聚四氟乙烯填充PA1010的摩擦磨损性能研究

以注塑成型法制备了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)填充PA1010复合材料,利用M-2000磨损试验机测试了该复合材料与GCr15轴承钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了试样磨损表面形貌.结果表明:PTFE填充PA1010可显著改善尼龙复合材料的摩擦磨损性能.w(PTFE)为25%时,复合材料的摩擦学综合性能最佳.复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损体积随施加载荷、滑动速度的增加分别呈现降低和增加的趋势.在200 N载荷下,复合材料磨损主要为磨粒磨损;在400 N载荷下,磨损表现为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损共同作用.在滑动速度为0.21 m/s时,材料摩擦表面因挤压发生塑性流变,其磨损机理为磨粒磨损;在滑动速度为0.84 m/s,复合材料因热疲劳和应力疲劳发生剥层,磨损机理转变为疲劳剥层磨损.     

Tribological Behavior of Nano-ZrO_2 Reinforced PTFE-PPS Composites

Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) is a commonly used seal material for oil-free engine that is well known for its excellent tribological properties. In this work, the nano-ZrO_2 particles were used as the friction modifiers to improve the friction and wear performance of PTFE-PPS composites. The friction and wear characteristics of PTFE/PPS-nano-ZrO_2 composites were investigated by a block-on-ring tester under dry friction sliding condition. The worn surfaces, counterpart transfer films and wear debris were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the increase of nanoZrO_2 content could effectively reduce the coefficient of friction and enhance the anti-wear ability of PTFEPPS composites. Especially, the best tribological properties of the composites were obtained when the particle content of nano-ZrO_2 was 10 vol%, the anti-wear performance of composite is 195 times better than that of the unfilled PTFE-PPS composite. Under different conditions, the coefficient of friction of PTFE/PPS-nano-ZrO_2 composites was more affected by the applied load while the wear rate was more affected by the sliding velocity.     

PTFE和MoS_2填充尼龙复合材料摩擦行为研究

以注塑成型法制备了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和MoS2填充PA1010复合材料,采用M-2000磨损试验机考察了复合材料与45钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了PA复合材料磨损表面及其偶件表面转移膜形貌。研究结果表明:PTFE填充PA1010可显著改善尼龙复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。PTFE质量分数为25%时,复合材料的摩擦学综合性能最佳。PTFE和MoS2共同填充PA1010时,复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率随着PTFE含量的减少、MoS2含量的增加,整体呈现增大趋势,其中PA+20%PTFE+5%MoS2复合材料的减摩抗磨性能较好。在正常工作条件下(0.21-0.42 m/s,100-300 N),PA+25%PTFE复合材料的抗磨性优于相同条件下PA+20%PTFE+5%MoS2复合材料,但PA+20%PTFE+5%MoS2复合材料具有更宽的速度适用范围。PA复合材料的摩擦磨损性能与其在偶件表面形成的转移膜的特性有重要关系,转移膜的厚度大小、分布均匀状况以及和偶件的结合强度都会对复合材料的减摩抗磨性能产生影响。     

Investigation on tribological behaviors of the modified UHMWPE with different structures of Schiff base copper complexes

Investigation on the law of tribological modifying activity influenced by structure of additives will make prediction and design of materials tribological behaviors possible.Four types of diamine Schiff base Cu(II)complexes as additives for modifying UHMWPE are synthesized,they are respectively:Cu(II)complex with ethlenediamion-N,N′-bis(salicylidene),Cu(II)complex with 1,6-hexanediamine-N,N′-bis(salicylidene),Cu(II)complex with 1,2-cyclohexanediamion-N,N′-bis(salicylidene)and Cu(II)complex with 1,2-phenylendiamion-N,N′-bis(salicylidene).Friction coefficient of the modified UHMWPE/Ti6Al4V is studied using a reciprocating friction and wear tester between line/surface contacts sliding in reciprocating under the condition of boundary lubrication with 25 vol% calf serum deionized water solution,at the same time volume loss of wear of the polymers is measured.3D topographies of the worn surfaces of the polymers and images of the worn surfaces of titanium alloys against the polymers are investigated respectively by CWLM and SEM.How the structural unit R of Schiff base copper complexes in the modified UHMWPE influences their tribological modifying activity is also discussed.Results show that the smaller the group R is,the higher the modifying activity is obtained,and the open chain is more reactive than that of alkyl and aromatic ring.Therefore,the Cu(II)complex with ethlenediamion-N,N′-bis(salicylidene)has the highest tribological modifying activity as its R group is the smallest and open.     

