木塑复合材料的胶接技术研究进展

介绍了木塑复合材料的概念与特点,提出了木塑复合材料胶接技术所面临的主要问题,综述了国内外改善木塑复合材料胶接性能的研究现状,总结了胶种优选、表面处理等改善木塑复合材料胶接性能的措施,简述了预测木塑复合材料胶接强度的无损检测手段,展望了木塑复合材料胶接技术研究的发展方向。     

木塑复合材料制备及其在建筑中应用进展

综述了木塑复合材料的生产工艺,分析了影响木塑复合材料力学性能和耐久性的因素,阐述了木塑复合材料在建筑工程中的应用,展望了未来木塑复合材料的研究方向。指出今后木塑复合材料的研究应主要集中在耐久性机理的进一步探索以及提高木塑复合材料耐久性的改性和结构设计方法。     

木塑复合材料在工业产品中的应用及研究进展

对木塑复合材料的组成及生产加工工艺进行了综述,介绍了木塑复合材料改性的种类和进展。通过添加阻燃抑烟剂、改性木质材料和使用防护涂层对木塑复合材料进行阻燃抑烟改性,显著提高了木塑复合材料的阻燃性能;利用化学改性、物理改性和添加辅助试剂的方法实现木塑复合材料的界面改性和增强改性,增强材料间的界面相容性和机械强度,拓宽了木塑复合材料的应用范围;通过添加抗菌试剂、表面抗菌改性、添加填充剂或基质处理的方法,显著增强了木塑复合材料抗菌、耐老化及耐候性能。最后,概括了木塑复合材料在建筑、家具和汽车等领域的应用。     

木塑复合材料研究及应用进展

阐述了近年来木塑复合材料的研究和应用现状。对聚氯乙烯(PVC)木塑复合材料、聚苯乙烯(PS)木塑复合材料、聚丙烯(PP)木塑复合材料、聚乙烯(PE)木塑复合材料和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)木塑复合材料的研究现状进行综述,并对木塑复合材料的应用现状做出部分举例,主要是其在家具、汽车和建筑园林中的应用。     

木塑复合材料的研究进展

介绍了木塑复合材料界面相容性的改善方法和复合材料的加工工艺,概括了木塑复合材料的性能,探讨了我国木塑复合材料存在的问题,并展望了木塑复合材料的发展前景。     

木塑复合材料的光降解与光稳定

介绍了国内外木塑复合材料的发展现状,分析了木塑复合材料的光降解机理,指出木塑复合材料的光稳定必须综合考虑木材和塑料两方面的因素,对目前木塑复合材料光稳定的可行途径进行了讨论,并展望了国内外木塑复合材料的发展趋势。     

稻壳粉在木塑产品中的应用

研究了稻壳粉在木塑复合材料中的应用,并且与单独使用木粉的木塑复合材料进行了加工性能和力学性能的比较。结果表明,使用木粉和稻壳粉等比例混合的木塑复合材料的加工性能、力学性能要优于单独使用木粉的木塑复合材料。     

木塑复合材料抗菌抗病毒应用研究

为增加木塑复合材料抗菌抗病毒功能,制备了载银抗菌抗病毒剂,研究了其对木塑复合材料物理性能的影响,并测试了其应用于木塑复合材料后的抗菌、抗病毒有效率。结果表明,载银抗菌抗病毒剂的添加不影响木塑复合材料的弯曲强度、冲击性能,载银抗菌抗病毒剂在木塑复合材料中添加量为0.5%时,木塑复合材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌、流感病毒H3N2杀灭率可达到99.99%,防霉等级0级。     

木塑复合材料挤出技术的现状及发展趋势

木塑复合材料挤出技术的出现符合我国当前可持续性发展的概念,主要阐述了木塑复合材料挤出技术的现状及目前我国木塑复合材料挤出生产中在设备、模具、辅机、配方及制品截面设计方面存在一些需要改进的问题,并对木塑复合材料挤出技术未来的发展趋势作了展望。     

