十六烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵与 NH4 SCN 缓蚀协同效应

目的研究十六烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵(CDAB)与NH4SCN在硫酸介质中对Q235钢的缓蚀协同效应,并探讨其缓蚀机理和性能,以期为工业实际生产提供理论数据。方法运用失重法研究CDAB质量浓度与缓蚀率的关系,通过失重法、动电位极化曲线法和交流阻抗法分析CDAB与NH4SCN复配后的缓蚀率和缓蚀机理。结果仅添加CDAB时,缓蚀率随着CDAB质量浓度增大而增大,但缓蚀性能并不显著,当质量浓度为10 mg/L时缓蚀率仅为85.07%;当CDAB与30 mg/L的NH4SCN复配后,缓蚀率显著提高到96.73%,能有效抑制Q235钢在0.5 mol/L硫酸介质中的腐蚀。极化试验结果显示,该复配缓蚀剂是一种以控制阳极反应为主的混合型缓蚀剂,缓蚀率随CDAB质量浓度增大而增大,与交流阻抗法、失重法试验结果相一致。复配缓蚀剂在Q235钢表面的吸附服从Langmiur吸附等温模型,吸附吉布斯自由能ΔG0=-48.33 k J/mol,为自发吸附。结论 CDAB与NH4SCN在0.5 mol/L硫酸介质中具有优异缓蚀协同效应,能有效抑制腐蚀介质对Q235钢在的腐蚀,复配缓蚀剂具有较高的缓蚀率。     

白酒糟提取物对Q235钢在盐酸介质中的缓蚀作用和吸附行为

采用失重法和电化学法研究了白酒糟提取物作为酸洗缓蚀剂对Q235钢在盐酸介质中的缓蚀作用和吸附行为。失重法研究表明,白酒糟提取物在盐酸介质中能有效抑制Q235钢的腐蚀,25℃,1mol／L的HCl中,白酒糟提取物浓度为24g／L时,缓蚀率达到94．41％;电化学研究结果表明,白酒糟提取物在1mol／I,HCI中属抑制阳极...     

咪唑啉季铵盐对Q235钢在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀性能

合成了苯乙酸咪唑啉季铵盐(PAIPI)和萘乙酸咪唑啉季铵盐(NAIPI),通过失重法、电化学方法研究了两者在1 mol/L HCl中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能,并探讨了其在Q235钢表面的吸附行为.结果表明,两者在1 mol/LHCl中对Q235钢均为阳极型缓蚀剂,其中NAIPI对Q235钢的缓蚀性能优于PAIPI;两者在Q235钢表面均是单层吸附,属于物理吸附.     

猪殃殃草提取物在盐酸中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用研究

目的开发盐酸清洗领域的天然绿色缓蚀剂。方法通过95%乙醇浸提法从猪殃殃草茎叶中提取植物缓蚀剂,用红外光谱(FTIR)表征了其主要官能团,采用失重法、极化曲线和电化学阻抗(EIS)谱研究了其在1 mol/L盐酸介质中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能,并探讨了缓蚀机理。结果猪殃殃草提取物可明显减缓Q235钢在1 mol/L盐酸介质中的腐蚀,属阴极控制为主的混合型缓蚀剂,缓蚀效率随其浓度的增加而增大,当其质量浓度达到1.2 g/L时,25℃下的缓蚀效率可达82%以上,受浸泡时间的影响不大。其缓蚀机理为"几何覆盖效应",有效缓蚀成分在Q235钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir等温式,吸附平衡常数为10.62 L/g,且属于物理吸附。结论在1 mol/L盐酸溶液介质中,猪殃殃草提取物对Q235钢的缓蚀作用明显,是一种在盐酸清洗领域有一定应用价值的环境友好型缓蚀剂。     

2-吡啶甲醛缩4-苯基氨基硫脲席夫碱在盐酸溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用

合成了一种吡啶席夫碱衍生物,2-吡啶甲醛缩4-苯基氨基硫脲席夫碱(PCPTC),并采用失重法、电化学阻抗谱法和极化曲线法研究了PCPTC对Q235钢在1 mol/L HCl溶液的缓蚀作用。结果表明:PCPTC对Q235钢在1mol/L HCl溶液中具有优良的缓蚀效果,是一种混合型缓蚀剂;当缓蚀剂浓度达到0.5 mmol/L时,缓蚀率达到93.6%;PCPTC在Q235钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式;扫描电镜(SEM)观察表明,PCPTC可以有效保护Q235钢。     

