DDP修饰PbO纳米微粒的摩擦学性能研究

合成了分散性良好 ,粒径约为 5nm的二烷基二硫代磷酸 (DDP)修饰PbO纳米微粒 ,并用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学行为 .结果表明 ,DDP修饰PbO纳米微粒在极低的添加浓度下即具有良好的抗磨效果 ,但是却不能降低基础油的摩擦系数 .摩擦过程中在摩擦表面产生的PbO沉积膜对其摩擦学性能起了主要贡献     

TiO_2改性PTFE复合材料力学与摩擦性能的研究

PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)因为机械性能方面存在的一些缺陷限制了其应用.通过向PTFE中添加TiO2颗粒,制得改性PTFE材料,并对其力学性能和摩擦性能进行测试,以讨论TiO2颗粒添加量对PTFE材料的影响.     

Mechanical properties and tribological behavior of a cast heat-resisting copper based alloy

Mechanical properties and tribological behavior of a novel cast heat-resisting copper based alloy are investigated. The corresponding properties of a commercial aluminum bronze C95500 (ASTM B30) are compared with the alloy. The results show that the alloy possesses better mechanical properties and tribological behaviors than that of C95500 at elevated temperature. The tensile strength, elongation and hardness at 500℃ are 470MPa, 2.5% and HB220, respectively. The wear rate of the developed alloy at ambient and elevated temperature is about one-sixth and one-fortieth of that of C95500, respectively. The alloy is very suitable for ma-nufacturing heat-resisting and wear-resisting parts. Major strengthening mechanisms for the alloy are solution strengthening and the second phase strengthening.     

TC4钛合金表面微织构干摩擦特性

为改善TC4钛合金表面摩擦学性能,采用皮秒紫外激光技术在TC4钛合金表面加工了3种形状的微织构。使用多功能摩擦磨损试验机研究了织构化TC4钛合金在多接触条件下的摩擦学特性,并采用显微硬度仪、扫描电镜、激光共聚焦显微镜对织构化TC4钛合金的表面硬度、表面粗糙度、磨痕三维轮廓和磨痕形貌等进行分析。结果表明,织构化TC4表面硬度提升约60%,其中三角形凹坑织构表面综合硬度最高;微织构能有效降低TC4表面接触过程的摩擦系数,其中圆形与矩形织构摩擦系数最低,较无织构表面减少约10%;微织构能捕获磨屑,减少磨粒磨损,提高耐磨性能,相同接触条件下,织构化试样磨损量减少了50%;当载荷一定时,速度增加可使织构化TC4表面摩擦系数降低;当摩擦速度一定时,载荷降低可导致织构化TC4表面摩擦系数降低。本研究可为提升钛合金表面摩擦学性能提供研究思路,减少钛合金因摩擦磨损造成的损失与事故。     

金属Y掺杂Mo -N薄膜的机械性能和摩擦学性质研究

利用射频磁控和直流磁控共溅射的方法制备了金属Y掺杂的 Mo -N 薄膜.对制备的薄膜样品进行元素组成、微观结构、表面形貌、摩擦学性质分析显示:薄膜的择优取向由未掺杂时的γ -Mo₂N(111)改变为Y掺杂后的γ -Mo₂N(200).与未掺杂的 Mo -N 薄膜相比较,所制备的MoYN薄膜的硬度明显降低,但耐磨性和平均摩擦系数均有所改善.其中Y掺杂含量为9.44at%时,薄膜的耐磨性为最佳,平均摩擦系数为最小(0.283),硬度为(24.13±3.15)GPa.     

Analysis on tribological properties of potentially new friction material with response surface method

The tribological properties of newly developed friction material were evaluated by statistical analysis of the major affecting factors.The material for investigation was non-metallic friction material synergistically reinforced with aramid fibre and CaSO 4 whisker,which was developed for hoisting applications in coal mine.The response surface method(RSM)was employed to analyze the material performances affected by the independent and interactive effect of the factors under the normal working condition and severe working condition,respectively.Results showed that under the normal working condition,the newly developed material exhibited stable tribological properties which were insensitive to the test conditions.While under the severe working condition,the sliding velocity was the most dominant factor affecting the friction coefficient.Additionally,compared to the commercially available material,the modified material showed superior wear resistance and thermal stability.     

