艾蒿色素提取液的媒染染色研究

文中以水煮的方式提取艾蒿色素,并用该提取液对柞蚕锦纶复合丝针织物进行媒染染色,通过正交实验和单因素实验确定了艾蒿色素提取及媒染染色的最佳工艺条件.艾蒿色素提取最佳条件:温度90℃,水煮60 min,艾蒿与蒸馏水之比为1:20.硫酸亚铁预媒染色最佳条件:染液浓度为艾蒿提取原液浓度,温度80 ℃,时间40 min,pH值为7.硫酸亚铁后媒法处理最佳工艺条件:温度60℃,时间40 min,FeSO4·7H2O浓度6～g/L.以硫酸亚铁为媒染剂,染色织物的各项色牢度均达到3级或3级以上.     

艾蒿提取液对羊毛织物的直接染色

研究了从艾蒿中提取天然染料的工艺和艾蒿提取液对羊毛织物的直接染色工艺.采用单因素实验方法,讨论了氢氧化钠质量浓度、提取温度、提取时间等因素对提取效果的影响,以及染色温度、时间、pH值等因素对羊毛织物染色效果的影响,优化了艾蒿提取工艺及提取液对羊毛织物的染色工艺.结果显示,艾蒿提取的较优工艺为:氢氧化钠质量浓度10 g,/L、提取温度90℃、提取时间60 min、料液比1∶20.艾蒿提取液对羊毛织物的直接染色工艺为:温度90℃、时间60 min、pH值4.5.染色羊毛织物耐摩擦和耐皂洗牢度尚可,具有抗菌及芳香性.     

天然染料大黄的提取及其对真丝染色性能的研究

以水为溶剂提取大黄素,并用该提取液对真丝绸染色,通过正交实验和极差分析确定了大黄素提取和上染真丝的最佳工艺条件.大黄素提取:将大黄在80℃水煮90 min,液料比为1:20,提取2次;媒染工艺条件:80℃,FeSO46%(owf),浴比1:40,45 min;染色工艺条件:60℃,浴比1:40,染料质量浓度X g/L,pH=8,60 min.在此条件下,真丝可以获得较好的染色效果(耐摩擦牢度普遍提高).     

槐米染色织物色牢度提升方法的研究

本文以槐米为原料,采用水煮法从中提取色素作为天然染料,然后用直接染色法对纯棉织物进行染色,分别用交联剂CX-100和固色剂2518对染色后的棉织物进行整理,以提高染色后织物的色牢度.实验结果表明,槐米色素的最佳提取工艺为:槐米用量15g/L,在100℃下水煮60min;直接法染色时的最佳pH值为9,染色温度为90℃,染色时间为60min;交联剂处理的最佳工艺为:染色棉织物→两浸两轧(交联剂用量50g/L,轧余率60%)→预烘(70℃×3min)→焙烘(110℃×3min).采用固色剂处理时,固色剂最佳用量为9%(o.m.f.),固色温度为50℃,时间为15min.     

蛋白酶胭脂虫天然染料的提取及羊毛织物染色性能研究

利用蛋白酶对胭脂虫干体内的胭脂红酸进行萃取,通过天然染料胭脂虫色素对羊毛织物进行染色.利用蛋白酶进行色素提取,具有温度低、萃取时间短、提取效果好等特点.实验确定提取工艺为:蛋白酶浓度1％,50℃搅拌60 min,调pH值为4,升温至90℃,搅拌60 min.通过对上染工艺中的胭脂虫红色素浓度、染色温度、染色时间、pH值等影响因素进行单因素实验分析,得到了最佳的染色工艺:胭脂虫红色素浓度60％,pH值4,染色温度90℃,染色时间50 min,浴比1:40.     

黑米色素提取及其对真丝织物的染色

通过正交试验确定黑米色素提取工艺,并对提取液的稳定性进行分析。同时对染色方法、染液浓度、染色温度、染色时间等进行分析并确定最佳的染色工艺。实验结果表明:黑米色素适宜的提取工艺为:提取剂为pH3的50%乙醇溶液,提取温度60℃,时间60min,料液比为1∶20;黑米色素与硫酸亚铁同浴染色可获得较佳的染色效果;适宜的染色工艺为:黑米色素40%,硫酸亚铁4%～6%,染色温度60℃,时间65min,pH4。在此条件下真丝织物表观颜色深度较大,色牢度较好。     

火龙果皮色素染色棉织物工艺探讨

文章使用乙醇提取火龙果皮色素对棉织物进行染色.运用单因素实验和正交实验分析了染色温度、浴比、染色时间等参数对色素上染率的影响.实验结果表明,使用火龙果皮色素染色棉织物最佳工艺条件为:染色温度50℃,浴比1:60,染色时间40 min.     

苏木色素的提取及其对羊毛织物的染色

以水为溶剂提取苏木色素,利用该提取液对羊毛织物进行直接及媒染染色,通过单因素实验和正交试验确定了苏木色素提取及染色的最佳工艺参数.苏木色素提取:料液比1:20,温度80℃,时间70 min,碳酸钠质量浓度5 g/L;直接染色工艺:pH值6～7,温度80℃,时间60 min,不加氯化钠;硫酸铜后媒工艺:70℃,50 min,媒染剂用量5%(owf).媒染染色可获得较好的染色牢度.     

响应曲面法优化天然染料艾蒿提取工艺的应用与研究

以提取时间、液料比、提取温度为影响因素,通过响应曲面法优化天然艾蒿色素的提取工艺,优化后的天然艾蒿色素的最佳提取工艺为：提取时间61 min,提取温度74℃,液料比24∶1。利用天然艾蒿色素良好的染色性能,对丝织品的扎染应用进行研究。     

壳聚糖在艾蒿植物染料对丝织物染色中的作用

以壳聚糖为媒染剂,用艾蒿植物染料对丝织物进行染色,实验分析壳聚糖质量分数对织物K/S值的影响;利用正交实验得到了艾蒿染料对丝织物染色的染色优化工艺,对比分析壳聚糖在艾蒿染料对丝织物染色中的作用。结果表明:壳聚糖处理能够提高艾蒿染料对丝织物染色的K/S值和染色牢度。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press