微波辅助提取麦冬多糖工艺研究

应用微波辅助技术提取麦冬多糖,考察了微波功率、辐射时间、溶剂用量等因素对提取率的影响。以微波辅助提取麦冬多糖的提取率为指标,筛选了工艺条件。由正交实验结果表明：最佳的工艺条件为提取时间20min,微波功率800W,水与麦冬液固比为50：1,提取率为14．002％。优化后的微波辅助提取工艺与传统提取方法相比,提取时间短,提取率高。     

微波辐射从烟草下脚料中提取茄尼醇

用微波辐射从烟草下脚料中提取茄尼醇,探索了微波辐射时间、功率,固液比和溶剂等4种因素对提取率的影响,获得了最佳提取条件:溶剂为石油醚,微波功率为30%,辐射时间40 min,固液比1∶14(质量∶体积)的条件下,可得到最佳的提取率。     

微波辅助提取党参皂甙工艺研究

本文以烘干恒重的党参粉末为原料,研究微波提取法和乙醇浸提法的提取工艺和影响因素,并将这两种优化工艺条件进行比较。这两种方法都是以乙醇作为提取溶剂,分别研究溶剂浓度、液固比、提取时间、乙醇浸提的提取温度或微波提取的微波功率对党参皂甙提取率的影响。结果表明,微波提取法中4个因素影响党参皂甙提取率的主次顺序为乙醇浓度加热时间液固比微波功率,此方法的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇浓度为70%,液固比为80mL.g-1,提取时间为10×20s,微波功率为320W,皂甙提取率为3.15%。乙醇浸提法中4个因素影响党参皂甙提取率的主次顺序为乙醇浓度液固比加热时间提取温度,此方法的最佳提取工艺条件优化条件为:乙醇浓度为70%,液固比80mL.g-1,加热时间为80min,提取温度70℃,提取率为2.17%。结果证明,微波提取党参皂甙具有简便快速、高效节能、重复性好的优点。     

枸杞子中β-胡萝卜素提取工艺研究

采用微波辅助提取了枸杞中β-胡萝卜素,筛选了提取β-胡萝卜素的溶剂,考察了微波萃取功率、提取时间、固液比、提取温度对β-胡萝卜素提取率的影响。在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化了提取工艺。结果表明,微波提取β-胡萝卜素的最佳工艺参数为：微波功率400 W,时间80 s,温度为25℃,固液比为1∶15,在此条件下,β-胡萝卜素的提取率为0.55%。     

响应面法优化微波辅助提取烟叶中茄尼醇的工艺研究

以废弃烟叶为原料,采用微波辅助方法提取烟叶中的茄尼醇。研究了不同料液比、辐射时间、辐射温度和辐射功率对茄尼醇提取率的影响,并通过响应面法对工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:料液比1∶14 g/m L、辐射温度60℃、辐射功率420 W、辐射时间33 min。在最佳工艺条件下,茄尼醇的提取率为0.581%。     

微波辅助提取银杏叶萜类内酯的工艺研究

研究了微波辅助提取银杏叶萜类内酯的工艺.对辐射时间、微波功率、乙醇浓度和液固比进行单因素考察,根据考察结果进行正交实验设计,然后进行验证实验,并将该工艺条件与传统加热回流提取方式进行比较.结果表明,微波辅助提取银杏叶萜类内酯的较佳工艺为:辐射时间为8 min,微波功率为500 W,乙醇浓度为70%,液固比为20:1,此条件下萜类内酯提取率可达1.620 mg·g~(-1).与传统加热回流提取相比,微波辅助提取得到的萜类内酯提取率高出31%,溶剂用量减少33%,提取时间大大缩短.该方法是一种较为理想的银杏叶萜类内酯提取方法.     

