功能化磁性Fe_3O_4纳米材料去除水污染物研究进展

磁性纳米材料具有较强的化学稳定性、较高的生物相容性和良好的吸附性能,在外加磁场的作用下可迅速分离,同时还能通过表面修饰或改性等方法使其功能化,因此在去除水环境污染物方面有着广泛的应用前景。通过总结近年来的相关研究资料,综述了不同方法修饰的Fe_3O_4功能化磁性纳米材料在去除水污染物方面的研究进展,指出了当前研究中的主要发展方向和有待解决的问题。     

羧甲基淀粉包覆Fe_3O_4磁性纳米颗粒的制备与表征

利用共沉淀法制备了CMS@Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒。利用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、Zeta电位分析仪以及振动样品磁强计表征了纳米颗粒的形态以及性质。磁性纳米颗粒类似于球状,平均直径为(35±10)nm。结果表明,在较高的pH范围内粒子有较高的负电顺磁性。30 d后考察了CMS@Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒的稳定性,CMS@Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒在pH值为11时保持较好的稳定性。     

超临界法制备多孔纳米Fe_3O_4/SiO_2复合磁性微球及性能

为了制备具有纳米多孔结构的磁性复合微球,采用正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)和金属氯盐分别作为SiO2和铁氧体的前驱体,通过溶胶凝胶法制备将Fe3O4纳米颗粒分散于SiO2基体中的Fe3O4/SiO2磁性纳米复合微球,并用超临界干燥法对其进行干燥。利用X线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、透射电镜(TEM)和振动试样磁场计(VSM)等分析测试手段对合成的材料进行性能表征。结果表明:复合粒子包覆完好、性能优良、分散性良好,制备颗粒的粒径为30 nm,比饱和磁化强度为84.09 A.m2/kg。     

磁性Fe_3O_4/Beta沸石复合材料制备及其水体磷污染物吸附行为研究

自制得到磁性Fe3O4/Beta沸石复合材料,并通过SEM、XRD、FT IR,磁滞回线表征鉴定,相应最佳吸附除磷实验条件为:0.05g磁性Fe3O4/Beta沸石复合材料对5mL,50mg/L PO34-溶液(pH值为3.0)吸附率近100%,吸附平衡时间为6h,吸附行为符合Freundlich方程,可在碱性介质溶液中脱附再生。磁性Fe3O4/Beta沸石复合材料基于磁基质易于水体分离操作,过程简便可控,实际应用前景广阔。     

Fe_3O_4的可控制备及研究

采用空气氧化法,以四水合氯化亚铁和氢氧化钠为原料,通过调节反应体系的p H,制备不同形貌的Fe3O4。通过磁性表征,得出形貌与磁性的关系。并在实验中添加不同含量的Zn2+,使其代替Fe3O4的Fe2+,在一定范围使Fe3O4的剩磁、矫顽力可。     

Fe3O4纳米材料的制备研究

研究用共沉淀法合成Fe3O4纳米颗粒,并系统考察了反应溶液的起始pH、处理温度和处理时间等因素对其晶粒纯度和尺寸的影响。同时研究了有机物包覆和乙醇-水反应体系制备产品。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对合成的纳米微粒的粒径、结构进行了检测。显示得到产物为晶粒生长完全的Fe3O4,平均粒度为14 nm。     

Fe_3O_4@SiO_2磁性催化剂载体的制备及表征

以正硅酸乙酯作为硅源,采用沉淀法将四氧化三铁颗粒包覆在二氧化硅中,制备了Fe3O4@SiO2磁性催化剂载体材料。考察了氨水浓度、正硅酸乙酯浓度和四氧化三铁加入量对样品包覆率的影响,并对样品的物相和显微结构做了表征。结果表明:正硅酸乙酯可作为制备Fe3O4@SiO2磁性催化剂载体的硅源;在氨水浓度为0.4 mol/L、正硅酸乙酯浓度为0.02 mol/L、Fe3O4加入量为0.04 g的适宜反应条件下,样品包覆率为99%;二氧化硅有效包覆了四氧化三铁颗粒,但团聚较严重。     

氨基化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒处理废水中重金属的应用

随着工业生产的快速发展,水体的重金属污染现象愈发严重。氨基功能化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒由于具有比表面积大,吸附效率高,易于磁分离和再生等特性,克服了传统吸附剂的局限性,已被广泛的应用于处理废水中的重金属。介绍了国内外针对去除不同重金属的氨基功能化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4的表面改性材料、功能化方法及其应用;简述并分析总结了氨基功能化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒去除水中重金属离子的影响因素及机理;对磁性纳米材料在去除废水中重金属领域应用发展进行了展望。     

