氯化稀土在茜素锦纶6染色中的应用

采用氯化稀土作为茜素锦纶织物染色的媒染剂,研究了媒染方式、染色pH值、温度、时间、稀土用量对锦纶织物染色性能的影响,探讨了茜素在锦纶上的提升性能,测试了染色织物的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度。研究结果表明,用氯化稀土作为媒染剂时,天然染料茜素成功用于锦纶6织物的染色;碱性染色条件和高温减少了茜素的聚集,增加了其水溶性,故促进了茜素分子向纤维内部扩散;染色锦纶6织物的K/S值随着茜素用量的增加而增加,当茜素用量达到4%o.m.f时,染色织物的K/S值基本不再增加;当茜素用量1%o.m.f时,锦纶织物稀土媒染染色的最佳工艺为:pH为10~11,稀土低于8 g·L-1,染色温度98℃,染色时间约60 min;用稀土媒染染色后锦纶6织物的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度明显高于不加媒染剂的染色织物。     

稀土在羊毛染色中作用机理的研究

本文在稀土助染工艺应用研究的基础上，采用多种化学及物理方法，比较全面地研究了羊毛染色过程中稀土离子的作用，较好地从化学的角度说明了稀土染色中节约染料、红矾和改善染色织物手感的原因。     

稀土在羊毛纤维漂白中的应用

近年来,国内稀土应用在毛、丝、化纤等织物染色方面的研究取得了很多成果,但稀土应用在羊毛纤维漂白方面的研究报道较少。1985年以来,我们在羊毛纤维漂白工艺中引入稀土助剂,进行了一些探索,并获     

稀土在真丝织物染色中的应用研究

用相同量的三种稀土盐类及其他盐类作助染剂,试验了酸性染料、直接染料等各种染料对真丝织物的染色作用。结果发现,当温度在75℃～85℃、控制染浴pH6～7,加入一定的氯化稀土,对上述各类染料在真丝织物上均有明显的助染作用。并初步分析了这种助染作用的可能原因是,稀土离子有比钠离子强的促染作用和稀土离子与染料结合,生成配位化合物,产生了深色效应。     

稀土元素在毛纺织物染色工艺中的应用

稀土元素在纺织染整工业中的应用。是近几年来开辟的新领域。我们于1980年下半年开始在毛纺织物的染色工艺中进行探索,于1983年6月取得结果,由山东省科委主持了技术鉴定。1984年列为山东省经委的稀土应用推广项目。酸性媒介染料是毛织物染色的重要染料     

稀土在涤纶织物染色中的应用研究

本文叙述了在染液浓度一定的条件下加入适量稀土助剂,染液废水的吸光度较原工艺有所降低,而染色织物的色度则相应比原工艺深,染液中稀土助剂的加入增加了上染率,但稀土助剂与分散染料的分子结构有关。对于(酉恩)醌类分散染料,以及分子中含有较多取代基、官能团的偶氮类分散染料上染率提高的效果比较显著。     

稀土在染色与漂白中的应用

自1981年在全国稀土推广应用会上展出稀土用于毛线染色的成果后,稀土染色技术逐渐受到纺织行业的重视和试用,势头逐渐由北向南移动,由羊毛地毯的染色,移向全毛漂白,腈纶和丝绸的染色。现将稀土在全毛漂白,腈纶和丝绸的染色介绍如下。一全毛绒线的稀土漂白(特白)     

稀土在腈纶纤维染色中的应用研究

本文首先从稀土的用量,染色助剂的种类和用量以及不同染色配方的上染过程曲线,选择了采用稀土氯化物作为腈纶纤维染色助剂后的最佳染色配方。然后从传统配方和稀土配方的上染过程曲线的比较以及稀土在染色过程中的变化,讨论了稀土在染色过程中的作用。最后进行了生产应用试验,得到了令人满意的结果。     

稀土科研成果辑要(二)

晴纶纤维稀土染色北京毛针织公司稀土试验室和北京毛线厂,应用稀土进行晴纶纤维染色,于84年8月31日在北京毛线厂通过局级技术鉴定、应用稀土染晴纶纤维(膨体纱),手感柔软膨松,产品品种齐全,质量优于传统染色,染同一色     

内蒙稀土应用简讯

稀土在毛线皮毛染色及毛毯洗涤方面的应用内蒙第一毛纺厂77年首先进行了稀土染色的研究,经过了四年的努力,稀土作为一种助染剂加在强酸性染料中,处理纯毛绒线染色取得成功。稀土染色工艺简单,只要在现行染料配方上稍加调整即     

稀土用于活性染料二浴染色工艺的研究

活性染料染色，通常是在中性或弱碱条件下进行的，而轻稀土只有在偏酸性的条件下才易溶解，经过实验研究，本文提出了稀土在活性染料二浴法染色中应用的工艺，较好地解决了这一矛盾。实验结果表明可以提高活性染料的吸色率和固色率，并且还可以减少环境污染等。     

玻璃钢离心萃取器在高纯稀土分离工业性实验基地的应用

在高纯稀土分离工业性实验基地的萃取流程中，应用φ７０ｍｍ和φ１２０ｍｍ两种规格的玻璃钢离心萃取器共３０３台，获得了纯度９９．９９％的荧光级Ｙ２Ｏ３产品以及Ｌａ２Ｏ３、Ｓｍ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３等合格产品。玻璃钢离心萃取器在稀土萃取流程中的应用，对缩小厂房面积、减少萃取剂和其它物料的滞留量、缩短系统起动后达到稳态运行所需时间，以及对实现萃取过程的自动化控制等都带来明显的好处。     

Preparation of Reactive Bright Blue Rare Earth Dyestuffs and Their Spectra Properties

