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针对四足机器人在复杂环境中难以保持稳定行走姿态的问题,在四足机器人trot步态的基础上,改进设计了一种侧摆型trot步态,通过四足机器人侧摆肩关节处电机对四足机器人的步态进行规律调整,使四足机器人在行走过程中更易保持稳定姿态。首先对侧摆型trot步态进行步态规划,分析侧摆型trot步态的稳定性;然后根据D-H参数法建立四足机器人单腿运动学模型并进行运动学分析求解;最后在MATLAB/Simulink软件中建立四足机器人动态仿真模型,以复合摆线运动轨迹为例,对侧摆型trot步态进行运动特性仿真分析。结果表明,基于复合摆线的侧摆型trot步态运动轨迹曲线连续平滑,四足机器人运动平稳。通过侧摆型trot步态仿真分析,验证了所研究侧摆型trot步态的稳定性和合理性,可以为搭建实验样机控制系统提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为提高六足机器人对崎岖不平地势的适应能力,开发了一款基于树莓派视觉导航的六足仿生机器人,利用三维软件SolidWorks设计六足仿生机器人的机械结构;通过建立D?H坐标系和步态模型,对机器人进行了正?逆运动学方程推导,构建六足仿生机器人的运动学模型;运用多项式差值拟合对六足仿生机器人的摆动相和支撑相进行步态规划;使用MATLAB?ADAMS完成六足仿生机器人的位姿仿真,并进行六足仿生机器人实物验证.实验结果表明:该步态设计能有效对六足仿生机器人腿部运动轨迹进行跟踪,验证了步态设计的正确性和有效性,为改善多足类机器人行走提供有益参考. 相似文献
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在所创作的机器人戏剧中,海龟机器人扮演着重要的角色,而四足协调步态是其完成舞台表演的关键。通过深入观测实际海龟的运动情况,分析其步态特点并总结运动规律,从仿生学的角度提出了基于生物启发的四足协调步态规划方法;推导了单腿的解析逆运动学方程,将腿部末端的运动轨迹转换为各关节的运动轨迹,为各关节的伺服控制器提供期望值;开发了基于Webots的动力学仿真系统,对所提出的方法进行了验证。最后,在所研制的海龟机器人样机上开展了四足协调步态的实验,结果进一步表明了所提方法的有效性。 相似文献
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从步态和步态时序两方面对四足和八足仿生机器人能够采用的基本步态进行了研究,根据步行足的有荷系数分别对四足和八足步态进行了分类,并比较不同步态下的速度及稳定性,为步行机器人的合理驱动和控制提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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弯道行走是四足步行机步态拟定中还未被研究的问题,可它对研制衫的四足步行机十分重要。根据地面情况先拟定出使步行机稳定而不会跌倒的行走步态,然后依可行性条件来检查步态是否可行。依据步行机的结构参数找出该步行机的稳定可行步长的转角集。只要在这个稳定可行集内选择步态的步长和转角,按本文方法拟定转弯步态,该步态必能保证步行机平衡行步。 相似文献
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The previous research regarding the gait planning of quadruped robot focuses on the sequence for lifting o and placing the feet, but neglects the influence of body height. However, body height a ects gait performance significantly, such as in terms of the stride length and stability margin. We herein study the performance of a quadruped robot using the equivalent mechanism concept based on metamorphosis. Assuming the constraints between standing feet and the ground with hinges, the ground, standing legs and robot body are considered as a parallel mechanism, and each swing leg is regarded as a typical serial manipulator. The equivalent mechanism varies while the robot moves on the ground. One gait cycle is divided into several periods, including step forward stages and switching stages. There exists a specific equivalent mechanism corresponding to each gait period. The robot's locomotion can be regarded as the motion of these series of equivalent mechanisms. The kinematics model and simplified model of the equivalent mechanism is established. A new definition of the multilegged robot stability margin, based on friction coe cient, is presented to evaluate the robot stability. The stable workspaces of the equivalent mechanism in the step forward stage of trotting gait under di erent friction coe cients are analyzed. The stride length of the robots is presented by analyzing the relationship between the stable workspaces of the equivalent mechanisms of two adjacent step forward stages in one gait cycle. The simulation results show that the stride length is larger with increasing friction coe cient. We herein propose a new method based on metamorphosis, and an equivalent mechanism to analyze the stability margin and stable workspace of the multilegged robot. 相似文献
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对四腿动物走路姿态进行分析,通过对比一种国际上机器人比赛中普遍采用的典型步态,提出了一种新的走路步态,从动力学特性角度分析说明了这种新的步态的稳定性,并定义了一个衡量稳定性能指标的量,谈性能指标是利用机器人受到的三维的合力大小来定义的,这个性能指标具有衡量稳定性的特点,并通过实验说明该步态的稳定性能。 相似文献
