支点位置分布对径向可倾瓦滑同承热动力润滑性能的影响

本文详细了瓦块支点位置分布对滑动轴承热动力润滑性能的影响。结果表明采用非均布支点布置有利于提高在大型低速重载条件下径向可倾瓦滑轴承的热动力润滑性能。     

贯流式水轮发电机组径向可倾瓦滑动轴承的性能研究

详细分析了径向可倾瓦轴承瓦块支点分布情况对轴承性能的影响。结果表明瓦块支点分布位置对低速重载滑动轴承性能影响很大。采用非均布支点布置有利于提高在低速重载条件下径向可倾瓦滑动轴承的润滑性能。     

多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热润滑性能分析

考虑变黏度、密度的情况,建立多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的数学模型,用有限差分法求解其热流体动力润滑(THD)模型,分别计算12块瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的最小油膜、压力分布和三维温度场分布,分析不同载荷、不同转速、不同润滑油黏度等对轴承各瓦的热润滑性能影响。结果显示,建立的模型及其计算程序能计算分析多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的热润滑问题。润滑油黏度和转子转速对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的热润滑性能有较大的影响;瓦块绕支点的倾斜以及瓦块所处的角度位置会影响部分瓦块的热润滑性能,出现与普通圆形径向滑动轴承不一致的润滑性能变化。     

轴线偏斜对多瓦径向滑动轴承热润滑性能的影响

分析轴线偏斜对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响。计及轴线偏斜与瓦块自由度,推导可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的油膜厚度方程,建立数学模型,计算单自由度、双自由度2种瓦块支承的径向滑动轴承在不同偏斜程度时的最小油膜厚度、压力和三维温度分布,并分析偏斜对这2种轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响。结果表明,轴线偏斜对单自由度瓦径向滑动轴承有较大影响,会使单自由度瓦块的可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的油膜压力在轴向分布不对称,导致瓦块支承处产生不平衡的力矩,而对双自由度瓦径向滑动轴承的润滑性能几乎没有影响。     

大型动静力径向可倾瓦轴承热弹流体润滑研究

用有限元素法建立瓦块3维弹性变形计算模型。针对小包角瓦块支点非均匀布置方式及下方瓦块设有高压油顶起油囊的大型低速重载动静力润滑径向可倾瓦轴承,研究了由于瓦块3维弹性变形对轴承热动力润滑性能的影响。结果表明,在低速重载条件下需要考虑瓦块的弹性变形对动静力可倾瓦轴承热动力润滑性能的影响。     

线切割一体化滑动轴承的静态性能研究

提出一种新型线切割一体化径向滑动轴承,该轴承瓦块在载荷的作用下能够围绕轴承座上的固定支点作微小弹性变形和摆动,具有可倾瓦轴承的特点。根据润滑理论,建立该新型线切割一体化径向滑动轴承的数学模型;采用Fortran与Ansys混合编程的方式,编制线切割一体化径向滑动轴承的动力学性能计算程序;考虑支座变形和瓦块变形的影响,考察偏心率、轴颈转速和支点几何尺寸对轴承单瓦块静态性能的影响。结果表明:轴承轴瓦受到的负载和最大压力随转速和偏心率的增大而增大,随支撑高度的增大而变小;轴瓦支点和半径方向的变形随转速和偏心率的增大而增大,其对轴承性能的影响不能忽略。     

可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的性能计算

可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的各瓦块温度是有很大差别，本文探讨了计及瓦块温度分布对轴承性能计算的影响，介绍了二维温度分布在简化边条下的计算方法，通过对某一透平压缩机的计算，征明计及瓦块温度分布是必要的。     

支点摩擦力对可倾瓦径向滑动轴承润滑特性的影响

为了研究轴瓦支点摩擦力对其润滑性能影响,建立可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的支点摩擦力的数学模型,分析其对轴承的润滑特性,如油膜压力、厚度、摩擦阻力、功耗及轴承承载力和流量的影响,得出支点摩擦力的影响作用较大的结论,因此在设计可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的过程中,考虑支点摩擦力的影响很有必要.     

