PA6/PTT共混物的吸水性和力学性能

由螺杆挤出机制备了尼龙6(PA6)和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)的共混物PA6/PTT。通过浸水实验,结合扫描电镜观察和热分析,研究了不同组分PA6/PTT共混物的吸水性能,并进行了相关力学性能测试。结果表明,PA6/PTT共混物吸水率随PTT含量增加而减小,即PTT的加入有效抑制了PA6的吸水率;在相同吸水条件下,PA6/PTT共混物的一般力学性能明显优于PA6,当PTT含量为20%时,共混物吸水后的拉伸、弯曲强度分别较PA6提高了20.98%和71.73%。     

LLDPE/煤粉/乙炔黑复合材料流变性能研究

采用熔融共混制备了LLDPE/乙炔黑/煤粉复合材料,并通过毛细管流变仪对复合材料的流变性能进行了研究。详细讨论了复合材料的组成、剪切应力和剪切速率及温度对熔体流变行为、熔体黏度的影响。结果表明,LLDPE/乙炔黑/煤粉体系呈假塑性流体,表观黏度随着剪切速率增加而降低。当填料乙炔黑/煤粉含量在0%~40%范围内时,随着含量的增加,复合材料的表观黏度先增大后减小。填料乙炔黑/煤粉可以有效地增加粘流活化能,当含量为30%时,体系的表观黏度最大。     

PP/EPDM-g-MAH/Al(OH)_3/FA复合体系流变性能研究

以毛细管流变仪研究了粉煤灰(FA)改性聚丙烯/三元乙丙橡胶接枝马来酸酐/Al(OH)_3/FA[PP/EPDM-gMAH/Al(OH)_3/FA]阻燃复合体系的流变行为,讨论了复合材料的组成、剪切应力和剪切速率及温度对熔体流变行为、熔体黏度的影响,测定了不同配比的复合材料熔体的非牛顿指数(n)和挤出膨胀比。结果表明:PP/EPDM-g-MAH/Al(OH)_3/FA熔体为假塑性流体,表观黏度随着剪切速率增加而降低。当FA的含量在0%~25%范围内时,共混物的n1,且在5%和20%处有2个极大值点,表观黏度呈先增后减再增的趋势;FA可降低共混熔体的粘流活化能,但适量FA仍可保证温敏性不会降低太大,复合材料的挤出胀大现象随FA增加有所降低。     

PTT/POE-g-MAH共混合金的流变行为和结晶熔融性能

利用毛细管流变仪、热台偏光显微镜(POM)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC),分别研究了聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)/马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)共混合金的流变行为、结晶形态和热性能。结果表明,PTT/POE共混合金熔体为假塑性流体,POE组分含量越高,共混合金对剪切速率变化越敏感,表观黏度降低越多,POE有一定的增塑作用;由于POE与PTT间的相互作用,共混合金从熔体结晶时形成的PTT晶体尺寸明显减小,但体系起始结晶温度升高,结晶速度加快。在Tg以上,由于POE的影响,PTT组分的冷结晶焓变迅速减小。当POE组分含量超过4%时,体系中出现POE的聚集体,相分离明显。     

茂金属聚乙烯/茂金属乙烯-丙烯共聚物共混微观相结构与力学性能

采用密炼机制备了不同组成的茂金属聚乙烯/茂金属乙烯-丙烯共聚物(mPE/mEP)共混体系,利用在线取样-显微分析的方法研究了不同组成mPE/mEP共混体系的微观相态结构,在研究相态结构的基础上,研究了体系的力学性能。结果表明,mPE/mEP共混物呈现明显的两相结构,当mPE体积含量在50%~60%范围内,共混体系形成双连续相,其他组分含量时,形成"海-岛"结构形貌。共混物的拉伸强度与共混体系微观相形态的变化有关,断裂伸长率随着mPE含量的增加由2360%降至550%,拉伸模量随着mPE含量的增加由3.5MPa增至102MPa。     

聚碳酸酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共混物的流变性能

利用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚碳酸酯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共混物(PC/MBS),研究了温度和MBS含量对PC/MBS共混物主要流变性能参数的影响。结果表明,MBS能有效改善PC的加工性能。共混物表观黏度随温度升高而降低。当MBS质量分数低于15%时,随着MBS含量的增加,共混物的表观黏度和粘流活化能降低,同时非牛顿指数增加。MBS质量分数为15%时,共混体系流变性能最好。继续增加MBS含量,流变性能变差。     

