硫酸中钛基二氧化铅阳极研究

研制了ＴｉＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ３／ＰｂＯ２金属阳极,用ＳＥＭ,ＸＲＤ,ＥＤＳ对阳极表层进行了观测和分析。测定了在８０℃,１ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１＼Ｈ２ＳＯ４中该电极的使用寿命和电化学动力学参数,并与贵金属及其合金电极进行了比较,采用双位垒模型讨论了该电极的电化学性能。结果表明,该电极是一种寿命长,催化活性好的非贵金属放氧阳极材料。     

Pb3O4层引入对钛基PbO2电极强化寿命的影响

在SnO2-Sb中间层的基础上,通过热分解引入Pb3O4层以提高二氧化铅层与钛基体的结合力,进而达到提高钛基二氧化铅电极寿命的目的。结果表明,Pb3O4层的引入使得钛基二氧化铅电极的强化测试寿命由100.5h提高到970h。根据XRF、XRD及SEM测试结果,详细分析了由于Pb3O4层的引入而提高PbO2电极强化寿命的原因。     

制备条件对钛基IrO2+Ta2O5涂层阳极性能的影响

研究了基体喷砂处理，涂制母液溶剂体系，添加剂等制备技术对热分解法制备钛基IrO2 Ta2O5阳极组织结构，性能的影响，结果表明，基体经喷砂处理后与氧化物涂层间的结合力加大，其阳极寿命明显提高，采用有机溶剂制备的涂层表现出典型的裂纹形貌，且晶粒细化，增大了阳极的电化学活性表面，从而提高了阳极的析氧电催化活性，加入适量添加剂可以改善涂层的致密度，能够有效地抑制活性组元的溶解，并阻止电解液在涂层中的渗透，延长了阳极的使用寿命，实验表明，添加剂含量为0．7％时改善效果最为明显。     

钛基金属氧化物阳极的耐用性研究进展

本文较全面地介绍了钛基金属氧化物阳极失效的几个主要原因:涂层溶蚀、涂层剥落、钛基体钝化、涂层"毒化"、机械损坏、不合理的工况条件等;并根据目前国内外采取的措施进行归纳和总结,提出了提高钛基金属氧化物阳极寿命的对策,为电化学稳定性更高的新型金属氧化物阳极的研制提供思路。     

钛基Ru-La-Sn涂层阳极的电催化性能

利用热分解法制备了不同La含量的钛基Ru-La-Sn涂层阳极，通过开路电位测试、循环伏安测试、阳极极化曲线测试和电化学交流阻抗谱测试研究了所制备涂层的电催化活性，并用扫描电镜对涂层阳极的表面形貌进行了观察。测试结果表明，制备温度对涂层阳极的表面形貌有很大影响，在涂层阳极中引入La可以提高涂层阳极的电催化活性，且La引入的最佳值为0．2(摩尔分数)。Ru-La-Sn涂层阳极电催化性能提高的原因在于La的引入可以增加涂层的有效活性表面积。     

基于TNTs中间层的钌铱钽氧化物阳极制备及强化寿命研究

目的 通过TNTs(TiO2纳米管阵列)中间层的引入以及涂层成分调控,制备具有优异析氯性能的长寿命金属氧化物阳极.方法 采用阳极氧化法及热处理工艺,在钛基体上原位生长导电性良好、化学性质稳定的TiO2纳米管阵列,进而通过涂覆、热分解法制备不同组成的RuIrTa氧化物复合电极.利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射...     

钛中间层对改性层结构及性能的影响

用XPS和GXRD研究了铝合金等离子体基离子注入氮后再注入钛最后复合注入氮和钛改性层的成分深度分布及相结构 ,用XTEM观察了改性层截面的组织结构 ,用AFM观察了改性层的表面形貌 ,在此基础上测量了改性层的纳米硬度 ,进行了球盘摩擦磨损试验。结果表明 ,钛中间层使复合改性层的厚度有效增加 ,主要由α Ti,TiN及TiO2 组成 ,且TiN及TiO2 弥散分布在α Ti基材中 ,使表面形貌有所改善 ,使表面硬度及耐磨性明显提高。     

钛基二氧化铅电极的研究进展

综述了国内外钛基二氧化铅电极的制备方法,包括电沉积法、热分解法、热浸法、溶胶凝胶法;分析了添加某些固体颗粒及离子对钛基二氧化铅电极改性的影响.结合相关学者最新的研究成果,展望了未来钛基二氧化铅电极材料的发展趋势.     

