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Maria Cláudia Ramalho Vendramini Maria Izabel Camargo Mathias Adriano Uemura De Faria Karim Christina Scopinho Furquim Leonardo Peres De Souza Gervásio Henrique Bechara Gislaine Cristina Roma 《Microscopy research and technique》2012,75(12):1745-1754
Because of the increasing medical‐veterinary importance of ticks, the development of alternative control methods, less aggressive to the host and the environment has become the target of several researches. In this sense, the present study analyzed the action of different concentrations (5, 10, and 20%) of andiroba seed oil (Carapa guianensis) on the reproductive system of Rhipicephalus sanguineus females, through histochemical techniques and the quantification of the reproductive efficiency index. The results showed that andiroba oil is a potent natural agent, able to cause several changes in the oocytes of this species, impairing the reproductive success, once this natural product induces great physiological changes in the oocytes in all development stages, such as drastic reduction in proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids in these cells, and these components are essential for the viability of the embryo. In addition, it was observed that this product stimulate the oviposition, mainly at the concentration of 20%. This higher production of eggs represents a defense mechanism developed by the organism in order to ensure the reproductive success of the species, even in the presence of the toxic agent. However, the results obtained suggested that the laid eggs would not be viable, due to the great changes undergone by the oocytes. Thus, the present study showed that the use of this vegetal product would be an alternative way to control the ticks, bringing benefits similar to the ones obtained through the use of synthetic acaricides; however, with less damage to nontarget organisms and the environment as well. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Millettia pachycarpa Benth (Leguminosae) has a usage in traditional medicine system practiced among the Lushai tribes of Mizoram, a state in North East India, who customarily consume the aqueous extract of the root peel of the plant to get rid of intestinal worm infections. The crude ethanol, methanol, and acetone fractions of the plant were assayed against Raillietina echinobothrida, the intestinal cestode parasite of domestic fowl, to authenticate the putative anthelmintic efficacy and cestocidal potential in particular of the plants. In vitro exposure of the worm to the extract at a concentration of 25 mg/mL phosphate buffered saline (at 37 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C) revealed distortion and disruption of mitochondria, nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear membrane, basal lamina, and tegumental vacuolization in the distal cytoplasm leading to scar formation in the surface. The possible use of the plant as a potential anthelmintic against cestode parasite is discussed. 相似文献
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The flower of Butea monosperma (Lam.) (Fabaceae) has been used in traditional Indian medicine in the treatment of many ailments including liver disorders. To understand the pharmacological basis of its beneficial effects, the extracts of dried flowers in water, methanol, butanol, ethyl acetate and acetone were evaluated for free radical scavenging and pro-apoptotic activities in cell cultures (human hepatoma Huh-7 cell line and immortalized AML-12 mouse hepatocytes). Butrin and butein -the active constituents of flower extracts- were used as reference molecules. The levels of cell injury markers like lactate dehydrogenase, glutathione and lipid peroxidation and primary antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-transferase and catalase were also measured. The aqueous and butanolic extracts exhibited better 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging and cytotoxic activities in hepatoma cells than in immortalized hepatocytes. Interestingly, butein inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical better than butrin. The aqueous and butanolic extracts were further investigated for hepatoprotection against carbon tertrachloride-induced biochemical changes and cell death. Both extracts, just as butrin and butein, significantly reversed the cellular glutathione levels and lipid peroxidation, and glutathione–S-transferase activity. Lactate dehydrogenase leakage and cell death were also prevented. However, only butein revived the catalase activity. Thus, the butein content of Butea monosperma flower extracts is important for free radical scavenging activity, apoptotic cell death and protection against oxidative injury in hepatic cells. 相似文献
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R.N. Remedio P.H. Nunes L.A. Anholeto M.I. Camargo‐Mathias 《Microscopy research and technique》2014,77(12):989-998