磁控溅射Ti掺杂NbN薄膜的机械和摩擦学特性研究

为研究Ti掺杂的NbN薄膜的机械和摩擦学特性,采用射频和直流磁控共溅射技术制备了Ti掺杂的NbN(Ti:NbN)薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、纳米压痕仪、高温摩擦磨损实验机分别对Ti掺杂的NbN薄膜的微观结构、组成成分、表面形貌、机械和摩擦学性能进行了研究.XRD测试结果显示,薄膜的结晶性随着Ti靶掺杂功率的增加(从0 W逐渐升高到40 W)而呈明显增强趋势,晶粒尺寸也由18.010 nm增加到21.227 nm.当Ti靶的掺杂功率为30 W时,NbN薄膜的硬度由4.5 GPa(未掺杂)增加到20.4 GPa,弹性模量由145.8 GPa(未掺杂)增加到224.5 GPa; 当Ti靶的掺杂功率为40 W时,NbN薄膜的摩擦系数由0.73(未掺杂)下降到0.51,磨损率由3.3×10^-6 mm³/(N·mm)(未掺杂)下降到2.1×10^-6 mm³/(N·mm).这表明,掺杂Ti可使NbN薄膜的机械性能和摩擦学性能得到很大的改善.     

经激光表面熔凝处理的Mg-11Y-2.5Zn合金的显微组织和摩擦学性能

用X-ray衍射和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜对经激光表面熔凝处理的Mg-11Y-2.5Zn合金进行显微组织和相组成分析,并测量改性层硬度变化。研究结果表明,经激光表面熔凝处理后,改性层由熔化区和热影响区组成,熔化区的显微组织明显细化,硬度有所改善。研究了经激光表面处理和铸态Mg-11Y-2.5Zn合金的摩擦学性能,滑移速率为0.785m/s,载荷范围为20～320N。两者的摩擦因子无显著差异,但经激光表面处理的Mg-11Y-2.5Zn合金表现出较低的磨损率,归结于熔凝区的组织细化和硬度增加。SEM磨损表面形貌分析表明,激光表面熔凝处理的合金与未处理合金的磨损机制基本相同,轻微磨损阶段为磨粒磨损和剥层磨损,严重磨损阶段为表面热软化和熔化磨损。     

凸轮材料的表面强化及其摩擦学特性

研究了汽车用铁基烧结凸轮材料在3种表面处理状态下(烧结态、激光表面淬火和高频感应淬火)的显微组织、显微硬度及其摩擦学特性。研究结果表明:经2种表面淬火后,材料的表面得到一均匀的硬化层,其组织为细针状的马氏体组织,材料表面的耐磨性和摩擦系数得到了显著的改善。激光淬火凸轮材料的表面摩擦学特性略优于高频淬火凸轮材料。在本试验参数范围内,随着试验载荷的提高,激光淬火铁基烧结凸轮材料的磨损机制发生转变,由轻微氧化磨损和磨粒磨损机制转化为严重氧化磨损、磨粒磨损和剥层磨损机制。     

Surface analysis of chemical stripping titanium alloy oxide films

The chemical stripping method of titanium alloy oxide films was studied. An environment friendly solution hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide without hydrofluoric acid or fluoride were used to strip the oxide films. The morphologies of the surface and cross-section of the oxide films before and after the films stripping were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microstructure and chemical compositions of the oxide films before and after the films stripping were investigated by using Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was shown that the thickness of the oxide film was in the range of 5-6 μm. The oxide films were stripped for 2 to 8 min in the solution. Moreover, the effect of the stripping time on the efficiency of the film stripping was investigated, and the optimum stripping time was between 6-8 min. When the stripping solution completely dissolved the whole film, the α/β microstructure of the titanium alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al was partly revealed. The stripping mechanism was discussed in terms of the dissolution of film delamination. The hydrogen peroxide had a significant effect on the dissolution of the titanium alloy anodic oxide film. The feasibility of the dissolution reaction also was evaluated.     

