一种适用于远场噪声抑制的电台话音采集装置

为降低远场噪声对机载超短波电台话音采集的影响,基于麦克风阵列放大器LMV1090和单片机AT89C51重新设计了电台的话音采集装置,在其控制器内增加了模拟的话音增强电路。相比较数字语音增强技术,模拟技术省去了传统的信号放大和A/D、D/A转换电路,对电台硬件改动更少。软件采用单片机控制采集放大器的增益,具备较大的灵活性。试用结果表明,该话音采集装置对远场噪声有较好的抑制效果。     

一种新型交流耐压核查装置的设计

针对智能电能表做耐压测试过程中准确度无法判定的问题,设计了一种以FM3308微处理器为核心的交流耐压核查装置。装置采用模块化设计,包括硬件和软件设计。硬件部分包括电源电路、电压取样电路、计量控制电路、红外通信电路等,软件部分包括主程序流程图和校表流程图。通过标准功率源校验后,耐压核查装置测试数据准确,误差精度高,满足了智能电能表检表的要求和性能。     

Kinetic masks: a new approach and device for dispersing biologically relevant fluids

The controlled dispersion of fluids, particularly biologically relevant solutions in micro-volumes, is of high practical interest in biotechnology and medicine. Pharmaceutical test assays, for example, need a method for the fast and defined deposition of fluid samples. Most current micro-dispensing methods, i.e. contact-based pin printing, have problems such as time delays, limited dosing velocity, minimum volume or high interference that limit biological applications. Spraying techniques suffer from a lack of reproducibility; a defined deposition of samples on targets is not possible. Here, we introduce a new method for the parallel and spatially defined dispersion of many micro-volumes that overcomes disadvantages of common micro-dispensers. The overall approach is that a fluid drop, produced by a droplet generator, falls on a free trajectory with a defined kinetic energy, and is split by a masking unit placed perpendicular to the flight direction into at least two smaller droplets (Zimmermann et al. in Method and device for dosing fluid media, WO/2002/102515, Germany, 2002). On the target, the resulting droplets form reproducible patterns, which are enlarged and scalable images of the grid pattern. Possible applications for this method are non-contact cell patterning, cell encapsulation, cryopreservation and fast mixing processes in micro-volumes. Here, we use this method for the direct and defined parallel positioning of cell suspensions on specific substrates, which can be useful for test assays, tissue engineering and cryopreservation.     

抛光液温控装置结构设计及温度场分析

为精确控制超光滑表面抛光过程中抛光液的温度,根据温控基本原理设计温控装置结构.将用UG建立的温控装置模型导入GAMBIT中进行温度场分析.针对装置内部温度分布不均匀问题,对其结构进行优化：在装置内加入导热隔板将其分为工作区和调温区,制冷器被置于调温区内;将温控装置的外形结构加入过渡圆角.结果表明：优化后的温控装置形成内外环流,工作区温度波动范围为±0.01℃,温度分布均匀对称,满足高精度温控的恒温和匀温要求.     

新型磁阻传感器在地磁场测量中的应用

简要介绍了一种新型高灵敏度磁阻传感器的工作原理和使用方法，并利用它测量了地磁场的主要参量，实验结果表明，用该磁阻传感器测量地磁场，测量方法实用性强，精确度较高。     

一种新型高压信号引出装置的可靠性设计

现有的高压信号引出装置可靠性较差的原因是密封性差和零部件互换性差。为提高其可靠性,文中设计了一种新型高压信号引出装置,并对其密封塞进行了可靠性实验,同时对新设计的高压信号引出装置进行了高压密封性实验和电绝缘性能实验。实验结果表明,新型高压信号引出装置的密封性能和电绝缘性能良好。得到的结论是：该设计能有效地解决高压信号引出装置的密封性问题,提高产品可靠性。     

Design for the elderly: a biological perspective

In past times growing old has been synonymous with increasing disability, so that the old have been seen as sans everything. But it is argued here that old age no longer needs to be a time of greater disability, especially if the lifestyles of children and adults are made as healthy as those in less industrialized nations. Design for old age should consder the effects of ageing tissues and common chronic diseases, but, more importantly, should empower the elderly person so that they may continue a dignified, productive life.     

Evolutionary squeaky wheel optimization: a new framework for analysis

Squeaky wheel optimization (SWO) is a relatively new metaheuristic that has been shown to be effective for many real-world problems. At each iteration SWO does a complete construction of a solution starting from the empty assignment. Although the construction uses information from previous iterations, the complete rebuilding does mean that SWO is generally effective at diversification but can suffer from a relatively weak intensification. Evolutionary SWO (ESWO) is a recent extension to SWO that is designed to improve the intensification by keeping the good components of solutions and only using SWO to reconstruct other poorer components of the solution. In such algorithms a standard challenge is to understand how the various parameters affect the search process. In order to support the future study of such issues, we propose a formal framework for the analysis of ESWO. The framework is based on Markov chains, and the main novelty arises because ESWO moves through the space of partial assignments. This makes it significantly different from the analyses used in local search (such as simulated annealing) which only move through complete assignments. Generally, the exact details of ESWO will depend on various heuristics; so we focus our approach on a case of ESWO that we call ESWO-II and that has probabilistic as opposed to heuristic selection and construction operators. For ESWO-II, we study a simple problem instance and explicitly compute the stationary distribution probability over the states of the search space. We find interesting properties of the distribution. In particular, we find that the probabilities of states generally, but not always, increase with their fitness. This nonmonotonocity is quite different from the monotonicity expected in algorithms such as simulated annealing.     