考虑轴颈偏斜的多瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑分析

建立考虑轴颈偏斜的多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热弹流润滑(TEHD)分析的数学模型,求解轴瓦表面当量弹性变形,计算得到轴颈偏斜时的瓦块油膜厚度、油膜压力分布和瓦面温度分布等,并对比分析无轴线偏斜和有轴线偏斜情况,得到多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的热弹流润滑性能差异.结果表明,TEHD模型下,轴颈偏斜会导致轴承油膜厚度、油膜压力和瓦面温度等分布在轴向不对称,并且导致轴承油膜厚度明显减小.     

制造误差对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响

建立考虑制造误差的多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热弹流润滑(TEHD)分析的计算模型,计算得到有制造误差时的瓦块油膜厚度、油膜压力、瓦面温度分布等,并对比分析多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承在有无制造误差时的热弹流润滑性能差异。结果表明,轴径误差会导致最大油膜压力显著增大,轴瓦瓦面曲率半径误差会导致最小油膜厚度和最大油膜压力均有一定增大,而预载荷误差对轴承的润滑性能无明显影响。     

静压孔位置对油膜支承可倾瓦轴承承载性能的影响分析

为了提高汽轮机转子系统中支承轴承的油膜刚度,以三瓦油膜支承可倾瓦轴承为研究对象,研究静压孔相对位置对轴承承载性能的影响规律。建立了油膜支承可倾瓦轴承油膜润滑模型,并运用计算流体动力学方法数值求解三维N-S方程,揭示了不同静压孔相对位置下轴承压力分布、最小膜厚、偏心率、刚度等性能参数的变化规律。分析结果表明：在载荷为890 N的情况下,改变孔的位置可以提高轴承油膜刚度;当静压孔相对位置γ=5°左右时,孔位置接近油膜最大压力分布区,与γ=0°时相比,最小膜厚和偏心率分别减小9.8%和48%,主刚度kyy、kxx接近原结构的1.4倍和1.1倍,此时静压孔位置为相对最优位置区域。依据分析结果开发了新型油膜支承可倾瓦轴承（γ=5°）,通过试验对比分析了普通滑动轴承与新型油膜支承可倾瓦轴承的综合性能,结果表明,高转速时所开发的新型油膜支承可倾瓦轴承具有更好的承载性能与减振性能。研究结果对油膜支承可倾瓦轴承的性能分析具有一定的参考价值,设计轴承静压孔时可根据油膜压力分布规律对其优化以提高轴承性能。     

考虑支点偏置的多孔质可倾瓦轴承静态特性分析

为探究瓦块支点偏置对多孔质可倾瓦轴承静态性能的影响,建立多孔质可倾瓦轴承的热混合润滑模型,应用Fluent软件分析轴承静态特性;采用网格迭代算法和瓦块运动UDF对轴承各瓦块沿枢轴运动及摆动进行模拟,研究偏心率、转子转速、供气压力及枢轴支点偏置对轴承负载能力、质量泄漏量、摩擦扭矩和温升的影响。结果表明：增加轴承支点偏置可提高轴承承载力,特别是在高偏心率、高转速、低供气压力条件下,承载力提高更为明显;在偏心率和转速相同时,适当的支点偏置可显著降低轴承对气体的消耗：但支点偏置会增加摩擦力矩,使转子温度升高,应合理选择支点偏置避免温升对轴承的不利影响。研究结果为多孔质可倾瓦轴承的优化设计提供了参考。     

部分圆弧动静压混合式气体轴承的性能研究

采用有限差分法计算部分圆弧动静压混合式气体轴承的压力分布、承载能力和支承位置角,并与气体静压轴承、气体动压轴承进行比较,表明混合式气体轴承具有较高的承载力,瓦块进口边位置角对部分圆弧混合式轴承的承载能力、载荷位置角有显著影响,在进行轴承结构设计时应充分考虑这一现象。研究了供气压力对混合式轴承性能的影响,表明供气压力的增大可相应提高轴承承载能力。     

The development of pivot bearing with multiple degrees of freedom: 1st report: Prototype of pivot bearing with two degrees of freedom

This paper deals with the prototype of a new pivot bearing having two degrees of freedom. The idea of the pivot bearing is based on a continuous velocity joint (CVJ). The experimental axial stiffness and contact pressure are compared with those determined by theoretical analysis. Then, it is confirmed that the pivot bearing swings smoothly with a range of ±25°. Furthermore, the stiffness of the bearing increases as the swinging angle becomes larger. Therefore, this newly developed pivot bearing may be applied to a parallel mechanism, a joint of robot and so on.     

