某型航空发动机篦齿盘裂纹的原位涡流检测

针对某型航空发动机篦齿盘上产生的裂纹缺陷,在不拆分发动机的前提下,提出采用涡流检测的方法对篦齿盘进行原位无损检测．设计完成了一套可用于篦齿盘裂纹原位检测的涡流无损检测系统．采用正交型锁相放大器对涡流检测信号进行处理,提高了信号检测精度同时达到了抑制干扰的作用．在标准检测试件和模拟试件上分别进行了试验,试验结果表明,该涡流检测系统可以实现航空发动机篦齿盘裂纹缺陷的原位检测,并且可以定性判断裂纹的深度．     

牵引电机主极裂纹涡流检测及其信号的小波分析研究

本文针对电力机车牵引电机主极表面包有绝缘层、常规裂纹检测方法难以适用的问题,阐述了透射式涡流检测方法检测电机主极裂纹的原理以及克服提离效应、边缘效应的方法.论文还阐述了运用小波分析方法把检测信号分解,将其频带能量作为不同状态时信号的特征量,对有裂纹、无裂纹、边缘、提离等不同状态的检测信号进行识别.     

角焊缝表面裂纹的涡流热成像检测研究

压力管道中由于部分焊缝结构复杂、所处位置特殊,导致缺陷检测漏检率较大,对压力管道安全运行带来严重隐患.该文采用电涡流热成像技术研究带腐蚀层角焊缝表面裂纹检测的可行性.实验通过对T型角焊缝两道自然裂纹的检测,证明该方法对角焊缝表面裂纹检测有效.为进一步提高涡流热成像技术的检测灵敏度,利用主成分分析算法增强原始图像中的缺陷...     

基于小波分析的电涡流检测信号消噪法应用研究

电涡流检测具有检测方便、快捷的特点。但电涡流检测信号微弱常伴有各种高频测量噪声,提取困难。多分辨小波分析具有区分信号高频部分和低频部分的功能。利用噪声的高频特点,可以采用小波分解、系数处理和小波重构来滤除噪声。Matlab的小波工具箱提供了一维小波分析函数,文中提出采用小波消噪方法进行滤除高频噪声,给出了实验结果,实际测试表明该方法有效可行。     

应用脉冲涡流检测金属表面裂纹的研究

脉冲涡流检测方法是涡流检测技术的一个新兴的分支.本文介绍了脉冲涡流检测技术应用于检测金属表面裂纹.实验结果表明：经综合考虑了裂纹深度、材质对测量结果的影响之后,发现裂纹深度和涡流信号幅值峰值之间有着深远的关联.借此可以初步的量化的判断裂纹深度.     

钢坯表面裂纹的检测技术

表面裂纹的检测是生产高质量钢材的重要保证。目前,冶金企业已经开始应用一些检测技术对钢坯表面裂纹进行在线检测或离线检测。介绍了目前常用的几种钢坯表面裂纹检测技术的原理、特点、应用实例及其检测效果,这些技术包括涡流检测法、漏磁检测法、红外检测法和机器视觉检测法。在此基础上,总结了钢坯表面裂纹缺陷检测技术的发展方向。     

裂纹检测中的相位信息研究

裂纹涡流无损检测时,可以通过测量检测信号与激励信号的相位差来进行判断是否有裂纹.为实现牵引电机主极裂纹检测,对黄铜材料制成的牵引电机主极,在检测信号频率的变化、提离、边缘以及正常和裂纹等情况下,进行检测信号与激励信号的相位差变化测试实验、分析,得出了上述情况下的相位差变化范围,为牵引电机主极裂纹的动态检测提供了依据.     