表面修饰纳米硼酸锌粒子的制备与摩擦学性能研究

采用沉淀法合成了油酸表面修饰的硼酸锌纳米粒子,并分别用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(IR)对粒子的形貌、物相和表面结构进行了分析。制备的硼酸锌纳米粒子粒径均匀,粒径在20 nm左右,并能在润滑油中均匀分散。磨损试验表明:添加质量分数0.2%的纳米硼酸锌粒子能使磨损程度降低52%左右,摩擦区表面温度降低31%左右,摩擦系数也有明显降低。     

金属Y和Cr共掺杂W2N薄膜的力学及摩擦学性能研究

采用磁控溅射法,通过改变氩氮比率,在Si(100)衬底上成功制备了W₂N薄膜,当氩氮比率为20:6时薄膜的结晶性最好.为了改善W₂N薄膜的力学和摩擦学性能,采用射频和直流磁控共溅射方法分别在Si(100)和A304不锈钢衬底上制备了软质金属Y和硬质金属Cr共掺杂的W₂N(Y-Cr:W₂N)薄膜.在掺杂功率20～50 W范围内,当掺杂功率为30 W时,薄膜具有最大硬度,为23.71 GPa,此时样品的弹性模量为256.34 GPa; 当掺杂功率为20 W时,薄膜的平均磨擦系数最小,为0.37.这表明,金属Y和Cr的掺入使W₂N薄膜的力学和摩擦学性能有了很大的改善.     

Cellular response to titanium discs coated with polyelectrolyte multilayer films

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects ofpolyelectrolyte multilayer （PEM） coatings on the biological behavior of titanium （Ti） substrates. Collagen type I/hyaluronic acid （Col/HA） and chitosan/hyaluronic acid （Chi/HA） multilayer PEM coatings were introduced onto Ti substrates using layer-by-layer assembly. Contact angle instruments and quartz crystal microbalance were used for film characterization. The results obtained showed that both Col/HA and Chi/HA surfaces had high hydrophilicity and promoted cell adhesion in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast and human gingival fibroblast cells. In addition, the synthesis of function-related proteins and gene expression levels in both MC3T3-E1 and fibroblast cells was higher for the Col/HA coating compared with the Chi/HA coating, indicating better cellular response to the Col/HA coating.     

Cooperative effect of surface alloying and laser texturing on tribological performance of lubricated surfaces

The cooperative effect of laser surface texturing (LST) and double glow plasma surface alloying on tribological performance of lubricated sliding contacts was investigated. A Nd:YAG laser was used to generate microdimples on steel surfaces. Dimples with the diameter of 150 μm and the depth of 30–35 μm distributed circumferentially on the disc surface. The alloying element Cr was sputtered to the laser texturing steel surface by double glow plasma technique. A deep diffusion layer with a thickness of 30 μm and a high hardness of HV900 was formed in this alloy. Tribological experiments of three types of samples (smooth, texturing and texturing + alloying) were conducted with a ring-on-disc tribometer to simulate the face seal. It is found that, in comparison with smooth steel surfaces, the laser texturing samples significantly reduce the friction coefficient. Moreover, the lower wear rate of the sample treated with the two surface techniques is observed.     

Surface characteristics of mussel-inspired polydopamine coating on titanium substrates

Mussel adhesive proteins are non-toxic, biodegradable and have low immunogenic qualities that make them highly attractive for medical purposes compared with man-made materials. 3,4-DOPA, which is a dopamine precursor, is a critical element for achieving mussel-like adhesive properties. In present study, polydopamine was coated onto the titanium surfaces by dipping in a 2 mg/mL dopamine solution in 10 mM Tris- HCl buffer at pH 8.5. EDX element analysis and Raman spectroscopic analysis of the surface were conducted to verify the formation of polydopamine. The surface characteristics of polydopamine-coated titanium plates were observed by SEM and AFM. Hydrophilicity and corrosion-resistance were also evaluated by static contact angle measurements and potentiodynamic polarization corrosion tests. The absorption intensity for pH-induced polymerization rapidly increased for the initial four hours and thereafter smoothly increased. EDX element analyses revealed that the content of carbon and oxygen increased and the content of titanium decreased after the coating process. In the Raman spectra, polydopamine resulted in two new peaks at approximately 1 370 and 1 570 cm^-1 resulting from the stretching and deformation of catechol. Microstructural features revealed that nanometer-sized bright granules were randomly distributed after coating, and these nanoparticles grew with increased coating time. The Ra values of polydopamine-coated titanium plates were showed to increase with coating time. Compared to the pure titanium curve, the inflection point of polydopamine-coated titanium was located at a higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion current density. Findings from our research suggested that polydopamine coatings offer a versatile approach for titanium surface modification.     