Dry Friction Characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy under High Sliding Velocity

Tribological behaviours of Ti-6Al-4V alloy pins sliding against GCr15 steel discs over a range of contact pressures （0.33-1.33 MPa） and sliding velocities （30-70 m/s） were investigated using a pin-on-disc tribometer under unlubricated conditions. The wear mechanisms and the wear transition were analyzed based on examinations of worn surfaces using SEM, EDS and XRD. When the velocity increases, the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy show typical transition features, namely, the critical values of sliding velocities for 0.33 and 0.67 MPa are 60 and 40 m/s, respectively. The experimental results reveal that the tribological behaviours of Ti-6Al-4V alloys are controlled by the thermal-mechanical effects, which connects with the friction heat and hard particles of the pairs. A tribolayer containing mainly Ti oxides and V oxides is formed on the worn surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.     

静电冷却技术对钛合金摩擦磨损性能的影响

为了更好地将静电冷却技术应用到钛合金的车削中,在自行设计的高速摩擦磨损试验装置上,进行了YG8/Ti6A14V摩擦副的摩擦磨损试验.结果表明:静电冷却技术可以有效地降低YG8/Ti6A14V摩擦副间的摩擦系数,在抑制摩擦副磨损的同时还可以改善Ti6A14V磨损表面质量.扫描电镜分析表明,硬质合金高速摩擦时的磨损机理以粘...     

GF/MoS2改性PTFE密封唇片材料的力学及摩擦学性能

采用玻璃纤维(GF)微粉与MoS₂复合改性聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)密封唇片材料,考察复合材料的力学、干摩擦磨损性能及其磨损机理。结果表明:当GF质量分数为15%时,PTFE/GF试样的回弹率达到最大值92.5%,摩擦因数为0.29,相比纯PTFE有所增加,而磨损率大大降低,仅为1.8×10?6mm3/(N·m);在此基础上,当MoS₂添加量为5%时,PTFE/GF/MoS₂试样的回弹率略有降低,但仍然保持在90%以上,其摩擦因数为0.31,体积磨损率进一步降低到1.25×10?6mm3/(N·m)。磨损面SEM分析表明:纯PTFE呈现出严重的塑性变形和粘着磨损特征,而PTFE/GF主要表现为磨粒磨损行为;适当MoS₂含量的PTFE/GF/MoS₂试样在摩擦过程中磨粒磨损特征消失,仅有非常轻微的粘着磨损行为。     

几种氧化铝基陶瓷材料的摩擦特性及有限元分析

利用高速环-块摩擦磨损试验机,研究了Al2O3、Al2O3/Ti(C,N)、Al2O3/TiC/CaF2陶瓷材料在室温下与45#钢干摩擦时的摩擦特性,并利用ANSYS分析了摩擦过程中的应力分布。结果表明:纯Al2O3和Al2O3/Ti(C,N)随着转速和载荷(载荷为10 N除外)的增加摩擦系数呈下降趋势;Al2O3/TiC/CaF2的摩擦系数先随转速增大而略有上升,然后减小,随着载荷(载荷为10 N除外)的增加摩擦系数减小。与Al2O3相比,Al2O3/Ti-(C,N)陶瓷的最大主应力和最大剪应力接近,但力学性能优于Al2O3陶瓷,使磨粒的刻划作用减弱,摩擦磨损性能改善;Al2O3/TiC/CaF2自润滑陶瓷的主应力和剪应力明显降低,并且在摩擦过程中自润滑陶瓷能在摩擦表面形成一层自润滑膜,从而改善了摩擦磨损性能。     

A comparative study of tribological properties between perfluoro and non-perfluoro alkylsilane self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)

The tribological properties of perfluoro and non-perfluoro alkylsilane molecular films were investigated and compared detailedly. Their surface properties were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle (CA) measurement. A ball-on-disk tribometer was used to study the frictional properties of these alkylsilane monolayers. The experimental results reveal that the alkylsilane molecular films are good candidates to decrease friction and they have good capability to endure rigorous shear forces. Perfluoro alkylsilane molecular films are bonded better with the Si substrate than the simple hydrocarbon ones. The effects of sliding velocity and normal load on friction coefficient are evident and the friction coefficient increases with the increase of the sliding velocity. However, friction coefficient decreases with the increase of normal load initially and then increases, indicating there exists a critical normal load for the load effect. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50730007 and 50805086), the Foundation of Tsighua Basic Research, and the National Key Basic Research Program of China(No. 2007CB607604)     

