Ti-Zr-Cu-Co-Sn-Si块体非晶合金的形成及生物腐蚀行为和力学性能

采用铜模铸造法制备了不含高生物毒性元素Ni和Be及贵金属元素的生物医用型Ti87-xZr7.5CuxCo2.5Sn2Si1(x=39,40,42,原子分数/%)块体非晶合金,并对其非晶形成能力、热稳定性、生物腐蚀行为及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:该系非晶合金临界直径为2~3mm,并具有较高的热稳定性,其过冷液体温度区间为44~51K。Ti-Zr-Cu-Co-Sn-Si非晶合金在模拟人体体液环境中表现出高耐腐蚀性能,在37℃的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中发生自钝化,钝化电流密度低,且其开路电位和孔蚀电位随着Ti含量的增加而提高。该系非晶合金具有良好的力学性能,压缩断裂强度达2309MPa,弹性模量为92~100GPa。     

新型Zr—Nb基大块非晶合金的形成及性能

本文用耒淬法制备Ｚｒ－Ｎｂ基大块非晶合金;并采用ＤＳＣ热分析法测定了该种合金的玻璃转变温度和热稳定性。采用超声检测方法精确测定了材料的声学性能,由此计算得到一组大块非晶合金的弹性性能参数。     

微量添加Y对锆基非晶合金在盐酸溶液中耐腐蚀性的影响

采用真空单辊甩带法制备出成分为(Zr_(56)Al_(16)Co_(28))_(100-X)Y_X(X=0,2,4)的合金试样,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、电化学极化曲线和场发射扫描电镜(SEM)研究了Y对Zr-Al-Co非晶合金在1 mol/L HCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响,采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波赝势法(PWP)和广义梯度近似(GGA)方法分析耐蚀性的影响机理。结果表明,(Zr_(56)Al_(16)Co_(28))_(100-X)Y_X(X=0,2,4)非晶合金的耐腐蚀性能优于不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9Ti),适量地添加稀土元素Y能提高非晶合金费米能级,促进钝化膜形成,从而显著提高了非晶合金的耐腐蚀性。     

Ti基非晶合金及其SiC陶瓷骨架复合材料动态压缩力学行为研究

为了验证Ti基非晶合金和陶瓷两种材料三维连通网状结构的复合优势,制备出具有优良抗冲击性能的复合材料,本文采用铜模吸铸法制备了Ti基非晶合金,并用渗流铸造法制备出孔隙率分别为30.86%、18.14%和15.28%的Ti基非晶合金/SiC陶瓷骨架复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪对纯Ti基非晶合金以及SiC陶瓷骨架复合材料进行相分析,确认了试件材料的非晶状态;在不同应变速率下,用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验装置对试样进行室温轴向动态压缩力学性能测试,并利用能谱型场发射扫描电镜(SEM)等设备观察了试件的微观组织和断面特征,对比分析了Ti基非晶合金和SiC陶瓷骨架复合材料的动态压缩力学性能和失效机理。研究表明,Ti基非晶合金/SiC陶瓷骨架复合材料内部的微裂纹最初萌生于应力集中的两相界面处,并在SiC相内部或两相界面处扩展,继续加载,SiC相失效后,Ti基非晶合金相在远超过其动态压缩强度的应力下迅速失效,复合材料整体失效。SiC相内的断裂形貌主要有微裂纹与解理台阶,Ti基非晶合金相内的断裂形貌有脉状花样、多重脊状条带、蜂窝状花样与光滑无特征区,其中以光滑无特征区为主。复合材料的抗压强度随Si...     

微量元素对Cu-Zr-Al系非晶合金性能的影响

通过对直径为3mm成分为Cu50Zr43Al7、(Cu50Zr43Al7)100-xYx(x=2,5)、(Cu50Zr43Al7)100-xAgx(x=6,7)的非晶合金进行X射线衍射(XRD)和差分扫描量热(DSC)的测试分析,研究了微量元素Ag、Y对Cu50Zr43Al7块状非晶的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性的影响。结果表明,添加适当微量的Ag和Y元素,提高了合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力,但Ag元素比Y元素的作用要更加显著。利用动电位极化法对各非晶合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学测试表明,各非晶合金的耐腐蚀性均远远好于相应的晶态合金。添加了微量的Ag、Y元素提高了Cu50Zr43Al7非晶合金的耐蚀性能,Cu43Zr43Al7Ag7非晶合金的腐蚀电流密度比Cu50Zr43Al7的降低了1～2个数量级。     

Cu基块体非晶合金的研究进展

综述了国内外最近几年来Cu基大块非晶合金的研究现状,介绍了Cu基大块非晶合金在玻璃形成能力、机械性能、耐腐蚀性能、非晶-纳米晶合金方面的研究成果,最后探讨了Cu基大块非晶合金未来的研究重点.     

