不同沉积工艺下TiN涂层金属学特性的研究

采用不同沉积工艺得到的TiN涂层高速钢的物相主次不同 ;涂层宏观残余应力呈压应力状态 ,应力状态主要与膜 /基材料的热力学性能的差别有关 ;不同沉积工艺得到的TiN涂层高速钢的晶粒度约 0 1μm ,其对涂层的耐磨性影响不大 ,微观残余应力对耐磨性起了很大作用 ;不同沉积工艺得到的TiN涂层的点阵参数偏大 ,这主要是由涂层的微观残余应力和原子置换引起的 ;摩擦学实验表明以 ( 111)晶面择优取向的试样的耐磨性最佳     

TiN/Ti涂层在波箔轴承中的摩擦磨损性能

采用真空离子镀的方法在304不锈钢基体上喷涂厚度为3μm的TiN/Ti薄层,利用硬度计、三维形貌仪、划痕试验仪对涂层基本力学性能进行分析,通过球盘试验机分析涂层试样的摩擦磨损性能,根据波箔轴承性能测试实验台的测试结果:研究TiN/Ti涂层对基体表面耐磨减摩性能的影响。研究结果表明:TiN涂层硬度可达HV1500,是基材硬度的5.5倍;TiN/Ti涂层平均摩擦因数为0.23,相对不锈钢304基材的平均摩擦因数0.71,降低了68%,磨损量也仅为基材的18.75%;GCr15与PTFE对磨的最大摩擦力矩可达2.4 N·mm,而TiN/Ti与PTFE对磨的最大摩擦力矩仅为1 N·mm,仅为GCr15的41.7%。TiN/Ti涂层表现出了优异的承载能力和耐磨减摩性能。     

Y15钢表面沉积TiN、TiCN和AlTiCrN涂层的摩擦磨损性能

为提高Y15易切削钢的耐磨性能,对Y15钢试样表面进行离子氮化处理,并分别采用TiN、TiCN、AlTiCrN进行镀膜处理。在SRVⅣ磨损试验机上考察制备的3种试样的摩擦磨损性能,并与盐浴渗氮处理试样进行比较。结果表明:3种离子渗氮+涂层处理试样中,离子渗氮+AlTiCrN涂层的耐磨性最好,其次是离子渗氮+TiCN涂层和离子渗氮+TiN涂层;盐浴渗氮试样的磨损机制主要为黏着磨损,离子渗氮+TiN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损和磨粒磨损为主,其他2种试样的磨损机制主要为轻微犁沟和黏着磨损。     

TiN/TiSiN复合涂层显微结构与力学性能研究

采用工业用直流脉冲等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PCVD)法在硬质合金刀具基体上制备了TiN和TiN/TiSiN复合涂层.对TiN涂层和不同沉积温度下制备的三种TiN/TiSiN复合涂层的微观结构和力学性能进行了对比研究.结果表明:随着沉积温度的升高,TiN/TiSiN复合涂层的结合力增大;沉积温度为550℃时,TiN/T...     

Y15钢表面直接涂层处理滑动摩擦磨损试验研究

在易切削钢Y15试样表面直接涂层处理得到TiCN、AlTiCrN涂层,在SRV Ⅳ磨损试验机上考察其摩擦磨损性能,并与TiN直接涂层试样、盐浴渗氮试样进行比较。结果表明：直接涂层试样比盐浴渗氮试样具有更低的摩擦因数和更好的耐磨性;TiCN直接涂层耐磨性最好,其次为AlTiCrN直接涂层。盐浴渗氮试样、直接TiN涂层试样和直接TiCN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,而直接AlTiCrN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,同时也存在磨粒磨损。     

Y15钢表面TiCN和AlTiCrN涂层滑动摩擦试验研究

在易切削钢Y15试样表面直接涂层处理得到TiCN、AlTiCrN涂层,在SRV Ⅳ磨损试验机上考察其摩擦磨损性能,并与TiN直接涂层试样、盐浴渗氮试样进行比较。结果表明:直接涂层试样比盐浴渗氮试样具有更低的摩擦因数和更好的耐磨性;TiCN直接涂层耐磨性最好,其次为AlTiCrN直接涂层。盐浴渗氮试样、直接TiN涂层试样和直接TiCN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,而直接AlTiCrN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,同时也存在磨粒磨损。     

焊缝结构微区材料力学性能研究

介绍三种对微区材料力学性能进行测试的方法,微拉伸试验、微剪切试验和维氏硬度试验,并分析其各自的优缺点。采用这三种方法对0Cr18Ni10Ti焊接接头不同区域材料进行力学性能测试,并对试验结果进行比较分析。研究指出,采用微小拉伸试样的微拉伸试验方法测定微区材料的力学性能更为准确可靠。     

TiN涂层高速钢刀具耐热性的研究

研究了切削过程中TiN涂层高速钢刀具的切削温度场分布特征及其生热、导热特征。通过试验证明了TiN薄膜的热学特征与其晶体结构类型有关 ,用不同工艺方法得到的TiN涂层高速钢刀具的耐热性、耐磨性亦存在明显差别 ,为TiN涂层刀具沉积工艺参数的优化、刀具几何参数及切削用量的合理选择提供了理论依据。     

基于微小试样法的国产A508-Ⅲ钢力学性能测试研究

小冲杆试验法是利用冲杆冲压试样薄片,并记录试片从变形到失效的全过程的载荷一位移曲线,并借此分析得到材料屈服强度、抗拉强度等力学性能的试验方法。该方法所需材料少,特别适合于试验材料缺乏或在役设备的无损取样检测的情况。采用小冲杆试验法测试国产A508-Ⅲ钢的力学性能（包括屈服强度、抗拉强度）,并且与传统的标准试样测试的拉伸性能进行了比较,结果表明采用小冲杆试验方法能够有效测试材料的屈服强度及抗拉强度。     

摩擦焊焊接重型H型钢Z向拉伸试样的工艺探索

随着马钢重型H型钢的投入生产,增加了Z向拉伸力学性能的检测,由于Z向拉伸毛坯不足以制作拉伸试样,因此引进摩擦焊机床对试样进行焊接,制备拉伸试样使之满足标准尺寸要求.在确定了转速和顶锻压力等因素的情况下,通过设计不同的工艺参数测试对Z向拉伸焊接接头的影响,保证了拉伸试样断裂处能位于重型H型钢母材,焊接接头力学性能满足使用...     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.