High temperature tribological behaviors of nano-diamond as oil additive

The tribological behaviors of the nano-diamond particles including the nano-diamond and the nano-diamond modified were studied at high temperature using SRV multifunctional test system. The worn steel surfaces were analyzed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that nano-diamond particles can obviously improve the antiwear and friction reducing properties of the base oil at high temperature and the high load. The friction coefficient of the nano-diamond is very low at 200 °C when the test load is not more than 20 N. This tribological behaviors should attributed to the similarly to “ball bearing” lubrication action of the nano-diamond particles, so the movement between tribological pairs become sliding/rolling. The nano-diamond modified by dimer ester possesses excellent antiwear and friction reducing performance at 500 °C and load 500 N. The tribochemical reaction film between the nano-diamond particles and the renascent wear surface plays dominating lubrication role and the presence of the dimer ester on the rubbing surface can be propitious to form lubrication film containing nano-diamond on the worn surface at high temperature and high load. Foundation item: Project (51489020605JS9105) supported by National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing     

磁控溅射Ti掺杂NbN薄膜的机械和摩擦学特性研究

为研究Ti掺杂的NbN薄膜的机械和摩擦学特性,采用射频和直流磁控共溅射技术制备了Ti掺杂的NbN(Ti:NbN)薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、纳米压痕仪、高温摩擦磨损实验机分别对Ti掺杂的NbN薄膜的微观结构、组成成分、表面形貌、机械和摩擦学性能进行了研究.XRD测试结果显示,薄膜的结晶性随着Ti靶掺杂功率的增加(从0 W逐渐升高到40 W)而呈明显增强趋势,晶粒尺寸也由18.010 nm增加到21.227 nm.当Ti靶的掺杂功率为30 W时,NbN薄膜的硬度由4.5 GPa(未掺杂)增加到20.4 GPa,弹性模量由145.8 GPa(未掺杂)增加到224.5 GPa; 当Ti靶的掺杂功率为40 W时,NbN薄膜的摩擦系数由0.73(未掺杂)下降到0.51,磨损率由3.3×10^-6 mm³/(N·mm)(未掺杂)下降到2.1×10^-6 mm³/(N·mm).这表明,掺杂Ti可使NbN薄膜的机械性能和摩擦学性能得到很大的改善.     

Tribological Behaviours of PTFE Composites Filled with PEEK and Nano-ZrO_2 Based on Pin-on-Flat Reciprocating Friction Model

Nano-Zr O_2 and PEEK particles were synergistically filled in unfilled PTFE to improve the wear resistance and maintain a relatively low friction coefficient, and the materials were studied using a reciprocating sliding friction and wear tester. In the friction tests, the evolution of various tribological characteristics in both the contact interfaces and debris was observed, and the wear mechanism of the PTFE composites was investigated. The results showed that the wear rate of the PTFE composites synergistically filled with nano-Zr O_2 and PEEK was lower and its friction coefficient was slightly higher than that of the unfilled PTFE; the uniformity and continuity of the transfer film generated by the composite with nano-Zr O_2 and PEEK were the best, and the particle size of the debris was minimal in comparison to that in other sample systems.     

纳米Si3N4颗粒填充铸型尼龙的摩擦学性能研究

为了研究纳米Si3N4颗粒作为填料对铸型尼龙（MC尼龙）的摩擦磨损性能的影响，选用两种复合材料在MM－200摩擦磨损试验机上进行了试验研究，并借助于扫描电镜观察了磨损形貌，探讨了磨损机理，研究结果表明，在干摩擦条件下，Si3N4颗粒填MC尼龙与钢环对摩的摩擦数随载荷的升高而降低，在相同载荷时均高于纯尼龙，在一定的滑动速度下，Si3N4颗粒填充MC尼龙的耐磨性能与载荷大小有关，当载荷较低时，复合材料的耐磨性能比纯尼龙好，其磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，当载荷较高时，复合材料的耐磨性能不如纯尼龙，其磨损机理主要是疲劳剥落，并有磨粒磨损和粘着磨损。     

牙修复材料的摩擦学特性研究

在WTM-1E微型摩擦磨损试验仪上对3种牙修复材料做摩擦磨损实验,并利用扫描电子显微镜对摩擦后材料的表面形貌观察,发现钛、钛合金的摩擦系数大小及变化趋势基本一致,两者的摩擦学特性相似;银汞合金的摩擦系数明显低于其他金属材料;与Si3N4陶瓷球对磨时钛的磨损机制为粘着磨损,钛合金为粘着磨损与磨粒磨损并存,而银汞合金为磨粒磨损。结论:银汞合金不适宜作为牙修复材料使用,而钛和钛合金都具有良好的耐磨性,是较为理想的牙修复材料。     

Tribological performances of Si3N4 ceramic in vacuum

The ceramic material,due to its finer mechanicalcapabilities,is noticed widely by engineers and used inmany fields such as automobile industry,chemical in-dustry,aviation and space flight[1,2].As space explo-ration expands,the investigation on tribological proper-ties of ceramic material in vacuum is recognized.Thegrease is easy to evaporate in vacuum,which can pol-lute nearby apparatuses and meters and even causetheir failure,so many parts of a spacecraft cannot belubricated with grease[3].A …     