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The equivalent mechanism of the system is often considered as one specific mechanism in most existing studies of multi-legged robots, however the equivalent mechanism is varying while the robot moves on the ground. Four typical tripod period gaits of a radial symmetrical six-legged robot are analyzed. Similar to the metamorphic mechanism, the locomotion of multi-legged robot is considered as a series of varying hybrid serial-parallel mechanisms by assuming the constraints of the feet on the ground with hinges. One gait cycle is divided into several periods, and in different walking period there is a specific equivalent mechanism corresponding to it, and the walking process of multi-legged robot is composed by these series of equivalent mechanisms. Walking performance can be got by analyzing these series of equivalent mechanisms. Kinematics model of the equivalent mechanism is established, workspaces of equivalent mechanisms are illustrated by simulation and a concept of static stability workspace is proposed to evaluate the static stability of these four gaits. A new method to calculate the stride length of multi-legged robots is presented by analyzing the relationship between the workspace of two adjacent equivalent parallel mechanisms in one gait cycle. The stride lengths of four gaits are given by simulations. Comparison of stride length and static stability among these four typical tripod gaits are given. It has been proved that mixed gait and insect-wave gait II have better static stability than mammal kick-off gait and insect-wave gait I. Insect-wave gait II displays its advantage on stride length while the height of robot body lower than 87 mm, mammal kick-off gait has superiority on stride length while the height of robot body higher than 115 mm, and insect-wave gait I shows its shortcoming in stride length. The proposed method based on metamorphic theory and combining the footholds and body height of robot provides a new method to comprehensive analyze the performance of multi-legged robot. 相似文献
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两足步行椅机器人是一种替代轮椅或假肢、为残疾人服务的助残机器人。这类机器人在复杂的使用条件下,各种参数对步态规划及其稳定性的影响分析研究具有重要意义。本文首先根据与步态规划密切相关的机械结构特点、自由度以及关节配置等建立了步行椅机器人的简化模型以及步态规划的算法,然后基于ZMP理论和稳定裕度的概念,确立了主要步行参数与稳定性之间的关系,提出了动态步行的稳定性判据,分析了步态规划中步行参数对于稳定性的影响,并给出了在不考虑参数间耦合影响的前提下步态规划中参数选择的合理范围。 相似文献
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一种新型四足变胞爬行机器人的步态规划研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
随着移动机器人在探测救援中的应用逐渐增多,活动灵巧、环境适应能力强的多足机器人越来越受到国内外学者的关注。介绍一种腰部可以活动的四足机器人的设计及其步态生成,并展示了活动腰部可提升机器人对极端环境的适应性。提出三个基本假设以简化机构模型,提出腰部构态变换规则,并用几何方法说明了腰部构型变化可扩大机器人腿部活动空间,从而提升对复杂环境的适应性。另外,腰部运动与步态融合,生成了两种新的基本步态——扭腰直行步态和原地旋转步态。基于提出的两种步态,对比了固定腰部与可动腰部条件下运动稳定裕度的变化,分别计算了狭窄弯道通过条件,并分析了所设计步态对头部视觉的影响,从而证明所设计机器人具有较高的极端环境适应能力。 相似文献
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在医疗领域,康复外骨骼机器人能够帮助下肢瘫痪的患者重新行走,因此得到广泛的关注。由于下肢截瘫患者身体的特殊性,针对该类患者使用的外骨骼机器人大多使用拐杖作为平衡辅助工具。在固定步长的情况下,不同的拐杖支撑点位置,会很大程度影响步行稳定阈度。通过分析穿戴者拄拐步态所形成的多边形支撑面,利用零力矩点(ZMP)理论计算相应的压力中心位置,从而得到四足步态的稳定阈度表达式;并在此基础上提出动态调整步长的方法,得到拐杖支撑点与步长的拟合曲面,对步长进行实时、适当调整;最后通过外骨骼机器人的运动学模型,规划相应的步态轨迹。通过在课题组自主研发的外骨骼机器人样机上进行大量对比实验,证明了在每个步态周期中,针对不同的拐杖支撑位置,提出的方法可以有效增加系统步态的稳定阈度,降低拐杖支撑点的随机性对系统稳定性的影响。 相似文献
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A self-excited biped walking mechanism consisting of two legs that are connected in a series at the hip joint through a servomotor is studied to determine range of stability. A torque proportional to angle between the shank and the vertical is seen to sustain a gait. Each leg has a thigh and a shank connected at a passive knee joint that has a knee stopper restricting the forward motion like the human knee. While a torque proportional to the angle between the shank and the vertical stabilises, the optimum proportionality constant is to be determined. A mathematical model for the dynamics of the system including the impact equations is used to analyze the stability of the system through examination of phase plane plots. For a specified proportionality constant, the range of physical parameters like leg-length and mass of leg for which the system is stable is determined. Using the stability data, a robust design has been made. 相似文献
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为了研究下肢骨骼服的行走步态.构造了HL-1(华理1号)仿真数字人体模型,并对数字人进行了步态规划.为了确保数字人行走的稳定,避免数字人行走过程中关节驱动的冲击,减小脚与地面的碰撞,在考虑前向与侧向运动存在耦合的条件下,提出了将正运动学和逆运动学方法相结合的步态规划优化算法,克服了原有的数字人步态求解方法的不足.应用该算法求得步态周期函数,仿真数字人在Matlab和Adams环境下进行了协同仿真,实现了数字人的平稳行走,验证了该步态规划优化算法的可行性. 相似文献