PC/HBPS共混物的流变性能

通过熔融共混法制备了PC/HBPS共混物,研究了其流变特性。结果表明,此共混物属于假塑性流体,随着HBPS含量的增加,非牛顿指数增加;随着剪切速率的增加,表观黏度下降,但下降趋势较缓慢;随着温度的增加,表观黏度下降,但下降趋势很快;共混物的粘流活化能都比纯PC的粘流活化能高;随着HBPS含量的增加,表观黏度下降。     

PTFE/PA6和PTFE/PA66共混物的吸水性及流变行为

通过浸水实验、缺口冲击断裂实验和动态流变测试,考察了PTFE含量对PTFE/PA6和PTFE/PA66共混物的吸水率、冲击断裂强度及熔体黏度的影响以及熔体黏度随温度和频率的变化规律。结果表明,PTFE/PA6和PTFE/PA66共混物的吸水率均随着PTFE含量的增加而减小,即PTFE的加入抑制了共混物的吸水性。两种共混物的冲击强度比纯PA明显降低,但是吸收水对两种共混物冲击强度的影响不显著。随着PTFE含量的增加,共混物熔体的黏度先减小后增加,说明适量的PTFE可以改善共混物的成型加工特性。共混物熔体的黏度随加载频率的增大而降低,符合假塑性流体流动规律。有趣的是,对于PTFE/PA6共混物的黏度随着温度的升高而减小,而PTFE/PA66共混物黏度随着温度升高近似成指数规律增大。     

全同聚1-丁烯/低密度聚乙烯共混体系的流变性能

采用双毛细管流变仪研究了全同聚1-丁烯/低密度聚乙烯(iPB/LDPE)共混体系的流变性能。结果表明,随着iPB用量的增加,共混熔体的剪切黏度呈先下降后上升的趋势;iPB/LDPE共混熔体在剪切速率为100 s-1~1000 s-1时,为假塑性流体,且随着iPB含量增加和温度升高,其非牛顿性增大;共混体系的表观黏度随剪切速率和剪切应力的增大、温度的升高而减小;粘流活化能随剪切速率的增大呈逐渐减小的趋势。     

PTT/ABS-g-MAH共混合金的力学性能和流变行为

利用电子万能试验机、冲击试验机和毛细管流变仪分别研究了聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯/马来酸酐接枝丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(PTT/ABS-g-MAH)共混合金的力学性能和流变行为。结果表明:ABS含量在3%～5%(质量分数,下同)时,共混材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度和弯曲强度达到极值,表明ABS的加入对PTT起到了一定的增强和明显的增韧作用。共混合金熔体为假塑性流体,但ABS含量的变化对共混物的表观黏度、非牛顿指数n、粘流活化能的影响较小,即对PTT的流变性能影响不大。采用ABS-g-MAH与PTT进行反应性共混,可以提高PTT的力学性能,而对加工性能影响较小。     

PTT/ABS-g-MAH/SCF复合材料的制备与性能

研究了聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)/马来酸酐接枝丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS-g-MAH)/短炭纤维(SCF)复合材料的力学性能、流变和结晶熔融行为.结果表明,ω(SCF)=10%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度达到板值,冲击强度略有升高,SCF对PTT起到了较好的增强效果且不影响韧性;ω(SCF)>10%时,...     

SCF／PTT复合材料的流变性能及形态

用毛细管流变仪研究了短切炭纤维(SCF)/聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)复合材料的流变行为;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和偏光显微镜(POM)观察了复合材料的断面形态结构和结晶形态。结果表明,复合材料断面暴露的SCF表面附着大量树脂,且SCF与PTT基体界面区域形成了"横晶",SCF与PTT有很好的粘接强度,界面相容性较好。复合材料熔体在不同剪切速率的流变行为不同:在剪切速率<130s-1时,黏度随剪切速率的增加而增加,属于膨胀性流体;当剪切速率>130 s-1时,黏度随着剪切速率的增加而减小,属于假塑性流体。在炭纤维含量为2%(质量分数)时,复合材料熔体的表观黏度、粘流活化能达到最大。     

EPDM-g-MAH对PPO/PA6共混体系结构与性能的影响

通过双螺杆熔融反应挤出,获得了马来酸酐化的三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM-g-MAH),并将其与聚苯醚(PPO)、尼龙6(PA 6)共混,制备了PPO/PA 6/EPDM三元共混合金。研究了弹性体EPDM-g-MAH中MAH用量以及EPDM-g-MAH用量对PPO/PA 6共混体系力学性能和相态结构的影响。结果表明:EPDM-g-MAH中MAH用量在1%~2%范围内,可显著改善EPDM与PPO/PA 6共混体系的相容性,大大提高共混合金的韧性;在三元共混体系中,随着弹性体EPDM-g-MAH用量的增加,冲击强度和断裂伸长率提高,但拉伸强度降低。     