Ti—Mn基储氢合金研究进展

综述了Ｔｉ－Ｍｎ基储氢材料的国内外研究现状与进展。详细介绍了已研究开发的二元、三元和多元合金及其储氢性能并讨论了影响储氢性能的主要因素。     

添加Nb元素对TiZr基非晶复合材料性能的影响

使用铜模铸造法制备(Ti_45.7Zr₃₃Ni₃Cu_5.8Be_12.5)₍(1-0.01x))Nb_x(x=0、2、4、6、8和10,记为Nb0、Nb2、Nb4、Nb6、Nb8和Nb10)的Ti Zr基非晶合金复合材料,研究了添加Nb元素对Ti Zr基非晶复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,Nb元素含量的提高使材料中β相的晶粒尺寸更大、体积分数提高和形变诱发马氏体相变受到抑制。Nb元素的添加,使这种非晶复合材料的塑性大大提高,而屈服强度降低。值得注意的是,Nb元素的添加还提高了非晶复合材料力学性能的可重复性。在Nb0～Nb4等具有形变诱发相变的非晶复合材料生成的小板条α’’马氏体,能诱导多重剪切带的生成。在Nb6～Nb10这种未发生形变诱发相变行为的非晶复合材料中,大量位错在β相中产生并在界面处积累形成位错台阶,从而引发多重剪切带的形成,最终使非晶复合材料的塑性提高。     

Zr基块体非晶合金的成分设计及其性能研究

根据二元共晶混合法设计Zr-Cu-Ni-Al非晶合金成分,利用铜模吸铸法制备Zr-Cu-Ni-Al合金棒材.采用XRD、DSC、SEM及准静态压缩实验研究了所设计合金的非晶形成能力和力学性能.结果表明:所设计的Zr-Cu-Ni-Al合金均为非晶态结构,其过冷液相区(ΔTx)均超过65 K,有较好的非晶形成能力,其中Zr55.7 Cu22.4 Ni7.2 Al14.7合金的ΔTx最宽,达到82 K;合金的塑性变形能力由低到高依次为:Zr57 Cu18.67 Ni8 Al16.33、Zr56.36 Cu20.53-Ni7.6 Al15.51、Zr54.4 Cu26.13 Ni6.4 Al13.07和Zr55.7 Cu22.4 Ni7.2 Al14.7,其中Zr55.7 Cu22.4 Ni7.2 Al14.7的塑性达到5.5％,抗压强度达到1885 MPa,其他三种合金的塑性均不足2％.剪切带的增殖和交互作用与非晶合金的塑性和强度密切相关.合金试样断口中均有熔滴存在,这表明在合金变形过程中,断裂处的合金组织发生了粘性流动,并伴有脉纹产生.合金在塑性变形中均发生了锯齿流变,锯齿流变与自由体积的变化密切相关.     

重稀土元素添加对Cu-Zr-Al合金非晶形成和力学性能的调控

稀土元素是改善非晶态合金形成能力和性能的重要添加剂,本文采用铜模吸铸法制备了一系列Cu50-x Zr46Al4REx(RE=Dy,Tb,Gd;x=0,1,2,3,4)非晶态合金,系统地探究了重稀土元素Dy、Tb、Gd添加对Cu-Zr-Al合金非晶形成能力(GFA)和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明加入重稀土元素Dy、Tb、...     