微波法从槐花米中提取芦丁的实验研究

以槐花米为原料,芦丁产率为评价指标,进行微波辐射下提取芦丁的工艺研究,考察了微波功率、提取温度、时间和固液比等对芦丁产率的影响。结果表明,优化工艺条件为:槐花米2 g,澄清石灰水50 mL,温度120℃,功率500 W,提取时间为20 min。优化工艺条件下,粗产品的产率为3.5%,纯度为83.6%。微波法提取芦丁具有提取率高、提取时间短、产品纯度高等优点,为综合开发该资源提供了有益的参考。     

正交设计优化海燕总皂苷的微波提取工艺

探讨了微波功率、提取时间、溶剂浓度、料液比四种因素对微波辅助提取法提取海燕中总皂苷提取率的影响。并以正交设计实验优化提取工艺,以期建立海燕皂苷微波提取方法的最佳工艺条件。由实验结果可知:微波提取的优化条件为:微波功率600W,提取时间5min,溶剂为95%的乙醇,料液比1︰10。海燕总皂苷提取率为1.95%。     

藤茶中二氢杨梅素的微波萃取

以干藤茶叶为原料,在微波辐射条件下,以水为溶剂提取二氢杨梅素,考察了微波功率、微波辐射时间、料液比、浸提时间等因素对提取率的影响,通过单因素分析和正交试验设计确定了最佳提取工艺条件。确定的最佳提取工艺条件为:微波功率为高档,微波辐射时间为3min,料液比为1:20,水浴浸提时间为2h。在此条件下二氢杨梅素的提取率为29%。     

微波辅助萃取废烟叶中茄尼醇工艺研究

研究了微波辅助萃取废烟叶中茄尼醇的工艺条件, 对微波功率、辐射时间和萃取溶剂等影响微波萃取的条件进行了筛选和分析, 优化条件为:以正己烷+乙醇为萃取溶剂, 固液比为1∶45, 物料水分 3%以下, 微波功率 280w, 辐射时间 25min。     

Microwave-assisted solvent extraction of castor oil from castor seeds

This study was aimed at evaluating the physicochemical properties and oxidation stability of castor oil using microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MAE). MAE was performed using 5% ethanol in hexane as solvent at different extraction times, power intensities and solvent-to-feed (S/F, ml of solvent to gram of feed) ratios. The process parameters were optimized by statistical approach using historical data design of response surface method (RSM). The oils were characterized for yield, physicochemical properties, dielectric properties and oxidation stability, and comparison was also made with oil extracted using Soxhlet method. Results show that the maximum oil yield of 37% was obtained at 20 min with microwave power intensity of 330 W and S/F ratio of 20. The main fatty acid composition of castor oil is ricinoleic acid. The density, refractive index, dielectric properties and oxidation stability of oils are not affected by the extraction methods and extraction parameters of MAE. However, the MAE-extracted oil is more viscous compared to that by Soxhlet method. With extra caution on oil oxidation, MAE could be a promising solvent extraction method with an 86% less in processing time and a higher yield.     

Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) hull

ABSTRACT

Phenolic compounds were extracted from pistachio hull using microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE). The effects of four parameters, microwave power, extraction time, solvent to sample ratio, and ethanol concentration were evaluated. The extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology to enhance the total phenolic content (TPC). Optimal conditions were found as 140 W microwave power, 4.5 min extraction time, 19:1 (v/w) solvent to sample ratio, and 56% ethanol concentration to get maximum TPC (62.24 mg GAE/g dry hull). Also, MASE was compared with conventional solvent extraction (CSE) and MASE gave higher TPC, yield, and antioxidant activity.     

