乙烯急冷系统急冷油黏度控制新技术及实践

分析了急冷油黏度和急冷油组成的关系,从急冷油组成的影响因素上研究了急冷油黏度的控制方法,介绍了减黏塔减黏技术。详细阐述了采用1台减黏塔控制2套急冷油系统急冷油黏度技术,以及大庆乙烯急冷油系统改造的实际效果。     

冷颜料在涂料中的应用

本文对冷颜料的特点进行了阐述,给出了冷颜料的定义。并以白色和黑色2个典型的冷颜料的冷作用原理和特点,探讨了冷颜料的判定以及与冷颜料相关的标准。介绍了冷颜料在国内涂料行业的应用现状,指出近年来冷颜料在国内节能涂料和建筑反射隔热涂料中的应用日趋广泛,取得了一定的成绩,同时也出现了一些问题,并给出了相关的建议。     

沸石-水吸附式蓄冷的热力分析和实验研究

吸附式蓄冷是一种蓄冷过程无能量损失且蓄冷量较大的储能方式,可以有效地利用太阳能或工业余热等低品位能量来制冷并长期储存.对这种新型蓄冷方式及其特点进行了热力学分析,以沸石－水作为吸附工质对研究了影响吸附式蓄冷的蓄冷量和放冷过程的因素,并对绝热放冷和冷却放冷这两种不同的放冷过程进行了计算模拟及实验研究.     

五环气化炉激冷方式的设计与改造

五环炉原设计激冷方式为水汽激冷,由于采用激冷锅炉给水及部分水蒸气激冷容易导致激冷室内及输气管堵塞,影响气化炉长周期运行。为解决这一难题,结合设计院建议将激冷方式重新设计、改造,由水汽激冷改为气激冷。改造后该系统正常投用,气化炉运行效果良好,从根本上解决了气化炉激冷段和输气管积灰结块现象,实现了气化炉长周期运行。     

关于净化系统液氮洗工序裸冷问题的探讨

介绍了液氮洗工序裸冷的工艺流程;简述了液氮洗裸冷的工艺原理;阐明了液氮洗裸冷过程的操作要点;分析了液氮洗裸冷的监测数据。     

蓄冷技术现状及研究进展

阐述了蓄冷技术的发展及其应用进展情况。蓄冷技术根据蓄冷温度区间不同可以应用于蓄冷空调、空气分离、超临界空气储能系统和低温制冷机领域中。不同应用领域采用不同的蓄冷材料。蓄冷空调主要采用水蓄冷、冰蓄冷、共晶盐蓄冷和气体水合物蓄冷等方式;空气分离和超临界空气储能系统的蓄冷材料为热力学性质适宜的显热材料;低温制冷机采用铅等显热蓄冷材料和具有磁相变的磁性材料蓄冷方式。     

国内多晶硅冷氢化技术应用研究

重点介绍了多晶硅生产中冷氢化技术的发展历程和基本原理,对冷氢化技术进行了详细的阐述,列出了目前国内企业应用冷氢化技术后表现出的较优的技术、经济指标。同时,还比较了冷氢化、热氢化技术的优缺点,分析了当前国内冷氢化技术在应用上面临的问题及解决办法,并指出了未来冷氢化技术的发展方向。     

嗜冷产甲烷菌厌氧消化研究进展

本文介绍嗜冷产甲烷菌的适冷机制及其分布,分析嗜冷厌氧消化的技术可行性,并阐述了嗜冷产甲烷菌的应用。嗜冷厌氧消化的技术打破了传统厌氧消化的处理模式,实现工艺多元化,使厌氧生物处理技术在更广泛的环境下应用,进而降低废水处理的成本,并综述了厌氧消化嗜冷产甲烷菌的研究进展。     

冷涂锌在桥梁应用上的建议

总结了冷涂锌二道单独成膜的经验。介绍了新的配套方案:冷涂锌配套银富锌。介绍了涂装施工需要的设备。指出了冷涂锌发展的方向:水性冷涂锌。     

气体水合物在空调蓄冷中的应用研究进展

介绍了国内外近几年气体水合物蓄冷技术应用研究进展.从节能与环保角度出发,分析了气体水合物作为新型蓄冷工质在空调蓄冷中应用的必要性.从气体水合物相平衡热力学、结晶动力学、数值模拟以及蓄冷装置等方面阐述了气体水合物在空调蓄冷中应用的可行性,为气体水合物蓄冷技术尽快走向实用化提出了研究重点.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。