Currently, the necessity of controlling infestation by ticks, especially by Rhipicephalus sanguineus, has led researchers and public health managers around the world to search for new and more efficient control methods. This way, we can highlight neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaf, bark, and seed extracts, which have been very effective on tick control, and moreover causing less damage to the environment and to the host. This study showed the potential of neem as a control method for R. sanguineus through morphological and morphometric evaluation of the integument and synganglion of females, in semiengorged stage. To attain this, routine techniques of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and morphometry of the cuticle and subcuticle of the integument were applied. Expressive morphological alterations were observed in both organs, presenting a dose‐dependent effect. Integument epithelial cells and nerve cells of the synganglion showed signs of cell vacuolation, dilated intercellular boundaries, and cellular disorganization, alterations not previously reported in studies with neem. In addition, variations in subcuticle thickness were also observed. In general, the effects of neem are multiple, and affect the morphology and physiology of target animals in various ways. The results presented in this work are the first evidence of its effects in the coating and nervous system of ticks, thus allowing an indication of neem aqueous extracts as a potential control method of the brown dog tick and opening new perspectives on acaricide use. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:989–998, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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企业生产中,通用件具有高质、高效、低成本等优点。文章结合企业生产实际,阐述了油缸产品管理体系的建立,通过分析液压支架立柱、千斤顶的特点,设计了零件标准化、通用化的方案。 相似文献
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为更好地应对多变的市场需求,引入柔性产品平台的概念。吸收模块化产品平台设计和基于可调节变量的产品平台设计方法的优点,建立了基于柔性产品平台的产品族开发设计流程。在设计过程中,首先通过划分市场网格,确定出产品的市场区段、产品变型及产品未来发展的部分不确定性,然后将不确定性中的部分可知的不确定性作为产品的发展趋势,以指导现有的产品设计。对与用户需求相关的未知的不确定性进行分析,找出与之相关的主要设计参数。通过参数向物理结构的映射,找出产品的核心柔性结构。提取公共元素和柔性元素,建立柔性化的产品平台,并在其基础上添加特有元素,从而派生出一系列的产品族。最后,以数控立式磨床产品族的开发为例验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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桂俊德 《机电产品开发与创新》2009,22(5):55-57
从中小企业的产品开发实际需求出发,分析了产品设计过程与产品质量控制的关系,提出了适合中小企业产品开发与质量控制的要点和工具,达到在产品设计开发过程中,有效实施质量设计和质量控制的目标。在产品开发中,通过有效利用这套产品开发质量控制工具,达到了对市场需求变化的快速响应、提高了产品开发效率,缩短了开发周期,提高了产品开发质量。 相似文献
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企业核心竞争力是近几年企业界和学术界比较关注的话题。文中从企业核心竞争力的概念和特征展开,论述了提升企业核心竞争力应以提升产品质量为目标。而产品质量的提高应从产品研发质量、产品制造质量和产品售后服务质量三方面着手。 相似文献
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在分析产品数据模型的基础上,研究了产品的关联性设计方法,采用了在装配环境下直接进行产品设计的方法,通过构造产品层次化组织结构、创建产品控制骨架、管理产品关联性、建立各层模型的装配关系,结合具体的零件特征建模方法,实现了产品的全相关控制.并通过某汽轮机厂套装油管路设计中的具体实例,验证了文中提出的方法.结果表明,这种建模方法为产品设计提供了新途径,具有高效,智能等特点. 相似文献
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讨论了在机器人作业过程中手端与外界相互作用时,位置与力单独控制的有关问题,提出了它们的缺陷———实际的约束环境与给定的约束环境不符时,会出现控制的不确定现象。针对这一现象,提出了采用刚性控制可以较好地解决这一问题。 相似文献
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变频调速系统在熟料窑窑体拖动中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍了采用ABB变频器控制熟料窑窑体转速的技术,该技术的实施降低了设备维修量、节能降耗、提高了生产力、产生了较好的经济效益。 相似文献
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为满足复杂应用环境下产品生命周期管理系统的访问控制需求,提出一种面向产品生命周期管理的多粒度访问控制模型.该模型通过完善基于角色的访问控制方法中访问主体的组成粒度和访问客体的层次粒度,引入访问客体生命周期粒度和许可分配控制粒度,在扩大基于角色的访问控制范围的同时,一定程度上降低了误授权率和公共许可的重复授权量,实现了对不同层次和生命周期状态的访问客体的精确控制,解决了临时授权、项目授权、委托授权等导致的许可一致性控制问题.最后,给出了该模型的形式化描述和许可一致性控制算法,并通过实例验证了该模型的有效性. 相似文献
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De Oliveira PR Calligaris IB Roma GC Bechara GH Mathias MI 《Microscopy research and technique》2012,75(6):727-736
This study presents the morpho-histological and histochemical characterization of the testes, integument, Malpighian tubules, and midgut of engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus nymphs on the detachment day, showing the morphological and physiological characteristics to this phase in the life cycle of these individuals. The testis is constituted by germinative cells (only spermatogonia) with large, round-shaped and strongly stained nuclei which are organized into cysts by a thin layer of somatic cells. The integument consists of a cuticle subdivided into epicuticle (lipoprotein) and procuticle (glycoproteic), and a layer of epithelial cells which present glycolipoprotein elements. The procuticle presents two distinct regions: the exocuticle (next to the epicuticle) and the endocuticle (next to the epithelial layer). The Malpighian tubules present a simple epithelium with small flat and/or cubic cells, which form its wall and delimitates a lumen full of lipoprotein material. The midgut consists of an epithelial wall formed by two types of digestive cells, spent cells and empty digest cells, and by generative cells supported by a basal lamina and a thin layer of muscular tissue. This study described the main organs of engorged nymphs of R. sanguineus, to generate information that can help researchers to better understand the biology of these ectoparasites; which is fundamental for the development of compounds that are less aggressive to the environment. In addition, if the immature stages of the ticks are controlled, the number of adult ticks able to cause damages to the animals--and to the man as well--is also under control. 相似文献
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陆宁 《机械制造与自动化》2011,40(5):33-35
胶片生产线长达数百米,而胶片是柔性的,故沿线传动装置由多台电动机驱动。提出了卷片机构的设计方案,并进行了动力分析。同时还提出对柔性产品实现张力的准确控制,实时在线控制的方法。 相似文献