木塑复合材料的研究进展与发展前景

综述了木塑复合材料的分类及特点,指出了木塑复合材料研究中的关键问题,如木质和塑料复合界面的相容性等及其解决方法,介绍了木塑复合材料的加工工艺和配方设计,展望了木塑复合材料的发展前景。     

一种用于气体制备的N形管道反应器--无机化学绿色实验装置的设计

本文设计了一种新型的微型气体制备装置,对仪器的制作和使用进行了介绍.利用该仪器制备H2S(g)、SO2(g)、Cl2(g)、O2(g)、H2(g)等五种气体的实验原理、步骤和气体性质实验的结果与现象进行了报道.此种反应器已经在本院无机化学实验课中进行推广,取得了良好的效果,达到了减少有害物质对环境的污染,实现了无机化学气体制备实验绿色化的目标.     

几种高效杀虫杀螨剂的室内毒力测定

以二化螟、小菜蛾、棉铃虫、棉红蜘蛛等为生测靶标，分别测试了阿维菌素、氟虫腈、溴虫腈、RH5992、对照药剂等的相对毒力。阿维菌素对测试的四个靶标均表现最高活性，氟虫腈对二化螟、小菜蛾表现高活性，溴虫腈对棉红蜘蛛、小菜蛾表现高活性，RH5992对二化螟、小菜蛾、棉铃虫表现高活性。     

反渗透海水淡化膜法预处理技术研究进展

简要论述了反渗透海水淡化的各种新型膜法预处理技术研究进展情况及其在国内外的具体运用情况,内容主要涵括连续微滤技术(CMF)、浸没式帘式膜过滤、超滤技术、纳滤技术以及陶瓷膜过滤.并指出膜法预处理将成为今后反渗透海水淡化预处理的主要发展方向.     

ZnO与Mg(OH)2在软PVC中的协同阻燃消烟作用

用热分析的方法研究了ZnO和Mg(OH)2复合阻燃剂对软PVC的协同阻燃消烟作用,考察了经阻燃处理的软PVC从室温到800℃的热降解过程,用Kissinger方程给出了热降解反应的活化能。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、剩炭率、烟密度等级(SDR)和最大烟密度(MSD)的测定以及用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对燃烧后所生成炭层的观察,探讨了协同体系阻燃抑烟的机理。结果表明:经阻燃处理的样品尤其是加入适量ZnO和Mg(OH)2复合阻燃剂的样品具有较高的极限氧指数(LOI)和剩炭率、较低的烟密度等级(SDR)和最大烟密度(MSD),与未处理的样品相比具有较好的阻燃和消烟性能。ZnO的加入可改变PVC的热降解过程,使起始降解温度降低,并且使反应的活化能增大,可能属于固相Lewis酸催化机理。     

Polypropylene fiber–matrix bonds in cementitious composites

It is known that for creating advanced polyolefin/cement-based composites the polymer surface should be converted into a layer which is compatible with the inorganic component. In this respect, plasma chemistry offers additional solutions to the wet chemistry approach. It has been demonstrated during the last decade that cold plasma-mediated reactions are suitable for etching and surface functionalizing even the most inert polymeric substrates, including Teflon, polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE). In this paper composite preparations from SiCl₄-cold plasma and chromic acid-treated fibrillated PP substrates and cement are described. The nature of plasma- and wet chemistry-induced surface functionalization and etching processes was monitored using survey and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic water contact angle measurements. It has been demonstrated that the plasma-exposed surfaces result in increased adhesion between the fibers and the cementitious matrix in comparison with the chromic acid-modified fibers. It has been shown that the improved tensile strength values can be related to the treatment-generated polar surface functionalities as well as roughness.     