Reactive bright blue rare earth dyestuffs were prepared by using reactive bright blue and lanthanum oxide,praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, samarium oxide, europium oxide, gadolinium oxide, dysprosium oxide, erbium oxide, lutetium oxide, yttrium oxide respectively for dyeing silk cloth.The degree of dyeing of reactive bright blue praseodymium and the degree of fixation of reactive bright blue gadolinium are the biggest, and 22.9% and 7 %are increased with that of reactive bright blue respectively.The spectra of reactive bright blue rare earth and reactive bright blue were studied by UV-VIS.In 200.00 ～ 800.00 nm, reactive bright blue has four absorption peaks, reactive bright blue rare earth has three absorption peaks; in 420.00 ～ 760.00 nm, reactive bright blue has two absorption peaks at 661.50 nm and 625.50 nm, respectively, and λmax is 661.50 nm; reactive bright blue rare earth has one absorption peak at 620.50, 618.00, 622.00, 623.00, 622.50, 619.50, 619.00, 621.00, 624.00, 620.00 nm adding La3 ,Pr3 , Nd3 , Sm3 , Eu3 , Gd3 , Dy3 , Er3 , Lu3 , Y3 respectively.     

玻璃钢离心萃取器的研制及其性能研究

本文介绍了用于稀土分离的玻璃钢离心萃取器的研制过程和性能研究，包括玻璃钢材质的选定，对样机进行的连续运转７００多个小时的机械性能实验以及流体力学性能和传质性能实验。结果证明玻璃钢离心萃取器具有良好的性能，可应用于稀土萃取分离过程。     

Responses of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) to increasing rare earth element (REE) concentrations in a hydroponic system

A number of studies have focused on the effects of rare earth elements (REEs) on crop plants, while little attention has been paid on how tolerant plant species respond to increasing mixed REE concentrations. In this study, ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) was exposed to a series of REE concentrations prepared with equimolar mixtures of 16 REEs (i.e. 0, 1.6, 8, 16, 80, 160, 400, 800 μmol/L) in order to explore REE accumulation and fractionation characteristics in ramie and the responses of this plant to mixed REEs. Results show that ramie root and shoot biomasses are unaffected under lower REE concentrations (1.6–80 μmol/L), while the growth of ramie and the uptake of nutrients especially Ca and Mn are largely inhibited under higher REE concentrations (160–800 μmol/L). The P and Mo concentrations in the roots increase with the increasing REE concentrations in the solution, suggestive of an involvement of P and Mo in dealing with the high concentrations of REEs in this plant. The preferential uptake of Ce and heavy REEs (HREEs) and the preferential transport of HREEs within the plant lead to a positive Ce anomaly and a HREE enrichment in ramie leaves. Our study suggests that ramie could be a good candidate for the phytoremediation of heavily REE-contaminated soils (e.g., REE mine tailings in southern China). Our results also shed light on points of taking into account phytoremediation management strategies of REE-contaminated soils (e.g., P and Mo fertilization).     

稀土微合金化钢稀土加入工艺的选择

总结了稀土在钢中的作用,提出了稀土微合金化钢的定义,对比研究了不同稀土加入工艺,研究表明结晶器喂丝是当前稀土微合金化钢生产的最为合理的稀土加入工艺。     

离子型稀土矿开发的历史回顾——纪念赣州有色冶金研究所建所60周年

赣州有色冶金研究所作为我国南方离子吸附型稀土的主要发现、命名和两代提取工艺的发明单位,几十年来围绕它们的开发和应用,进行了大量的研究工作,获得大批成果.但是,由于国家保密的限制,矿山生产工艺长期处于保密状态.随着项目的解密,文中将重点围绕离子型稀土矿山的开发,作出一些简明的历史性回顾.文中介绍一种全新的稀土矿种——"离子吸附型"稀土矿,并按稀土配分的特点而划分的三大类型离子矿,矿山开采的第一代工艺——"池浸工艺"(现已淘汰),第二代工艺——"原地浸出"工艺,同时概要性地介绍开采现状,涉及的工艺技术,完全拥有自主知识产权.     

The Rare Earth Aluminium Alloys in China

The development and application of rare earth aluminium alloys began in the 1960s in China.The represen-tative work was the usage of rare earth metals in alumino-silicon alloys for piston.In the 1970s,its initial stage.rare earths were used in enhanced AIMgSi alloy transmission line and FeCr Al alloy electric heating wire.Duringits developing period(from 1980 to 1985),in the field of smelting,after the electrolytic preparation of RE-Almaster alloys at relatively low temperature,a new technique was invented that rare earth compounds were addedto commercial aluminium electrowinning cell to produce RE-Al alloys directly.It opened the way for the appli-cation of rare earths in industry on a large scale.In the field of application,it was found that the addition ofrare earths could improve the conductivity and processing property of aluminium alloys.The application of rareearths to aluminium conductors and products had made a breakthrough progress.Since 1986,its golden age,thestudy,production and application of aluminium alloys containing rare earths have been developing at an amazingspeed,running neck and neck with the application of RE in agriculture,textile dyeing,and cast iron.     

Formation cause,composition analysis and comprehensive utilization of rare earth solid wastes

Based on practical situation of rare earth industrial chain,production process and rare earth materials that could produce solid wastes on batch were discussed.Formation cause,formation volume,composition analysis and comprehensive utilization of the solid wastes of rare earth hydrometallurgy slag,electrolysis slag,Fe-based rare earth permanent magnetic materials,Co-based rare earth permanent magnetic materials,rare earth hydrogen storage materials,rare earth polishing powders and rare earth catalysts were ...