微波辅助法提取夹竹桃叶中生物碱的工艺研究

以夹竹桃叶为原料,用微波辅助醇提水沉法提取夹竹桃叶中生物碱。在单因素试验基础上,以正交实验考察了提取过程中的各影响因素,再以回归正交实验优化了提取工艺。各因素对夹竹桃叶中生物碱提取率的影响次序为:料液比>微波温度>微波时间>乙醇体积分数>微波功率。得最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数80%,微波时间90s,微波温度70℃、微波功率300W,料液比1:25(g/mL),浸泡时间4min,在此条件下,夹竹桃叶中生物碱提取率达7.9256%。     

微波-表面活性剂协同提取金莲花黄酮的研究

考察了表面活性剂协同微波提取金莲花黄酮的工艺,筛选出了具有明显增效作用的表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),最后通过正交实验优化了提取工艺.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:以质量浓度0.75 g/L的表面活性剂SDS水溶液为提取剂,提取溶剂用量为40 mL/g金莲花,微波功率600 W,温度70℃,提取时间5 min.在该工艺条件下,金莲花黄酮的提取率为5.35%.与溶剂浸提法相比,提取时间显著缩短,金莲花黄酮的提取率提高约30%.     

响应面法优化混合溶剂提取原花青素的研究

通过微波辅助混合溶剂提取技术结合响应面法优化原花青素提取条件,以期建立更高产率的提取方法。在单因素设计基础之上,选取液料比、微波功率、萃取时间、萃取温度4个主要因素对原花青素提取率的影响,建立多元回归拟合分析,得出原花青素提取最佳工艺条件为:液料比1:10,萃取温度61℃,微波功率625 W,萃取时间39 min,此条件下原花青素提取率1.78%,为预测值的89.45%。     

微波辅助提取牡丹雄蕊总生物碱工艺研究

采用微波辅助法提取牡丹雄蕊中的总生物碱。考察了料液比、浸润时间、微波加热提取时间、微波功率、pH值和乙醇浓度等对提取率的影响。结果表明,牡丹雄蕊总生物碱的最佳提取工艺条件为:料液比1∶20,浸润时间24 h,微波加热提取时间15 min,微波功率500 W,pH值3和乙醇浓度80%。在此最佳工艺条件下,牡丹雄蕊中总生物碱提取率为2.16%。     

微波-表面活性剂协同提取山竹外衣色素

研究了微波-表面活性剂协同提取法(MAME)提取山竹外衣色素的工艺条件与过程。考察了提取剂中表面活性剂类型和含量、提取液pH、微波提取功率、时间、浸泡固液质量比和时间对色素提取率的影响,实验结果表明:pH=1时,以w(聚氧乙烯十二酸失水山梨醇单酯)=0.08%的乙醇溶液〔φ(CH3CH2OH)=70%〕为提取剂,山竹外衣按m(山竹外衣)∶m(提取剂)=1∶263浸泡于提取剂中5 m in、微波功率800 W下提取25 s,色素提取率为96.26%。该法一次提取率是传统溶剂法的1.78倍,提取时间是溶剂法的1/240,聚氧乙烯十二酸失水山梨醇单酯对色素提取有增溶作用。     

Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus Pluvialis by Response Surface Methodology and Antioxidant Activities of the Extracts

Abstract

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was applied for the extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize extraction parameters to the content of astaxanthin. Four independent variables such as microwave power (W), extraction time (sec), solvent volume (mL), and the number of extraction were optimized in this paper. The optimal conditions were determined and tri-dimensional response surfaces were plotted from the mathematical models. The F-test and p-value indicated that microwave power, extraction time, the number of extraction, and their quadratic had a highly significant effect on the response value (p <0.01), then the solvent volume and the interaction effects of microwave power and the number of extraction also displayed significant effect (p <0.05). Considering the extraction efficiency, the optimized conditions of MAE were as follows: microwave power was 141 W, extraction time 83 sec, solvent volume 9.8 mL, the number of extraction four times. About 594 ± 3.02 µg astaxanthin was extracted from Haematococcus pluvialis the dried powders (100 mg) under the optimal conditions, and it close to the predicted contents (592 µg). The antioxidant activities of the extracts obtained under optimal conditions were analyzed, and the results showed that the extracts presented strong ability of inhibiting the peroxidantion of linoleic acid, exhibited strong radical-scavenging properties against the DPPH, as well as strong reducing power.