The stationary phase auxiliary field Monte Carlo method: a new strategy for reducing the sign problem of auxiliary field methodologies

In this paper we focus on a new computational procedure, which permits an efficient calculation within the classical auxiliary field methodology. As has been previously reported, the method suffers from a sign problem, typically encountered in methodologies based on a field-theoretical approach. To ameliorate its statistical convergence, the efforts have so far exclusively been concentrated on the development of efficient analytical integral transformation techniques, such as the method of Gaussian equivalent representation of Efimov et al. In the present work we reformulate the classical auxiliary field methodology according to the concepts of the stationary phase Monte Carlo method of Doll et al., a numerical strategy originally developed for the simulation with real-time path integrals. The procedure, which is here employed for the first time for auxiliary field computation, utilizes an importance sampling strategy, to identify the regions of configuration space that contribute most strongly to the functional integral averages. Its efficiency is here compared to the method of Gaussian equivalent representation.     

Critic: a new program for the topological analysis of solid-state electron densities

In this paper we introduce critic, a new program for the topological analysis of the electron densities of crystalline solids. Two different versions of the code are provided, one adapted to the LAPW (Linear Augmented Plane Wave) density calculated by the WIEN2k package and the other to the ab initio Perturbed Ion (aiPI) density calculated with the pi7 code. Using the converged ground state densities, critic can locate their critical points, determine atomic basins and integrate properties within them, and generate several graphical representations which include topological atomic basins and primary bundles, contour maps of ρ and ∇²ρ, vector maps of ∇ρ, chemical graphs, etc.

Program summary

Program title: CRITICCatalogue identifier: AECB_v1_0Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AECB_v1_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: GPL, version 3No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1 206 843No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 12 648 065Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: FORTRAN 77 and 90Computer: Any computer capable of compiling FortranOperating system: Unix, GNU/LinuxClassification: 7.3Nature of problem: Topological analysis of the electron density in periodic solids.Solution method: The automatic localization of the electron density critical points is based on a recursive partitioning of the Wigner-Seitz cell into tetrahedra followed by a Newton search from significant points on each tetrahedra. Plotting of and integration on the atomic basins is currently based on a new implementation of Keith's promega algorithm.Running time: Variable, depending on the task. From seconds to a few minutes for the localization of critical points. Hours to days for the determination of the atomic basins shape and properties. Times correspond to a typical 2007 PC.     

Sea surface colour in the field of biological oceanography

Abstract

Variations of marine surface optical properties (generally grouped under the term ‘sea surface colour’) are due to dissolved and suspended materials, with different absorption and scattering characteristics, present in sea water. Remote assessments of sea surface colour, therefore, can be used to determine the presence and abundance of water constituents such as biological pigments, suspended sediments or other products of organic matter degradation (the so-called yellow substance). In open sea waters, the pigments due to biological activities, and particularly phytoplankton chlorophyll-like pigments, are the main contributors to surface colour. Hence, observations in the visible spectrum can provide synoptic and repetitive information on parameters linked to biological production and patchiness, or bio-geo-chemical cycles in general. Since water constituents act as tracers of various marine processes, bio-optical patterns on the sea surface can also provide indications about the relationships existing between forcing mechanisms and biological response in the marine environment. These capabilities render optical remote sensing an invaluable tool in the field of biological oceanography, although atmospheric processes and signal ambiguities in the water column may pose severe limitations on this technique. The feasibility and potential of passive remote sensing in the visible spectrum have been demonstrated primarily by the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) experiment. Important results of this experiment have been reported in the study of coastal phenomena, sediment transport, frisheries, upwelling, climatic events, and factors controlling the distribution, growth and fate of phytoplankton. On these latter topics, indications of a strong coupling between dynamical and bio-optical conditions of the marine environment are emerging from the analysis of CZCS image series, for open ocean, near-coastal and enclosed basin conditions. Examples of such studies, covering regions of both the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans and of the Mediterranean Sea, provide clues on the promises of large-scale sea surface colour assessments in the field of biological oceanography.     

