基于光二分路器的多路分光比的设计

提出一种设计多路分光器分光比的新方法--分解组合法.将多路分光器视为光二分路器的各种组合,分解后,引入等效光纤长度的新概念,将分光损耗对等折算为一定长度的光纤损耗,再利用光二分路器分光比的简便设计方法,巧妙地设计出多路分光器的各路分光比.     

All-optical signal processing based on semiconductor optical amplifiers

In this paper,we review the recent progress in the optical signal processing based on the nonlinearity of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs).The four important optical signal processing functional blocks in optical switching are presented,i.e.,optical wavelength conversion,optical regeneration,optical logic,and optical format conversion.We present a brief overview of optical wavelength conversion,and focus on various schemes to suppress the slow gain recovery of the SOA and improve the operating speed of the SOA-based optical switches.Optical regeneration including re-amplification,re-shaping and re-timing is also presented.Optical clock recovery that is essential for optical regeneration is reviewed.We also report the recent advances in optical logic and optical format conversion,respectively.After reviewing the four important optical signal processing functional blocks,the review concludes with the future research directions and photonic integration.     

三镜反射式光学系统综述（特邀）

三镜反射式光学系统由于具备同时校正球差、彗差与像散三种像差的能力,可以实现较高的光学性能,基于其反射镜数量少、装调复杂性可接受等特点,在光学成像领域有着广泛的应用。特别是离轴三镜反射式光学系统,凭借其无孔径遮拦、可实现大视场等诸多优势,在高性能光学仪器装备中占据着重要位置。文中以典型的三镜反射式光学系统发展为主线,全面介绍了多种类型的三镜反射式光学系统,涵盖同轴三反系统、两轴三反系统、离轴三反系统与无焦三反系统,讨论了其光学结构特点、结构关联与光学系统性能,并给出了设计示例,供光学设计领域研究人员共同探讨。     

浅谈光无源器件

本文主要是通过对光传输系统中所使用的无源器件,例如各类连接器、定向耦合器、光开关、光衰减器、光隔离器,从结构、功能和特性作了一个简单的介绍。     

新型红外光学系统的结构特点与技术分析

随着红外探测技术的发展,红外光学系统的作用已不容忽视.在归纳总结传统结构形式的折射式、反射式和折反射式红外光学系统的基础上,分析了现代红外光学系统中离轴三反、二元光学、自适应技术等结构特点,从技术上比较了传统红外光学系统和现代红外光学系统的优缺点,探讨了红外光学系统的发展趋势.对新型红外光学系统的发展具有一定的参考作用.     

基于近场光学理论光镊的研究进展

近场光镊是基于近场光学理论建立起来的可以对微粒实现稳定捕获和操作的新技术,相较基于单光束梯度力的传统远场光镊,近场光镊克服了光学分辨率衍射极限和热效应等众多因素的限制,可以实现对纳米量级微小粒子的捕获和操控,在物理学、细胞工程、生物医学等领域备受关注.首先阐述了基于倏逝场近场光镊的模型和捕获的基本原理,详述了棱镜全反射光镊、探针型光镊、纳米孔径光镊、聚焦倏逝场光镊、微纳光纤光镊、以及微谐振腔耦合结构型近场光镊的研究进展.最后,重点介绍了光镊在生物医学领域的应用.     

基于光均分器与光阶分器的网络构建与设计

光均分器与光阶分器是光分路器的两种系列化规格产品,与网络设计者设计的光分路器构建网络相比,选择合适规格的光均分器和光阶分器来构建网络更具挑战性,需要一定的方法和技巧。通过实例介绍了如何合理搭配并选择合适规格的光均分器与光阶分器来设计和构建光纤传输网络。     

Nonlinear optics in fibers for fiber measurements and special device functions

Nonlinear optical effects in fibers are significant in three respects. They present undesirable transmission limitations for long-distance optical fiber communication systems due to the intensity-dependent loss and pulse waveform distortions. On the useful side, they provide efficient frequency conversion means for generating frequency-shifted optical sources for a variety of spectroscopic applications including optical fiber measurements and optical device characterization. In addition, nonlinear optical effects also can provide useful special optical device functions such as optical amplification, optical gating, optical pulseshaping, and waveform equalization. This paper gives a brief review of the latter two aspects of nonlinear optics in fibers.     

光开关和光开关阵列技术的发展研究

光开关与光开关阵列是DWDM光网络的关键器件，主要用来实现光层的路由选择、波长选择和光交叉连接等功能。文中全面论述比较了光开关和光开关阵列技术。     

光开关和光开关阵列技术的发展研究

光开关与光开关阵列是DWDM光网络的关键器件,主要用来实现光层的路由选择、波长选择和淆交叉连接等功能,文中全面论述比较了光开关和光开关阵列技术。     

Coherent optical pattern recognition

Pattern-recognition systems, techniques, and applications using coherent optical systems are reviewed. Many optical pattern-recognition system architectures exist that include time-domain optical correlators and the optical joint transform correlators and refinements in the original optical matched spatial filter synthesis processor. Advanced optical pattern-recognition systems are also described such as hybrid optical/digital processors and diffraction-pattern sampling systems using specially shaped Fourier plane detector arrays. The optical space-variant pattern-recognition systems described are examples of the growing repertoire of operations now achievable in optical computers.     