金属材料缺陷的电磁超声/涡流复合检测技术研究

电磁超声检测和涡流检测因其非接触、检测速度快、对试件表面要求低等优点而被广泛应用于金属材料的缺陷检测中,但电磁超声检测存在近表面的检测盲区,涡流检测对内部深层缺陷灵敏度不高。基于电磁超声和涡流的复合检测方法,设计了能同时满足电磁超声检测和涡流检测的复合式探头,建立了电磁超声和涡流复合检测有限元模型,并对金属试件中不同类型的缺陷进行了检测实验。仿真和实验结果表明,该复合探头不仅能快速检测表面裂纹,而且可激发出具有明显指向性的纵波,一定程度上削弱了波形转换产生的干扰波,可实现对内部缺陷的准确定位、识别,为电磁超声和涡流复合式检测技术在板材的复杂缺陷检测中的应用提供了基础。     

连铸钢坯表面裂纹检测分析

本文针对连铸钢坯表面裂纹缺陷，采用小波分析方法模仿人工视觉对连铸钢坯表面图像信号进行模式识别检测，由此实现对热状态下连铸钢坯表面裂纹进行不间断检测。     

金属表面裂纹涡流检测系统

针对现实生活中由于金属裂纹引发的众多灾难性事故,研究设计了一种结构简单、灵敏度高而且便于携带的金属表面裂纹涡流检测装置.该装置应用涡流探伤的基本原理,采用磁性材料,制作了一种精细的涡流传感器,用于前端提取微弱的裂纹信号;后台应用单片机控制电路,处理提取的滤波、放大、A/D转换等信号,最后由单片机驱动声、光报警,显示裂纹缺陷的相对大小,实现了防患于未然的目的.     

一种基于预多频涡流检测技术的钢球硬度分选系统

提出了一种基于预多频涡流检测技术的钢球硬度分选系统,介绍了系统组成、工作原理及硬软件设计。该系统以工业控制PC机为核心,采用8个频率工作,通过对每个频率的测量信号的综合评价,可确定钢球的硬度。试验和实际生产应用均证明该系统可对钢球硬度进行100％自动分选,且灵敏度高,可靠性好。     

Detection of Defects in the Tubes of Refrigerators of Locomotive Diesel Engines by the Eddy Current Method

We describe a dynamic eddy current flaw detector for the testing of thin-walled brass tubes with rotation of the eddy current transducer around them. We show that the eddy current method makes it possible to detect the greatest number of defective tubes as compared with the visual and hydraulic-test methods. The productivity of the eddy current method is 8 – 10 times as high as that of other methods. It enables one to evaluate the depths of defects and, correspondingly, the degree of their danger by the signal amplitude of the eddy current flaw detector. We show the possibility to set an optimal reject criterion and the corresponding level of operation of the threshold device of the flaw detector. The rejection of tubes with defects deeper than the assigned value makes it possible to decrease the number of wrongly rejected tubes. The LEOTEST VD-5D dynamic eddy current flaw detector was introduced in the technological process of full-scale locomotive production. __________ Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 109 – 111, May – June, 2005.     

基于涡流检测信号的金属曲面距离测量方法研究

为提高曲面试件的涡流测距精度,提出一种基于涡流信号差值的测距修正方法.该方法通过研究不锈钢平板试件与曲面试件涡流信号的不同,拟合计算出曲面涡流信号和平面涡流信号之间差值与曲面试件曲率的定量关系.利用这一函数关系,对不同曲率试件的测量结果进行补偿,可修正由于试件存在曲面造成的测量误差.通过实验进行可行性验证,对平板试件与...     

Characterization of Hydrogen Embrittlement in 2.25cr-1mo-0.25v Steel by Eddy Current Method

Eddy current method has been recently developed to characterize mechanical properties of materials and assess internal hydrogen content of high strength low alloy steels. The application of eddy current testing in evaluating hydrogen embrittlement state of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V ferritic steel has been investigated using tensile test and electrochemical hydrogen charging test. The relationship between the embrittlement index and eddy current signal is well established. It found that there is a good linear relation between the hydrogen-induced plasticity loss and the eddy current signal. This shows eddy current testing is an effective method for evaluating hydrogen embrittlement state of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel.     

