cu基体中,因此极限固溶体合金成分为[M_1/_(13)Ni_(12)/_(13)]30Cu_(70)=[(Fe_(1-x)Mn_xNi_(12)]Cua_(30.3),M=(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x).采用X射线衍射和电化学腐蚀测试等方法,研究了[(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)Ni_(12)]Cu_(30.3)合金的微观组织与耐腐蚀性能的关系.实验结果表明,对应于极限同溶体状念的[(Fe_(0.75)Mn_(0.25))Ni_(12)]Cua_(30.3)合金,在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有相对好的耐腐蚀性能.     

非晶态Fe90—xNixZr10合金的起始磁化率减落

测量了非晶态Fe_(90-x)Ni_xZr_(10)(x=10,20,30)合金淬态和预处理态(573K,45min)样品的起始磁化率等时减落谱和等温减落谱,在等时减落谱的低温区(T<300K)观察到一伴随小峰,本文用二能级模型分析了弛豫过程的可逆性和热处理效应,对可逆减落谱的理论拟合给出可逆弛豫过程的激活能谱P(Q)和特征弛豫时间τ_(OR)。     

Mo含量对Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)合金的微观结构,热性能和磁性能的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)系非晶合金,并对3种合金进行不同温度热处理。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、差热分析仪(DTA)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对合金的微观结构、热性能和磁性能进行测试分析。结果表明:Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)3种合金第1个晶化峰的激活能随Mo含量的增加而减小,Mo的添加不利于合金的热稳定性。Mo含量的增加抑制了ZrCo_3B_2等化合物的析出,细化了结晶相的晶粒尺寸。Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_((10-x))Mo_xB_9Cu_1(x=0,2,4)3种非晶合金的矫顽力Hc均随退火温度的升高而逐渐增大。Mo的添加明显降低了合金的矫顽力。     

MAGNETOSTRICTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF R（Fe_（1－x）Al_x）_y ALLOYS（R＝Dy_（0．65）Tb_（0．25）Pr_（0．1））

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DISACCOMMODATION OF INITIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY IN AMORPHOUS Fe_(90-x)Ni_xZr_(10) ALLOYS

The disaccommodation(DA)measurements of initial susceptibility were performed inamorphous Fe_(90-x)Ni_xZr_(10)(x=10,20,30)alloys.The DA was measured for two differentamorphous states:as-quenched and pretreated at 537 K for 45 min.For all the as-quenched samples,in the isochronal spectra of DA a well defined relaxation peak around350 K is accompanied by a samll but distinct peak near the Curie temperature ofFe_(90)Zr_(10) phase(T_c=230 K).The reversibility and annealing effect on DA are analyzedwithin the framework of two-level model.The fits of the theory to the experimentaldata of reversible relaxation processes gave a spectrum,of activation energies and pre-exponential factor.     

MAGNETIC MOMENT,CURIE TEMPERATURE AND SPIN WAVE EXCITATION FOR AMORPHOUS Fe_(90-x)Si_xZr_(10) ALLOYS

The magnetization curves at 1.5 K and thermomagnetic curves for amorphous Fe_(90-x)Si_xZr_(10)(x=0,4,7 and 10)alloys prepared by the drum spinning technique have been measured with an extracting sample magnetometer.It is obtained that the average magnetic moment,,per magnetic atom and Curie temperature,T_c,in the amorphous FeSiZr alloys increase with increasing Si content.The and T_c are found to be quite small,compared with amorphous FeSiB alloys.This unusual behavior is suggested to be due to the presence of the Fe—Fe antiferromagnetic interactions.The temperature dependence of magnetization at lower temperature is in accordance with Bloch's T~(3/2) law.Calculation shows that the spin wave stiffness constant,D,increases with increasing Si content from 0.37 meV·nm~2 for x=0 to 0.538 meV·nm~2 for x=10.The values ofindicate that the range of the exchange interaction is roughly the mean atomic distance of nearest neighbours.