光无源器件技术发展综述（续）

5　光开关当今世界各国都在研究和开发以 DWDM为基础的全光网络。全光网络的迅速发展将带来通信网的一场新的革命 ,人们将有望通过全光器件实现信息无瓶颈的高速传输。光开关是光交换机的核心元件 ,在全光网络中 ,高密度光开关矩阵能够完成开关、路由以及主要网络中枢的交叉连接的任务 ,许多光纤干线、各个载波多路光信道都可以端接 ;光开关已向智能型光开关发展 ,进入密集波分复用光网 ,简化复杂的全光网络系统。随着人们对光开关的材料、器件原理与加工工艺认识的不断深入 ,研究光开关阵列的类型也呈多元化发展趋势。已报道的光开关如按…     

光纤CATV传输系统的结构和应用

光纤CATV传输系统包括光发射机、光接收机、光纤和必要的光通路器件（如光分路器、光纤连接器）等。该系统采用光纤／同轴电缆混合网（HFC）结构，是一种宽带、低成本的实现方式。结合实际开发工作，简要介绍了光发射机、光接收机及相关器件的工作原理。     

Mechanically Flexible Chip-to-Substrate Optical Interconnections Using Optical Pillars

We experimentally characterize the benefits of using surface-normal mechanically flexible optical waveguides, or optical pillars, for chip-to-substrate optical interconnection. In order to benchmark the performance of the optical pillars, the optical coupling efficiency from a light source to an optical aperture with and without an optical pillar is measured. For a light source with 12deg beam divergence, a 50times150 mum optical pillar improves the coupling efficiency by 2-4 dB compared to pillar-free (free-space) optical coupling. A 30times150 m optical pillar improves the coupling efficiency by 3-4.5 dB. This demonstrates the importance of using optical pillars when small photodetectors (PDs) and dense optical input/outputs (I/Os) are needed. The optical excess losses of 50times150 mum optical pillars are measured to be less than 0.2 dB. Due to the high mechanical flexibility of the pillars, we also demonstrate that optical pillars enhance the optical coupling efficiency between the chip and substrate when they are misaligned in the lateral direction. This is especially important since the coefficient of thermal expansion of the chip and substrate are often mismatched, and preserving optical alignment and interconnection between them is critical during thermal excursions. The lateral mechanical compliance of the optical pillars is also measured and can be as great as 30 mum/mN. The optical pillars are also shown to be compliant under a compressive force thus allowing the optical I/Os to be assembled on nonplanar surfaces such as low-cost organic substrates.     

星形网光链路损耗与分光比求解方法探析

分析和研究了星形光纤网中光链路损耗和光分路器分光比的求解方法,通过实例着重介绍了比较复杂的广义星形网中各光分路器分光比与整个网络的全程光链路损耗的求解思路、方法和步骤。     

光因特网中的关键光器件技术研究

对光因特网中的关键光器件技术进行了探讨与研究。下一代光通信网络的发展,关键在于其光器件技术的突破上,要克服光网络节点处理的速率瓶颈、实现全光联网、高效传送和交换IP业务,就必须积极研究开发新的光器件。在光开关技术、光纤放大器技术、波长变换器技术以及其它关键光器件技术上有所突破,是建设光因特网的关键所在。     

基于单元星形光纤网的最大总光程及其求解方法

研究了单元星形光纤网中,最多光路数目与最大允许光链路损耗间的关系,推出了在给定最大允许光链路损耗、不同光路数目时各路总光程的求解方法,进而得到最佳光路数目与最大总光程,最终得出六条结论。     

增加光节点的简便方法

早期建设的有线电视光纤网，普遍存在光节点分布太稀和光纤芯数裕量太少的问题，为此，介绍两种使用超低光功率接收机增加光节点的方式和光链路设计，以及选用超低光功率接收机要考虑的因素，并将新增节点光链路延伸不同长度的分光比计算结果列成表格，以供工程中直接查用。     

波分复用光传送网中光路的噪声积累模型

根据国际电信联盟(ITU—T)建议G．873定义的光传送网(OTN)中光路的假设参考模型(HRM)．提出了光路经过多个光节点和光纤传输段后噪声积累的数学模型，推导了解析计算公式，并且按照节点隔离原理推导了计算噪声积累的简化公式以及工程等效模型。分析了光节点中增益(损耗)分配对噪声功率的影响．得出了光节点的优化设计原则。提出的光路噪声模型可以为光网络中光节点和光纤传输段的设计提供参考。     

Optical Clock Distribution in Electronic Systems

Techniques for distribution of optical signals, both free space and guided, within electronic systems has been extensively investigated over more than a decade. Particularly at the lower levels of packaging (intra-chip and chip-to-chip), miniaturized optical elements including diffractive optics and micro-refractive optics have received considerable attention. In the case of optical distribution of data, there is the need for a source of optical power and a need for a means of modulating the optical beam to achieve data communications. As the number of optical data interconnections increases, the technical challenges of providing an efficient realization of the optical data interconnections also increases. Among the system signals which might be transmitted optically, clock distribution represents a substantially simplified problem from the perspective of the optical sources required. In particular, a single optical source, modulated to provide the clock signal, replaces the multitude of optical sources/modulators which would be needed for extensive optical data interconnections. Using this single optical clock source, the technical problem reduces largely to splitting of the optical clock beam into a multiplicity of optical clock beams and distribution of the individual clocks to the several portions of the system requiring synchronized clocks. The distribution problem allows exploitation of a wide variety of passive, miniaturized optical elements (with diffractive optics playing a substantial role). This article reviews many of the approaches which have been explored for optical clock distribution, ranging from optical clock distribution within lower levels of the system packaging hierarchy through optical clock distribution among separate boards of a complex system. Although optical clock distribution has not yet seen significant practical application, it is evident that the technical foundation for such clock distribution is well established. As clock rates increase to 1 GHz and higher, the practical advantages of optical clock distribution will also increase, limited primarily by the cost of the optical components used and the manufacturability of an overall electronic system in which optical clock distribution has been selectively inserted.