内生非晶复合材料组织与力学性能调控研究进展

非晶合金因其独特的短程有序、长程无序原子结构特征, 使其具有了一系列优异的力学、物理、化学等性能, 在先进金属结构材料领域具有巨大的潜在应用价值。但非晶合金在室温承载变形时, 原子团簇发生剪切转变形成的大量自由体积会演化为高度局域化剪切带, 局域化剪切带由于缺乏介质的阻碍会发生失稳扩展, 导致非晶合金极易发生室温脆断, 特别单轴拉伸时基本无塑性。为克服这个缺憾, 研究者们提出将微米级尺寸的晶体相引入非晶来抑制剪切带的失稳扩展, 使得内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料具有了明显的拉伸塑性能力, 因此倍受材料学界的关注。近年来, 研究者们陆续通过成分设计、制备技术、热处理工艺等方法来实现非晶复合材料的塑性变形能力的提升, 使得非晶复合材料有望走向实际的工程应用。本文围绕内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料的微观组织调控这一关键科学问题, 从影响非晶复合材料微观组织结构的因素(合金成分设计、制备工艺参数、微观结构构筑等)到微观组织对其室温力学性能的影响机制两方面的研究成果进行了系统总结, 重点阐述了近10年来内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料领域组织调控及其室温力学性能关联性方面的研究进展, 并且对内生非晶复合材料研究领域目前的存在的问题和挑战进行了展望, 以期为高强高韧内生第二相增韧非晶复合材料的设计与制备提供理论参考。     

塑性钛基非晶复合材料的制备及性能

通过铜模喷铸法成功制备了一系列内生β-Ti(Zr, Nb)枝晶增塑的Ti-Zr-Nb-Cu-Be非晶复合材料, 研究了成分对枝晶体积分数及尺寸的影响及其对复合材料力学性能的调节作用。结果表明, Ti₄₈Zr₂₀Nb₁₂Cu₅Be₁₅合金压缩强度达到2061 MPa, 塑性变形高达22.5%, 表现出优异的综合力学性能。 非晶复合材料的塑性不仅与β-Ti(Zr,Nb)枝晶相的体积分数有关, 而且受到枝晶尺寸的强烈影响, 在一定体积分数条件下, 枝晶相的尺寸越大, 对剪切带的阻碍作用越明显, 合金的塑性越高。     

高熵非晶合金耐腐蚀性能研究进展

高熵非晶合金是近年来发展起来的一种新型合金材料,因其兼具高熵合金和非晶合金优异的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、磁性能等功能特性,引发了众多学者的广泛关注。本文简述了高熵非晶合金的含义与特点,介绍了高熵非晶材料的制备方法及组织与性能;归纳了该类材料的耐蚀机理与耐腐蚀性能的最新研究成果;展望了采用机器学习助力设计高熵非晶合金的新范式,并指出探究工况环境下的腐蚀失效机制、完善高熵非晶合金微观耐蚀机理与优化相关制备工艺是该材料广泛应用的前提条件。针对高熵非晶合金的开发及其耐腐蚀性开展的应用基础研究,将为我国海洋事业的“远洋化、深海化”提供先进的技术支撑和材料保障。     

Mechanical behaviours of workhardening and worksoftening bulk metallic glasses

Abstract

The workhardening Cu_47·5Zr_47·5Al₅ and the worksoftening Zr_52·5Cu_17·9Ni_14·6Al_10·0Ti_5·0 bulk metallic glasses before and after precompression deformation were characterised for thermal and mechanical behaviours. The predeformation introduces excessive free volume in both glasses. Cu_47·5Zr_47·5Al₅ and Zr_52·5Cu_17·9Ni_14·6Al_10·0Ti_5·0 exhibit substantial workhardening and worksoftening behaviours respectively. For Cu_47·5Zr_47·5Al₅, the precompression has a negligible effect on serrations in the plastic flow during nanoindentation, which is related to the hardening of a shear band, while for Zr_52·5Cu_17·9Ni_14·6Al_10·0Ti_5·0, the precompression moderates serrations in the plastic flow during nanoindentation, which is associated with the softening of a shear band. Strengthening from mechanically induced nanocrystallites at shear bands is responsible for the workhardening of Cu_47·5Zr_47·5Al₅, which overwhelms softening due to the introduction of excessive free volume.     