Corrosion resistance of Molybdenum Nitride modified Ti6Al4V alloy in HCl solution

The Mo-N surface modified layer on Ti6Al4V alloy was obtained by the plasma surface alloying technique. The structure and composition of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy （GDOES）. The Mo-N modified layer contains Mo-N coating on subsurface and diffusion layers between the subsurface and substrate. The X- ray diffraction analysis of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy reveals that the outmost surface of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy is composed of phase Mo2N （fcc） and Mo2N （tetr）. The electrochemical corrosion performance of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution was investigated and compared with that of Ti6Al4V alloy. The chemical corrosion performance of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy in boiling 37% HCl solution was investigated and compared with that of Ti6Al4V alloy. Results indicate that self-corroding electric potentials and corrosion-rate of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy are higher than that of Ti6Al4V alloy in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution. The corrosion-rate of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy is lower than that of Ti6Al4V alloy in boiling 37% HCl solution.     

Dry sliding wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in air

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负泊松比超构材料摩擦学性能研究

负泊松比超构材料因其优异的性能而被广泛应用于各工程领域。本文针对负泊松比超构材料的摩擦学性能,以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）材料为载体,基于典型内凹六边形负泊松比结构,利用熔融沉积成型3D打印技术制备了负泊松比（Negative Poisson''s Ratio, NPR）试样和实体试样,结合环-块摩擦磨损试验、扫描电子显微镜、白光共焦三维形貌仪以及有限元静力学应力应变分析等测试手段,对比研究了不同载荷（10、30、50 N）工况下NPR试样与实体试样摩擦学性能的差异性。研究结果表明：1）不同载荷下,NPR试样的应力与变形大于实体试样,且随着载荷增加,NPR试样内部单元的关节处出现应力,负泊松比效应更加明显;2）相同载荷下,NPR试样的摩擦系数较小,磨损量较大,且摩擦接触界面出现犁沟,基体产生磨粒磨损,随着载荷的增加,部分磨屑粘着在NPR试样摩擦表面,磨损机理转变为粘着磨损;3）在较大载荷（本滚动试验条件下为50 N）下,NPR试样负泊松比效应增强,发挥出更好的减振抗冲击性能和能量吸收与传递作用,相比于低载荷（30 N）,摩擦系数减小,磨损量降低,有利于提高试样的摩擦学性能。研究成果丰富和完善了负泊松比摩擦学材料的研究体系,在材料科学研究前沿进行探索性尝试,为负泊松比材料在摩擦学工程领域应用提供基础数据和技术支撑。     

Load Dependence of Nanohardness in Nitrogen Ion Implanted Ti6Al4V Alloy and Fractal Characterization

Three different nitrogen ion doses were implanted into a Ti6Al4V alloy to improve its mechanical surface properties for the application of artificial joints. The titanium nitride phase and nitrogen element distribution profile were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Nano-indentation tests were carried out on the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloy and implanted samples on a large scale of applied loads. The XPS analysis results indicate that nitrogen diffuses into the titanium alloy and forms a hard TiN layer on the Ti6Al4V alloy. The nanohardness results reveal that nitrogen ion implantation effectively enhances the surface hardness of Ti6Al4V. In addition, the nanohardness clearly reveals load dependence over a large segment of the applied loads. Thus a concept of nanohardness fractal dimension is first proposed and the dual fractal model can effectively describe nonlinear deformation in indentation areas on the Ti6Al4V surface. The fractal dimension shows a decreased trend in two regions of applied loads, indicating a decrease of the self-similarity complexity in surface indentation owing to an increase in nanohardness after nitrogen ion implantation.     

Load Dependence of Nanohardness in Nitrogen Ion Implanted Ti6AI4V Alloy and Fractal Characterization

Three different nitrogen ion doses were implanted into a Ti6A14V alloy to improve its mechanical surface properties for the application of artificial joints. The titanium nitride phase and nitrogen element distribution profile were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Nano-indentation tests were carried out on the surface of the Ti6A14V alloy and implanted samples on a large scale of applied loads. The XPS analysis results indicate that nitrogen diffuses into the titanium alloy and forms a hard TiN layer on the Ti6A14V alloy. The nanohardness results reveal that nitrogen ion implantation effectively enhances the surface hardness of Ti6A14V. In addition, the nanohardness clearly reveals load dependence over a large segment of the applied loads. Thus a concept of nanohardness fractal dimension is first proposed and the dual fractal model can effectively describe nonlinear deformation in indentation areas on the Ti6A14V surface. The fractal dimension shows a decreased trend in two regions of applied loads, indicating a decrease of the self-similarity complexity in surface indentation owing to an increase in nanohardness after nitrogen ion implantation.