硫酸介质中桂花果提取液对Q235钢的缓蚀作用

目的研究在0.5 mol/L硫酸溶液介质中,桂花果提取液(OFFE)对Q235钢的缓蚀作用及机理。方法通过失重法和极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱等电化学方法研究了桂花果提取液对Q235钢在0.5 mol/L硫酸溶液介质中的缓蚀性能,考察了25℃下桂花果提取液浓度对缓蚀效率的影响,并对缓蚀机理进行了探讨。结果以95%的乙醇为溶剂浸提制备的桂花果提取液在0.5 mol/L硫酸介质中对Q235钢具有良好的缓蚀性能,缓蚀效率随其质量浓度的增加而增大,当其浓度达到10 g/L时,其缓蚀效率可达91.48%。电化学测试结果表明,桂花果提取液为混合型缓蚀剂,主要通过抑制阴极析氢过程来减缓Q235钢的腐蚀,缓蚀机理为"几何覆盖效应",其有效缓蚀成分在Q235钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir等温式,吸附平衡常数为1.09 L/g。结论在0.5 mol/L的硫酸介质中,桂花果提取液对Q235钢具有明显的缓蚀作用,是一种有广泛应用前景的天然绿色缓蚀剂。     

豆粕提取物在盐酸中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能

采用失重法、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱、扫描电子显微镜等方法研究了豆粕提取物(SME)作为植物缓蚀剂对Q235钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,缓蚀剂在25～90℃范围内,随着温度升高,缓蚀效率先升高后降低。在温度为40℃,缓蚀剂浓度为0.8 g/L时,缓蚀效率达到92%。缓蚀剂对阳极和阴极都有抑制作用,属于混合型缓蚀剂。缓蚀剂分子在Q235钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,既有化学吸附也有物理吸附。     

新型杂环化合物在0.5mol/LH_2SO_4中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能

通过失重试验、电化学测试以及量子化学计算方法研究了新型杂环噁二唑化合物1-苯基-2-{5-(1,2,4-三氮唑)-1甲基-(1,3,4-噁二唑)-2-硫}-乙酮(PTOE)在0.5 mol/L H2SO4中对Q235钢(碳钢)的缓蚀性能,并用扫描电镜方法观察了碳钢表面的腐蚀形貌.结果表明,PTOE在0.5 mol/L H2SO4中对Q235钢有高达92.7%的缓蚀作用,能同时抑制碳钢腐蚀的阴、阳极反应过程.碳钢的阻抗值随PTOE浓度增加而增大,其在碳钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir等温式.同时用量子化学中的从头算方法对缓蚀剂的分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系进行了研究.     

L-苯丙氨酸对Q235钢在硫酸中的缓蚀作用

采用电化学方法,研究了L-苯丙氨酸对Q235钢在0.5mol/L H2SO4溶液中的缓蚀作用及缓蚀机理,分析了其缓蚀剂类型。结果表明:L-苯丙氨酸的缓蚀效率随浓度的增加而增大,而且随着温度的升高,Q235钢表面单个活性位点上吸附的缓蚀剂分子数量增加,缓蚀效率也增大;L-苯丙氨酸属于混合抑制型缓蚀剂,作用机理为几何覆盖效应,其在Q235钢表面的吸附为单分子吸附,且吸附规律符合El-Awady动力学模型。     

含咪唑啉磷酸酯的复配缓蚀剂对Q235钢的缓蚀行为研究

将自制咪唑啉磷酸酯盐与KI复配,采用失重法、极化曲线和交流阻抗法研究了该缓蚀剂在1mol/L HCl水溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀行为,探讨了其在Q235钢表面的吸附行为。结果表明：该缓蚀剂在1mol/L HCl水溶液中对Q235钢为混合偏阴极型缓蚀剂;缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增大而增加;该缓蚀剂在Q235钢表面的吸附模式遵循Langmuir吸附。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.