The development of pivot bearing with multiple degrees of freedom: 2nd Report: Prototype of pivot bearing with three degrees of freedom

In this paper, we report a prototype of a new pivot bearing having three degrees of freedom. The idea of the pivot bearing is based on a constant velocity joint (CVJ). In the first report, two types of pivot bearing were designed and produced. Then, the static performance was examined. In this second paper, we have achieved three degrees of freedom by adding a ball bearing mechanism. However, this bearing with three degrees of freedom was larger than the bearing with two degrees of freedom. Then, in order to improve the internal structure, a full complement ball bearing was applied. Thus, the size of the bearing with three degrees of freedom was conformed to the bearing with two degrees of freedom. Furthermore, process accuracy was evaluated.     

刚性和弹性支撑可倾瓦推力轴承稳态特性分析

建立刚性球头支撑和弹性橡胶垫支撑可倾瓦推力轴承热弹流耦合模型；在弹性橡胶垫支撑可倾瓦推力轴承橡胶垫的弹性变形分析中采用了变形协调矩阵方法，以协调匹配橡胶垫变形和水膜厚度分布，同时在搜索稳态解的过程中引入模拟退火算法；基于变分原理求解Reynolds方程，得到了轴承水膜压力分布，并比较2种推力轴承在转子存在角不对中时的静特性。结果表明：理想工况下，刚、弹支可倾瓦推力轴承稳态特性没有明显区别；当转子存在不对中时，刚性球头支撑可倾瓦轴承在不同瓦块之间受力偏载严重，进而导致瓦面最小水膜厚度过小，瓦块容易出现磨损，而弹性支撑瓦不同瓦块之间水膜力分布更均匀，利于轴承的长期可靠运行。     

Analysis and measurement of torque hysteresis of pivot bearing in hard disk drive applications

During hard disk drive (HDD) operation in the track-following, short seek and seek settling modes, the motion of the actuator, which is supported by a pivot bearing cartridge, has very small amplitudes. The effect of hysteresis friction from the pivot bearing becomes significant, impacting servo performance. Often such effects are not well understood and thus, it is not being taken into consideration during servo design. A study of the hysteresis friction behaviour of pivot bearings is presented. An integrated test apparatus for pivot bearing analysis was designed and built where a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) was used to accurately measure the displacement and velocity of the actuator for feedback control. Using this test apparatus, the hysteresis friction behaviour in both frequency and time domain was analysed. The effects of pre-load, oscillating magnitude and oscillating frequency were investigated. The results obtained can now be used for servo design and pivot bearing evaluation.     

Performance Experiments with a 200 mm,Offset Pivot Journal Pad Bearing

Journal bearings are an important design option, particularly appropriate for high-speed rotating machinery applications. This paper presents results from an extensive program of experimental work with a 200 mm, five-shoe, tilting-pad bearing of this type. The tilting pads were fitted with offset pivots; this is in contrast to most previous work which has concentrated on bearings with pads which have centrally mounted pivots. The new results obtained for the offset pivot pad bearing are compared with recently published, equivalent results for the same bearing filled with center pivot pads. A substantial temperature reduction in bearing temperature is revealed for the offset pivot case.     

推力轴承模型试验件承载能力的实验

将一透平机械中的中型推力轴承通过相似模型化得到模型试验小型轴承,对其承载能力进行了实验,得到了轴瓦的进、出油温度和支点处的油膜厚度。实验表明,可用支点处的油膜厚度来代替最小油膜厚度的测量,为工程实际提供了一种新的测量思路