改性钛阳极对甲醇的电催化作用

采用热分解法制备了用于甲醇电氧化的改性钛阳极 ,用三电极体系测试了电极对甲醇的电催化氧化。循环伏安测试表明 ,甲醇氧化过程中中间产物的存在抑制了甲醇在阳极上的电催化氧化 ;稳态极化曲线则表明 ,阳极涂层中采用SnSb掺杂 ,改性钛阳极的催化活性得到显著提高 ;而往阳极涂层中加入少量Ru后 ,由于Ru遏制了PtO2 的分解 ,钛阳极催化活性有所下降。对电极制备方法加以改进后 ,可明显看出Ru促进了电极对甲醇的电催化活性。     

稀土Ce对钛基Ru-Ce-Ti涂层阳极电催化性能的影响

利用热分解方法在不同温度下制备了不同Ce含量的三元涂层Ru0.3Ti（0.7-x）Ce，O2，通过极化曲线和交流阻抗谱测试，研究了涂层的电催化活性，通过扫描电镜对涂层表面形貌进行了观察。结果表明在涂层中引入Ce可以提高涂层阳极的电催化活性，Ce的掺入量有一个最佳比，摩尔分数为0．2～0．3时电催化性能最好；适宜的热分解温度有利于含Ce涂层阳极性能的提高，最佳温度为450℃。     

Surface behavior of pasted nickel electrodes with electrodeposited Co-Ce on substrate

1 Introduction MH/Ni batteries have supper specific energy density, better performance of charging and discharging, and are friendly to the surroundings. So, MH/Ni batteries have been applied widely in power tools[1]. The design of MH/Ni batteries is limi…     

石墨粉表面镀镍工艺研究

采用电镀法对石墨粉表面进行了镀镍.采用正交试验的方法研究了镀镍过程中阴极电流密度、搅拌间隔时间、润湿剂加入量和吸附剂加入量对石墨粉镀镍效率的影响,并对结果进行了方差分析和信噪比分析,以选取镀镍效率高且稳定的工艺组合.用镀镍石墨粉在浓硝酸中充分腐蚀前后的质量差计算镀镍石墨粉中镍的含量,并以此表征镀镍效率.试验结果表明:吸...     

EDM performance of Cr/Cu-based composite electrodes

Electrode materials for electrical discharge machining (EDM) are usually graphite, copper and copper alloys because these materials have high melting temperature, and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. The electrodes made by using powder metallurgy technology from special powders have been used to modify EDM surfaces in recent years, to improve wear and corrosion resistance. However, electrodes are normally fabricated at high temperatures and pressures, such that fabrication is expensive. This paper proposes a new method of blending the copper powders contained resin with chromium powders to form tool electrodes. Such electrodes are made at low pressure (20 MPa) and temperature (200 °C) in a hot mounting machine. The results showed that using such electrodes facilitated the formation of a modified surface layer on the work piece after EDM, with remarkable corrosion resistant properties. The optimal mixing ratio, appropriate pressure, and proper machining parameters (such as polarity, peak current, and pulse duration) were used to investigate the effect of the material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), surface roughness, and thickness of the recast layer on the usability of these electrodes. According to the experimental results, a mixing ratio of Cu–0wt%Cr and a sinter pressure of 20 MPa obtained an excellent MRR. Moreover, this work also reveals that the composite electrodes obtained a higher MRR than Cu metal electrodes; the recast layer was thinner and fewer cracks were present on the machined surface. Furthermore, the Cr elements in the composite electrode migrated to the work piece, resulting in good corrosion resistance of the machined surface after EDM.     