氨基化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒处理废水中重金属的应用

随着工业生产的快速发展,水体的重金属污染现象愈发严重。氨基功能化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒由于具有比表面积大,吸附效率高,易于磁分离和再生等特性,克服了传统吸附剂的局限性,已被广泛的应用于处理废水中的重金属。介绍了国内外针对去除不同重金属的氨基功能化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4的表面改性材料、功能化方法及其应用;简述并分析总结了氨基功能化磁性纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒去除水中重金属离子的影响因素及机理;对磁性纳米材料在去除废水中重金属领域应用发展进行了展望。     

Fe_3O_4@rGO复合磁性粒子对聚氨酯弹性体复合材料性能的影响

将3种不同的Fe3O4@还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)–四氢呋喃(THF)复合磁性粒子分散液分别与聚氨酯(PUR)弹性体进行原位聚合制备3种PUR弹性体/Fe3O4@rGO磁性复合材料,并对其组分和分散状态进行了表征,系统研究了Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子对PUR弹性体磁性能、热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,仅掺入质量分数为0.5%的Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子可以显著提高PUR弹性体的性能。随着Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子中rGO含量的增加,PUR弹性体复合材料的饱和磁化强度逐渐下降,热稳定性和力学性能均逐渐提高。当复合磁性粒子中rGO质量分数为60%时,复合材料的力学性能最佳,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和拉伸弹性模量分别为35.31MPa,438.90%和86.42MPa,玻璃化转变温度、最大损耗因子和在–60℃时的储能模量分别达10.64℃,0.41和3805.84MPa。此外,扫描电子显微镜观察发现,Fe3O4@rGO复合磁性粒子在基体中具有良好的分散性。     

Fe3O4/Au/Fe3O4 nanoflowers exhibiting tunable saturation magnetization and enhanced bioconjugation

Composite nanoparticles have proved to be promising in a wide range of biotechnological applications. In this paper, we report on a facile method to synthesize novel Fe(3)O(4)/Au/Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles (nanoflowers) that integrate hybrid components and surface types. We demonstrate that relative to conventional nanoparticles with core/shell configuration, such nanoflowers not only retain their surface plasmon property but also allow for 170% increase in the saturation magnetization and 23% increase in the conjugation efficiency due to the synergistic co-operation between the hierarchical structures. Moreover, we demonstrate that the magnetic properties of such composite nanoparticles can be tuned by controlling the size of additional petals (Fe(3)O(4) phase). These novel building blocks could open up novel and exciting vistas in nanomedicine for broad applications such as biosensing, cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, targeted delivery, and imaging.     

离子液体中合成Fe3O4/PANI复合纳米颗粒

以FeCl3.6H2O和FeCl2.4H2O为原料,以水为介质,利用化学共沉淀法,常温下反应合成了Fe3O4纳米粒子,并进一步以Fe3O4纳米粒子为原料,采用原位聚合法分别在H2O和氯代1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑([BMIM]Cl)离子液体中合成了Fe3O4/聚苯胺(PANI)纳米复合粒子,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、热分析仪(TG)、电导率仪、多功能振动样品磁强计对样品的形貌、结构和电磁性能进行了表征。结果表明:在这两种介质中都可以得到核壳型复合颗粒,但离子液体中合成的复合颗粒粒度小、分散性好且聚苯胺的结晶程度高。在离子液体中制备的复合材料与水中相同条件下制得的复合材料相比,电导率及磁性能均有提高。在离子液体中制备磁性导电复合材料是一种绿色高效的工艺。     

Electro-Magnetic Polyfuran/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite: Synthesis,Characterization, Antioxidant Activity,and Its Application as a Biosensor

Herein, the authors report the synthesis of electro-magnetic polyfuran/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites using Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles of different content as nucleation sites via in situ chemical oxidation polymerization method. Surface, structural, morphological, thermal, electrical and magnetic properties of the nanocomposites were studied by FT-IR, UV-visible spectroscopies, XRD, FESEM, TGA, four probe, and VSM, respectively. The effect of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles content on the electrical conductivity and magnetization of nanocomposites was studied. The obtained polyfuran and polyfuran/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. In addition, polyfuran/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites have been investigated for application as electrochemical biosensor.     

