两种芳基咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲啰啉的合成及电喷雾质谱研究

以1,10-邻菲啰啉,苯甲醛衍生物和醋酸氨为原料,经氧化和缩合反应合成得到了两种新的标题化合物:2-(4-甲基苯基)-1H-咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲啰啉、2-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1H-咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲啰啉。采用1HNMR、13CNMR、ESI-MS对结构进行了表征。由于两种1H-咪唑化合物能形成N—H…N分子间的氢键,因而在ESI-MS图上出现很强的二聚体离子峰[2M]+;而空间位阻效应小的4-甲基-1H-咪唑出现三聚体离子峰[3M]+。     

2-取代-1H-咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]菲咯啉

2-取代-1H-咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]菲咯啉是合成三阶非线性光学材料金属多吡啶络合物的关键中间体。本文以1,10-菲咯啉-5,6-二酮为原料,与各种醛经缩合反应合成7个2-取代-1H-咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]菲咯啉配体,其结构经UV、1H NMR确证,收率为21.0%～74.3%,具有反应条件温和,操作简单,原料易得的优点。     

钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物与G-四链体DNA的相互作用研究

应用圆二色光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等实验研究在H2O溶液中钌(II)多吡啶配合物[Ru(phen)2(Hecip)](ClO4)2(phen=1,10-邻菲啰啉,Hecip=2(9-乙基-9H-咔唑-3-基)-1H-咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]菲啰啉)与G-四链体DNA(AG3(T2AG3)3)相互作用。圆二色光谱实验表明,配合物能够诱导无序的G-四链体DNA以平行构型和反平行构型的共存体存在;从紫外和荧光滴定实验表明配合物与G-四链体之间存在较强的亲和力,拟合得到的结合常数可达106。     

钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物与G-四链体DNA的相互作用研究

应用圆二色光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等实验研究在H2O溶液中钌(II)多吡啶配合物[Ru(phen)2(Hecip)](ClO4)2(phen=1,10-邻菲啰啉,Hecip=2(9-乙基-9H-咔唑-3-基)-1H-咪唑并[4,5-f][1,10]菲啰啉)与G-四链体DNA(AG3(T2AG3)3)相互作用。圆二色光谱实验表明,配合物能够诱导无序的G-四链体DNA以平行构型和反平行构型的共存体存在;从紫外和荧光滴定实验表明配合物与G-四链体之间存在较强的亲和力,拟合得到的结合常数可达106。     

2-巯基咪唑[4,5-f]-1,10-邻菲啰啉的合成

文章以1,10-邻菲罗啉为起始原料,经氧化、肟化、还原得到5,6-二氨基-1,10-邻菲罗啉,然后和二硫化碳缩合得到2-巯基咪唑[4,5-f]-1,10-邻菲啰啉,总收率达58.8%。     

L-蛋氨酸多吡啶铜(Ⅱ)三元配合物的合成及与DNA的相互作用

文章合成了三种L-蛋氨酸多吡啶铜(II)三元混配配合物,[Cu(Met)(Phen)(ClO4)](ClO4)(1)(Phen=1,10-菲咯啉),[Cu(Met)(IP)(ClO4)](ClO4)(2)(IP=咪唑并[4,5-f]1,10-菲咯啉)和[Cu(Met)(PIP)(ClO4)](ClO4)(3)(PIP=2-苯基-咪唑并[4,5-f]1,10-菲咯啉)。采用电子吸收光谱和荧光光谱等方法研究了配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用,用凝胶电泳方法研究了配合物对pBR322DNA的氧化切割活性。结果表明,虽配合物与DNA的作用较弱,但多吡啶配体的平面大小可直接影响到配合物与DNA的相互作用,而氨基酸辅助配体可起到进一步的调控作用。     

2,3-二苯基吡嗪[2,3-f][1,10]菲咯啉的合成与表征

以1,10-菲咯啉为原料经过三步反应合成得到5,6-二胺-1,10-菲咯啉,常温下5,6-二胺-1,10-菲咯啉与苯偶酰反应生成目标产物2,3-二苯基吡嗪[2,3-f][1,10]菲咯啉,并通过红外、核磁图对其进行了表征。     

磺酰甘脲的合成工艺研究

为开发活性更强的甘脲类似物,进而扩大葫芦脲家族化合物的应用范围.以4,5-二羟基咪唑啉-2-酮、磺酰胺为原料合成了四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c][1,2,5]噻二唑-5(3H)-酮-2,2-二氧化物(标题化合物),考察了不同反应条件对产物产率的影响.并通过'HNMRMS、IR对目标产物的结构进行了表征.研究表明,最佳...     

L-赖氨酸多吡啶铜(Ⅱ)三元配合物的合成、表征及与DNA的相互作用

合成了3种L-赖氨酸多吡啶铜(Ⅱ)三元混配配合物[Cu(L-lysine)(Phen)(Cl O4)](Cl O4)(Ⅰ,Phen=1,10-菲咯啉)、[Cu(L-lysine)(IP)(Cl O4)](Cl O4)(Ⅱ,IP=咪唑并[4,5-f]1,10-菲咯啉)和[Cu(L-lysine)(PIP)(Cl O4)](Cl O4)(Ⅲ,PIP=2-苯基-咪唑并[4,5-f]1,10-菲咯啉),并用紫外光谱和红外光谱对配合物进行了表征。采用电子吸收光谱和荧光光谱等研究了配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用,用凝胶电泳法研究了配合物对pBR322 DNA的氧化切割活性。结果表明,随着多吡啶配体平面的增大,配合物与DNA的结合能力大小依次为配合物Ⅲ配合物Ⅱ配合物Ⅰ,配合物可能通过部分插入方式与DNA相互作用。     

一锅三组分合成2取代-1,4-2H-咪唑并[4,5-b]吲哚衍生物

在微波辅助条件下,以靛红、醋酸铵和取代醛为原料,采用"一锅"法、三组分缩合反应制备2-取代1,4-2 H-咪唑并[4,5-b]吲哚衍生物,最高产率可达88.33%。以合成1,4-2 H-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吲哚为模型反应,通过单因素实验确定了较佳反应条件:以冰醋酸为反应溶剂,反应温度为60℃,微波功率为390 W,反应时间30min,反应产率达83.61%。在此基础上,考查了其他7种醛在该反应中的反应情况,结果表明带有供电子基和吸电子基的芳香醛和脂肪醛都能参与该反应,产率为68.20%~88.33%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。