Luminous tiles: A new building device for smart architectures and applications

Advanced building materials are nowadays an active research domain. The integration of traditional materials and technologies in the field of electronics, photonics and computer science are leading to a new class of smart components that provide advanced functionalities and enable original applications.The LUMENTILE H2020 EU funded Project aims at the integration of existing and state-of-the-art technologies in the domain of large area electronic circuits, LED based lighting, embedded systems and communication. These technologies are blended with advancements in the manufacturing of ceramic tiles to obtain a new building component that can be managed as a common tile, while providing the possibility to self-illuminate and to sense the neighbor environment by means of dedicated sensors. The applications of these new material and technologies include indoor and outdoor architectural design, smart environments (also targeting improved safety and security issues), smart and high-efficiency lighting and art installations. State-of-the-art advancements are expected in the field of large area circuits and successful integration of heterogeneous materials, mainly focusing on ceramics and electronics.     

Using extension method for health analysis system of a fitness device

This paper used foot-operated fitness equipment, a power generation system and a biomedical measurement system to construct a fitness system for fitness exercise, energy storage and diagnosing the user’s movement conditions. The diagnostic mode is that the rotation speed and output power of pedal-dynamo are converted into the mileage and calorie consumption of the user’s pedaling movement. Second, the biomedical measurement module can diagnose the user’s movement health status timely according to the heartbeat signals and the consumed calories while the user is in exercise. The diagnostic data were integrated using touch tablet PC and LabVIEW software for the image controlled man-machine interface. The user can observe the real-time motion state through the virtual instrument interface. The built-in program can diagnose the health status, and count the total generation and movement process after exercise.     

Data envelopment analysis: a new tool for improving managerial efficiency

Two new applications of the recently developed tool of ‘data envelopment analysis’ are focused on here. One develops the concept of systematic efficiency, and the other the concept of dynamic efficiency. An empirical application shows the tremendous usefulness of this new managerial technique for measuring and improving industrial productivity     

A portable,hand-powered microfluidic device for sorting of biological particles

Manually hand-powered portable microfluidic devices are cheap alternatives for point-of-care diagnostics. Currently, on-field tests are limited by the use of bulky syringe pumps, pressure controller and equipment. In this work, we present a manually operated microfluidic device incorporated with a groove-based channel. We show that the device is capable to effectively sort particles/cells by manual hand powering. First, the grooved-based channel with differently sized polystyrene particles was characterized using syringe pumps to study their distributions under various flow rate conditions. Afterward, the particle mixtures were sorted manually using hand power to verify the capability of this device. Finally, the manually operated device was used to sort platelets from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The platelets were collected with a purity of ~ 100%. The purity of PBMCs was enhanced from 0.8 to 10.4% after multiple processes which results in an enrichment ratio of 13.8. During the process of manual hand pumping, the flow fluctuation caused by unstable injection will not influence the sorting performance. Due to its simplicity, this manually operated microfluidic chip is suitable for outfield settings.     

Trajectory sensitivity analysis: a new criterion

For linear system simulation and analysis, it is sometimes necessary to compare the trajectories of a nominal system and a perturbed system. The perturbed system may result from system parameter variations, non-linearities, model reduction, suboptimal controller design and soon. A criterion to measure the trajectory deviation is established through the definition of the error index. The analytical expression of the error index and its application are presented in the paper.     

圆筒电容器静电场的数值分析

在 110kV电容分压式电压互感器设计的过程中 ,电容器本身的绝缘是很关键的。应用有限元法对圆筒电容器的电势分布进行了计算 ,为绝缘结构的设计奠定了理论基础     

Bio-PEPA: A framework for the modelling and analysis of biological systems

In this work we present Bio-PEPA, a process algebra for the modelling and the analysis of biochemical networks. It is a modification of PEPA, originally defined for the performance analysis of computer systems, in order to handle some features of biological models, such as stoichiometry and the use of general kinetic laws. Bio-PEPA may be seen as an intermediate, formal, compositional representation of biological systems, on which different kinds of analyses can be carried out. Bio-PEPA is enriched with some notions of equivalence. Specifically, the isomorphism and strong bisimulation for PEPA have been considered and extended to our language. Finally, we show the translation of a biological model into the new language and we report some analysis results.     

Constant-curl Laplacian equation: a new approach for the analysis of flows around bodies

Constant-curl Laplacian equation is a new approach to study the behaviour of flows around bodies that do not present boundary-layer separation. It owns the simplicity and linearity of a potential analysis but also includes the rotational effects induced by a rotational displacement of the body such as turbine blades, manoeuvring aircrafts, etc. It assumes that this rotation is constant so that complex curved trajectories should be treated approximating the original path by a series of circular tracks. The idea is based upon a kinematic scheme that states the nullity of the velocity field Laplacian, imposing simultaneously the conditions of incompressibility and constant curl for velocity. We use 9-nodes isoparametric finite elements interpolating velocities and imposing the constant-curl condition by a modified penalty method and incompressibility by a classical one. The numerical results were compared satisfactorily against experimental data for aerodynamic forces and wake constitution on wind-turbine blades.