Enhanced plasticity of Zr-based bulk metallic glass composite by in situ formed β-Zr dendritics

A Zr_56.2Ti_13.8Nb_5.0Cu_6.9Ni_5.6Be_12.5 bulk metallic glass composite with enhanced plasticity by in situ formed bcc β-Zr solid solution was prepared by water quenching. The ductile β phase with a volume fraction of about 30% possesses a developed dendritic morphology. The composite exhibits a pure plastic strain of 10.2% combined with a large elastic strain limit of 2% and a high ultimate strength of 1778 MPa upon room-temperature compression. Microscopic observation shows numbers of wave-like shear bands distributed on the surface of the compressive samples. Translated from Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2006, 42(3): 331–336 [译自: 金属学报]     

Microstructural and mechanical behavior of Zr-based metallic glasses with the addition of Nb

The effect of Nb content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) were investigated. The addition of Nb led to the formation of the Zr-based metallic glass composites with a ductile dentritic phase by in situ precipitation. The presence of the in situ precipitated phase enhanced significantly the plasticity of the composite under uniaxial compressive test. The interactions between the precipitated phase and the shear band affect the deformation mechanism and fracture mode of the BMG by enhancing the affecting level of the normal stress on the shear surface, and the constant α in the Mohr–Coulomb criterion can reflect the extent of the interactions among particles and the amorphous matrix.     

Comparison of compressive deformation and fracture behaviors of Zr- and Ti-based metallic glasses with notches

Compressive tests on the Zr- and Ti-based metallic glasses with different notches were investigated to compare their shear fracture mechanism and plastic deformation abilities. It is found that the plasticity of the two metallic glasses can be improved by installing two semicircular symmetrical notches even for the Ti-based metallic glass which has nearly zero compressive plasticity. The enhanced plasticity may be ascribed to the easy initiation of shear bands (SBs) around the notches, and the consequent blocking effect of notches on the propagation of shear bands according to the large-scale stress gradient. Additionally, based on a theoretical model originated from the concept of critical steady shear displacement (CSSD), compared with the sizes of smooth regions on the fracture surface, the plasticity difference of the two different metallic glasses was analyzed quantitatively. The current findings might provide an approach to understand and estimate the difference in the plastic deformation abilities on diverse metallic glasses, as well as the ones with large-scale stress gradient.     

Effect of Nb addition on the subsurface deformation behavior in Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 bulk metallic glasses through Vickers indentation

In this paper, 3 mm diameter (Cu₄₇Ti₃₄Zr₁₁Ni₈)_100−xNb_x (x = 0,1,2) glass forming alloys were fabricated by water-cooled copper mould cast. Microstructural characterization reveals that the monolithic Cu₄₇Ti₃₄Zr₁₁Ni₈ bulk metallic glass exhibits homogenous amorphous structure. While the alloys with Nb addition exhibit a composite structure. For alloys with x = 1, micro-scaled crystalline particles were found to distribute in the glassy matrix. For alloys with x = 2, the microstructure is dominated by a high density of dendritic phase embedded in the glassy matrix. Bonded interface technique was adopted to study the deformation behavior of the alloys underneath the Vickers indentation. It reveals that the subsurface shear patterns are significantly affected by the precipitated phases. The different deformation mechanism of the alloys resulted from the minor Nb addition was put forward and discussed.     

Designing metallic glasses with optimal combinations of glass-forming ability and mechanical properties

It is a long-standing challenge to search for metallic glasses(MGs)with optimal combinations of glassforming ability(GFA),strength and toughness in the vast compositional space.By taking into account both recently developed ellipse criterion and temperature-based GFA criterion,here we established quantitative correlations among compositions,elastic constants,GFA and mechanical properties of MGs,which enable to predict the GFA,fracture strength and fracture surface simultaneously in advance once the compositions of MGs are determined.Experimental data confirm the validity of this approach in prediction.Finally,a strategy for designing MGs with optimal combinations of strength,toughness and GFA is proposed,which allows for high-throughput discovering glass formers with excellent mechanical properties.     

Mechanical behavior of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses

Bulk metallic glasses have a very high corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Bulk metallic glasses show elastic-perfectly plastic behavior with an extended region of elastic strain (≈ 2%). But at room temperature their macroscopic plasticity is weak even though a local plastic strain is observed in shear bands. A relaxation analysis allowed studying micro-mechanisms of plastic deformation and estimating the apparent activation volume (≈ 2000 ų). __________ Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 1, pp. 167–170, January–February, 2008.