Reconstruction of Cracks with Multiple Eddy Current Coils Using a Database Approach

This paper presents some recent studies dealing with flaw reconstruction using eddy current testing. The locations of parallel planar cracks in an Inconel 600 plate specimen are determined and the shapes of them are reconstructed at the same time using the signals from a multi-pancake coil probe. The reconstruction strategy, consisting of a data base used fast forward solver and a first order optimization algorithm, relies on the minimization of the nonlinear least square residual function. Validity of the inverse analysis method is investigated with respect to the influence of the arrangement of scanning paths. The efficiency of the computation is also discussed.     

误差分离理论在微机辅助轴类工件表面缺陷检测中的应用

误差分离理论和涡流无损检测方法是在圆度测量和无损检测两个领域中分别独立进行的。本文首次提出了利用误差分离理论和涡流技术对轴类工件表面进行无损探伤的四点法数学模型 ,并在此基础上建立了实验系统 ,对这一新方法进行了实验验证。实验结果表明这一新方法是可行的     

Characterizing the performance of eddy current probes using photoinductive field-mapping

We present a new method for characterizing the performance of eddy current probes by mapping their electromagnetic fields. The technique is based on the photoinductive effect, the change in the impedance of an eddy current probe induced by laser heating of the material under the probe. The instrument we developed maps a probe's electric field distribution by scanning an infrared laser beam over a thin film of gold lying underneath the probe. Measurements of both photoinductive signals and flaw signals for a series of similar probes demonstrate that the impedance change caused by an electrical-discharge-machined (EDM) notch or a fatigue crack is proportional to the strength of the photoinductive signal. Thus, photoinductive measurements can supplant the use of artifact standards to calibrate eddy current probes. Furthermore, the shape and symmetry of the probe's field pattern can reveal defects in probe construction. By combining photoinductive measurements of a probe's field strength with a theoretical model, we are able to quantitatively predict the probe's performance under hypothetical conditions. To model commercial eddy current probes with ferrite cores, we developed a procedure to treat them as effective air-core probes. We obtained good agreement between the flaw signals calculated using this effective-coil approach and actual fatiguecrack signals measured with commercial probes. We also calculated probabilities of detection for target flaws in titanium alloys for a series of commercial probes. The results reveal how probe sensitivity can affect the reliability of an eddy current inspection.This article is dedicated to Professor Bertram A. Auld on the occasion of his 70th birthday and his retirement from Stanford University.     

Characterization of Structural Noise Patterns and Echo Separation in the Time-Frequency Plane for Austenitic Stainless Steels

The aim of this study is to characterize the structural noise for a better flaw detection in heterogeneous materials (steels, weld, composites...) using ultrasonic waves. For this purpose, the continuous wavelet transform is applied to ultrasonic A-scan signals acquired using an ultrasonic non destructive testing (NDT) device. The time-scale representation provided, which highlights the temporal evolution of the spectral content of the A-scan signals, is relevant but can lead to misinterpretation. The problem is to identify if each pattern from the wavelet representation is due to the structural noise or the flaw. To solve this problem, a detection technique based on statistical significance testing in the time-scale plane is used. Information about the structural noise signals is injected into the decision process using an autoregressive model, which seems relevant according to the spectral content of the signal. The approach is tested on experimental signals, obtained by ultrasonic NDT of metallic materials (austenitic stainless steel) then on a weld in this steel and indeed enables to distinguish the components of the signal as flaw echoes, which differ from the structural noise.     

Eddy current data for characterizing less volumetric stress corrosion cracking in nonmagnetic materials

The authors gather eddy current signals due to artificial stress corrosion cracking so that the data may be available to other researchers. Three cracks are introduced into an austenitic stainless steel plate, eddy current measurements are performed, and then the plate is destroyed to observe the cross-sectional profiles of the cracks. The authors will offer the data, as well as the true profile of the stress corrosion cracking revealed by destructive tests, to anybody who are interested in utilizing it in their studies.