Au/Fe3O4纳米复合材料的制备及其催化性能

通过将金纳米粒子铆接到Fe3O4载体表面,制得了Au/Fe3O4纳米复合粒子。首先以对苯二酚为还原剂还原HAuCl4制得球形金纳米粒子;然后采用溶剂热法制备Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒,并用巯基丙酸(MPA)对其修饰;最后通过MPA与金纳米粒子之间的相互作用,将金纳米颗粒固定到Fe3O4表面。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)和紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-vis)对所制备材料进行形貌、晶型、磁性和催化性能的表征。结果表明,金纳米颗粒成功包覆在Fe3O4表面,所得到的Au/Fe3O4复合纳米材料具有单分散性和超顺磁性,并且对NaBH4还原对硝基苯酚(4-NP)制备对氨基苯酚(4-AP)的反应显示出优良的催化性能。     

Facile Synthesis of FeCo/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite with High Wave-Absorbing Properties

The FeCo/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was synthesized using the hydrothermal approach, in which the FeCo alloy and Fe₃O₄ are formed by one step. The structure of the FeCo/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was characterized by means of Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometer spectroscopy (EDX). They show that the mass ratio of FeCo/Fe₃O₄ strongly depends on the reaction temperature. Such various architectures follow a stepwise growth mechanism of the composites prepared in various reaction temperatures were also discussed. It indicates that this strategy is facile, effective and controllable for the synthesis of FeCo/Fe₃O₄ by the one-step method. Furthermore, the magnetic and wave-absorbing properties of the nanocomposites with various structures were investigated in detail. The results show that the FeCo/Fe₃O₄ with higher mass ratio has higher magnetic properties. Moreover, the FeCo/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite shows high wave-absorbing properties (e.g., −37.9 dB), which are expected to apply in microwave absorbing materials.     

Preparation and Characterization of PAn-HPC/Fe3O4 and PAn-HPC/Fe2O3 Nanocomposite Using Hydroxypropylcellulose as a Steric Stabilizer

Nanocomposite of polyaniline containing Fe₃O₄ and Fe₂O₃ was synthesized by a chemical method using hydroxypropylcellulose as a steric stabilizer. The characteristics of product such as, morphology, conductivity, and particle size were studied. The results indicate that, these properties were dependent on the surfactant, amount and type of metallic oxide. When the concentration of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ increased from 1 to 5 g/L, in PAn/Fe₂O₃ and PAn/Fe₃O₄ composites the conductivity decreased from 1.2 × 10^?6 to 1.1 × 10^?8 and 2.8 × 10^?6 to 1.1 × 10^?8S/cm, respectively, while the particle size of nanocomposite increased from 96 to 110, and 97 to 115 nm, respectively.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Fe2O3/Al纳米复合材料

采用溶胶-凝胶法和真空干燥法制备了Fe2O3/Al纳米复合材料。用扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、BET比表面分析仪对原料和产物的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,纳米复合材料的宏观粒子平均粒径为2μm,纳米铝粉均匀分布在Fe2O3凝胶体系中,平均粒径为40nm。空白Fe2O3干凝胶比表面积达64.6m2/g,填充铝粉后样品的比表面积为1.1m2/g。撞击感度试验表明,Fe2O3凝胶与纳米铝粉复合后,特性落高由30.5cm提高到100.3cm,表明FeO凝胶可降低纳米铝粉的冲击感度。     

Polypyrrole‐Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanocomposite Prepared by Ultrasonic Irradiation

Summary: Ultrasonic irradiation was employed to prepare polypyrrole (PPY)/Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanocomposite by chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. This approach can solve the problem in the dispersion and stabilization of inorganic nanoparticles in polymer. The structure and properties of PPY/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite were characterized by TEM, XPS, FT‐IR, TG, and XRD. PPY deposits on the surface of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles while Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles are dispersed at the nanoscale by ultrasonic irradiation, which leads to the formation of polypyrrole‐encapsulated Fe₃O₄ composite particles. The doping level of PPY in PPY/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite is higher than that of neat PPY. The composites possess good electrical and magnetic properties. With the increase in the Fe₃O₄ content, the magnetization increases and the conductivity first increases and then decreases. When the Fe₃O₄ content is 40 wt.‐%, the conductivity reaches a maximum value of 11.26 S · cm^?1, about nine times higher than that of neat PPY, and the saturation magnetization is 23 emu · g^?1. Also, the introduction of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles enhances the thermal stability of PPY/Fe₃O₄ composite.

Conductivity of PPY/Fe₃O₄ composite at different Fe₃O₄ content.     

四氧化三铁/氧化铈的制备及其吸附汞的研究

文章通过水热合成法制备得到氧化铈及氧化铈修饰四氧化三铁吸附剂。扫描电子显微镜及红外光谱用来表征所得复合物。该复合物的吸附性能通过汞吸附实验获得。吸附动力学实验结果表明:吸附在100分钟可达到平衡。