线性双峰聚乙烯/高压聚乙烯/线性低密度聚乙烯共混物的流变行为与力学性能

研究了线性双峰聚乙烯(LBPE)、高压聚乙烯(LDPE)与线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)共混物熔体的流变行为和力学性能。讨论了共混物的组成、剪切应力和剪切速率对熔体粘度和膨胀比的影响。结果说明,共混物熔体为假塑性流体,LBPE含量为70％时熔体粘度最大,含量高于60％时挤出胀大变小,含量高于40％时力学强度增大。     

MPE/LLDPE/LDPE共混熔体的流变学

研究了不同比例共混的茂金属聚乙烯（MPE），线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）及高压聚乙烯（20％固定质量配比的LDPE）熔体的流变学行为，讨论了共混物组成，剪切速率和剪切应力以及温度对熔体流变曲线，熔体粘度和膨胀比的影响，为MPE的共混改性加工提供了理论依据，不同共混比的熔体均为假塑性流体，共混熔体的假塑性随LDPE／LLDPE的增多而增强，共混熔体的转变应力和非牛顿指数随LDPE／LLDPE的增加而降低，对加工的敏感性提高，加工性能得到改善。     

Morphological, rheological and mechanical characterization of polypropylene nanocomposite blends

In the present work, the effectiveness of styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene rubbers grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) and a metallocene polyethylene (mPE) as toughening materials in binary and ternary blends with polypropylene and its nanocomposite as continuous phases was evaluated in terms of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), oscillatory shear flow and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA). The flexural modulus and heat distortion temperature values were determined as well. A metallocene polyethylene and a polyamide-6 were used as dispersed phases in these binary and ternary blends produced via melt blending in a corotating twin-screw extruder. Results showed that the compatibilized blends prepared without clay are tougher than those prepared with the nanocomposite of PP as the matrix phase and no significant changes in shear viscosity, melt elasticity, flexural or storage moduli and heat distortion temperature values were observed between them. However, the binary blend with a nanocomposite of PP as matrix and metallocene polyethylene phase exhibited better toughness, lower shear viscosity, flexural modulus, and heat distortion temperature values than that prepared with polyamide-6 as dispersed phase. These results are related to the degree of clay dispersion in the PP and to the type of morphology developed in the different blends.     

Morphology and antibacterial properties of plasticized chitosan/metallocene polyethylene blends

In this work, plasticized chitosan-based materials were produced through a molten process. A thermo-mechanical treatment was used to achieve chitosan plasticization in the presence of water, acetic acid, and glycerol. Water and glycerol acted as plasticizers, while acetic acid was used as a solvent and plasticizer for chitosan. The influence of acetic acid total content, chitosan/acetic acid solution ratio, and chitosan/glycerol ratio were examined in this study. The various plasticized compounds were blended with a metallocene polyethylene (mPE) and the morphology, rheological, and antibacterial properties of this novel blend system were examined. It was found that an increase in acetic acid content allowed better chitosan dissolution, while a higher glycerol concentration resulted in improved dispersion of the plasticized chitosan phase in the mPE. Following thermo-mechanical treatment, blends presented good antibacterial properties with a reduction of the number of bacteria (non-pathogenic Escherichia coli) by 2 log(CFU/mL) for the chitosan-containing systems with respect to neat mPE. Mechanical properties of the mPE/plasticized chitosan blends were improved by compatibilization with ethylene vinyl acetate, while antibacterial properties were not affected.     

Effect of a reactive-type flame retardant on rheological and mechanical properties of PC/ABS blends

The effects of a flame retardant (FR; reactive-type: brominated epoxy resin) on the mechanical and rheological characteristics of polycarbonate(PC)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) blends were investigated at various conditions. A series of PC/ABS blends with and without the FR were prepared using a twin-screw extruder. The tensile yield strength and flexural strength of the blends increased with PC content, and the blends containing FR showed higher values than that of the blends without FR primarily due to the reactive nature of the FR. Furthermore, gradual increases in heat distortion temperature were observed over the broad range of PC content. The system without FR showed higher impact strength especially at high PC content. The temperature drastically affected the shear viscosity of the ABS matrix, but little changes in shear viscosity were observed for the PC matrix. This temperature dependence provided a characteristic viscosity change with respect to composition ratio in the blends. The relationship between shear viscosity and shear rate was analyzed using the Carreau model. The morphologies of the blends were also examined as a function of PC content.