Penetration of Organic Liquids into Dry Portland Cement Mortar under Ambient and High Pressure

The penetration depths (PDs) of 81 different organic liquids into uncracked dry cement mortar were measured by a suction test at ambient pressure. The physicochemical properties of the liquids (viscosity (η), surface tension (σ), density (ρ), partition coefficient (logP), and molecular volume) were correlated with their penetration depth at normal pressure. It was found that viscosity has the main impact on the penetration. It could be shown by dimensional analysis that the penetration depth at ambient pressure is proportional to the parameter (σρ/η²)^1/4. Furthermore, a device to measure the penetration at high pressure up to 50 bar was set up. It was experimentally found that the natural logarithm of the PD at constant time is approximately proportional to the natural logarithm of the applied pressure. A method was elaborated to extrapolate the penetration depth at normal pressure from one single high‐pressure measurement. The advantage of this technique is the significantly shorter measurement time for the high‐pressure test of 15 min up to 1 h compared to the usual tests at normal pressure which require 72 h.     

Comparing three configurations of the externally heat-integrated double distillation columns (EHIDDiCs)

In terms of separation of a binary mixture of ethylene and ethane, three configurations of externally heat-integrated double distillation columns (EHIDDiCs), including a symmetrical EHIDDiC (S-EHIDDiC), an asymmetrical EHIDDiC (A-EHIDDiC), and a simplified asymmetrical EHIDDiC (SA-EHIDDiC), are compared with respect to aspects related to process design and controllability. It has been found that the A-EHIDDiC and SA-EHIDDiC are superior to the S-EHIDDiC in terms of thermodynamic efficiency as well as in terms of process dynamics and controllability. As for the comparison between the A-EHIDDiC and SA-EHIDDiC, the latter shows somewhat comparable behaviors with the former in terms of process design and controllability. These results demonstrate that the asymmetrical configuration should generally be favored over the symmetrical one for the development of the EHIDDiC. It is feasible to approximate external heat integration using three heat exchangers between the high- and low-pressure distillation columns involved.     

四硝基并哌嗪在二甲基亚砜中的溶解结晶过程及晶体结构研究

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和密度泛函理论(DFT)等测试手段和方法研究一种硝胺化合物四硝基并哌嗪(TNAD)的溶解及结晶过程,表征了其晶体结构;并通过理论分析进一步研究了其晶胞参数和可能存在的分子构型。研究表明,TNAD在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中溶解性良好,且溶解度曲线采用波尔兹曼函数拟合最合适;从过饱和的DMSO中能得到稳定的TNAD晶体,晶体属于四方晶系。扫描电镜观察晶体形状为规整的长方体。DFT分析表明TNAD可能存在5种不同构型,其中"椅-椅结合式异向构象"和"船-船结合式异向构象"最稳定。     

受阻胺光稳定剂对PVC的光稳定作用

传统上,聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）防光老化主要用于二苯甲酮类光稳定体系,一般认为在聚烯烃中应用效果较好的受阻胺光稳定剂,不适用于ＰＶＣ体系,将受阻胺光稳定剂试用于ＰＶＣ薄膜,结果表明,该光稳定剂用于ＰＶＣ中,其光,热稳定效果与二苯甲酮类紫外光稳定剂相近,为使ＰＶＣ具有防尘功能的丙烯酸酯类聚合物表面涂层,对ＰＶＣ的紫外光稳定有益。     

Kinase Signaling in Apoptosis Induced by Saturated Fatty Acids in Pancreatic β-Cells

Pancreatic β-cell failure and death is considered to be one of the main factors responsible for type 2 diabetes. It is caused by, in addition to hyperglycemia, chronic exposure to increased concentrations of fatty acids, mainly saturated fatty acids. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by saturated fatty acids in β-cells are not completely clear. It has been proposed that kinase signaling could be involved, particularly, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), protein kinase C (PKC), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Akt kinases and their pathways. In this review, we discuss these kinases and their signaling pathways with respect to their possible role in apoptosis induction by saturated fatty acids in pancreatic β-cells.