硫酸镍体系化学镀工艺参数对镁合金化学镀镍层的影响

对应用以硫酸镍为主盐的镁合金化学镀镍工艺进行了研究,探讨了溶液的组成和工艺参数对镀层外观、镀速以及镀液的稳定性的影响,从而得到了最佳的工艺条件:主盐和还原剂物质的量之比介于0.3和0.45之间;采用混合型络合剂;温度90℃;pH值约为6.5。     

Effect of nickel phosphide nanoparticles crystallization on hydrogen evolution reaction catalytic performance

In order to investigate the effect of nickel phosphide nanoparticles' (Ni–P NPs) crystallization on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalytic performance, amorphous Ni–P NPs and crystalline Ni₁₂P₅ were synthesized by a simple and low-cost autocatalytic reduction method and heat treatment process. The result of electrochemical tests shows that crystalline Ni₁₂P₅ has much higher HER catalytic activity than the amorphous one. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that Ni–P bond formed during crystallization, making Ni positively charged and P negatively charged. This charged nature of Ni₁₂P₅ is similar to [NiFe] hydrogenase and its analogous, which make the removal of H₂ less energy-cost.     

Effect of a marker material on the oxidation of nickel in sulfur dioxide

A marker study of nickel oxidation in SO₂ at 600°C has proved that after the reaction metallic markers (Au, Pt, W) are covered with a sulfide rim. This effect is not observed on quartz markers. The metallic markers make the intermediate NiO layer adjacent to them increase, whereas the quartz marker makes this layer disappear.     

TiB2 coating formed on nickel substrates by electroplating in molten salt of fluoride

The TiB2 coatings deposited over nickel substrate by electroplating was investigated, which is in molten salt of a fluoride mixture involving KF, NaF, K2 TiF6 and KBF4. Effects of temperature, cathodic current density (Jc) and duration on the coating's formation were examined. The composition, morphology and structure of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the coatings, with black, smooth and uniform appearance, are composed of predominating TiB2 and small amounts of nickel titanium oxide (Ni0.75 Ti0.125 O). The coatings show a nodular morphology and the grain size is dependent on the Jc and ranges about 1 - 10 μm. There is a linear relationship between the coating's thickness and the time of electrolysis within certain duration range. The reduction of the potassium can take place simultaneously with the electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 as the Jc is in excess of certain level. The hardness of the TiB2 coatings is likely to be deteriorated due to the presence of potassium and Ni0.75Ti0.125 O in the coatings.     

Effect of SnO2 intermediate layer on performance of Ti/SnO2/MnO2 electrode during electrolytic-manganese process

SnO₂ intermediate layers were coated on the titanium (Ti) substrate by thermal decomposition. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that uniform SnO₂ intermediate layers with rutile crystal structure were successfully achieved. According to the results of linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), oxygen evolution potential (OEP) of the Ti/SnO₂/MnO₂ electrodes decreases with increasing SnO₂ content, indicating that the electro-catalytic oxidation activity of the electrode increases. Accelerated service life tests results demonstrate that SnO₂ intermediate layer can improve the service life of the Ti/SnO₂/MnO₂ electrode. As the content of SnO₂ intermediate layer increases, the cell voltage and the energy consumption decrease apparently.     

时效处理对镍/巴氏合金界面组织及性能的影响

为了考究铜基轴瓦的加速破坏过程,主要分析等温时效处理对巴氏合金基体及Sn/Cu接头、Sn/Ni接头、镍/巴氏合金静浇试样的界面组织和结合强度的影响规律.结果表明,经176℃,500 h时效处理后,巴氏合金基体中Cu₆Sn₅相的比例显著增加;镍/巴氏合金界面化合物相（可能是Ni₃Sn₄相）呈现增厚趋势,其增厚速度慢于Cu₆Sn₅相的增长.随着时效时间延长,Sn/Cu、镍/巴氏合金的结合强度均逐渐降低,500 h后分别降至22和48 MPa,前者降低的原因是界面附近Cu₆Sn₅脆性相的堆积生长,后者虽降低但仍满足技术要求.在铜基体表面增加镍中间层可有效抑制Cu₆Sn₅相的形成,保证时效处理后铜基轴瓦的工业使用性.