表面氧化改性对丁腈橡胶力学性能的影响

为了提高丁腈橡胶的力学及摩擦学性能,利用以浓硫酸为主配制的氧化性溶液对其进行表面化学改性.研究了硫酸浓度、浸泡时间对丁腈橡胶表面力学和摩擦学性能的影响,借助SEM分别观察其断裂和磨损形貌,分析了表面改性对丁腈橡胶性能的影响.结果表明,经50%硫酸混合溶液处理的丁腈橡胶,其力学和摩擦学性能随浸泡时间的延长而大幅度提高;经70%硫酸混合溶液处理的则结果相反.硫酸浓度过大可使表面组织致密性增加、硬度增大,但表面出现裂纹,其力学性能和摩擦学性能大幅下降.     

硬脂酸干法改性水镁石的表面性质

水镁石作为一种天然的无机阻燃材料有许多的优点,但是由于其表面能高,存在团聚现象,使其与聚合物混合时相容性不好,严重影响了其阻燃性能和材料的物理性能。针对水镁石这一缺点,采用干法改性技术,用硬脂酸在室温条件下对水镁石表面进行改性,通过对改性后水镁石的活化指数、沉降时间、DOP/水镁石黏度进行测试,确定了硬脂酸的最佳用量为1.5%(质量分数),以乙醇为分散剂的最佳稀释比例为1/10,最佳改性时间为80 min。最佳条件下改性水镁石与未改性水镁石FT-IR谱图对比分析表明,硬脂酸与水镁石之间发生的是酸碱反应,在水镁石表面生成硬脂酸镁;同时,对改性水镁石热乙醇洗涤前后的FT-IR谱图分析表明,硬脂酸镁是以物理吸附的形式存在于水镁石表面。     

电沉积铅合金在硫酸中循环伏安行为的研究

采用循环伏安法研究了铜上电沉积铅锡合金和铸造的铅合金在硫酸中的电化学行为,并且在多次循环后,比较两种电极的循环伏安曲线及表面形貌．结果表明：在硫酸电解液中,铜上电沉积铅锡合金电极表面发生的主要电化学反应,与铸造铅电极表面发生的主要的电化学反应基本相同,多次循环后电沉积铅锡合金电极具有更加均匀的表面形貌和组织结构．     

对偶件表面状态对DLC薄膜摩擦学性能的影响

采用碳离子束注入辅助蒸发技术在Ti6A14V球表面低温沉积了DLC薄膜，探讨了微摩擦试验过程中，对偶件UHMWPE的表面粗糙度及表面湿润性对DLC薄膜摩擦学性能的影响状况。研究发现：碳离子束注入辅助蒸发技术沉积的DLC薄膜与UHMWPE配副时，其摩擦学性能受到对偶表面粗糙度、润湿性的影响，对偶件UHMWPE表面的低粗糙度、较差润湿性有助于DLC/UHMWPE摩擦副减小摩擦系数。     

奥氏体不锈钢表面等离子渗锆合金层的抗酸腐蚀性研究

为提高0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢在特殊应用环境的耐酸腐蚀性能,采用双辉等离子渗金属技术在不锈钢基体表面渗锆,对渗锆合金层的相结构进行检测分析,将奥氏体不锈钢基体试样和表面渗锆试样分别在0.5 mol/LH2SO4溶液、0.5mol/L HNO3溶液、0.5 mol/L HCl溶液进行电化学腐蚀对比试验。结果表明:在H2SO4溶液、HNO3溶液、HCl溶液中,不锈钢基材的相对腐蚀速度分别是渗锆合金层的2.18倍、9.73倍、24.43倍;不锈钢基体表面腐蚀较为严重,而渗锆合金层表面仅出现轻微的局部腐蚀坑。奥氏体不锈钢表面渗锆后,渗锆合金层中合金元素呈梯度分布,且腐蚀时在表面形成了一层致密的氧化锆钝化膜,因而其抗酸腐蚀性能相对基体大幅提升,在HCl溶液比在H2SO4溶液和HNO3溶液中耐蚀效果更明显。