一种图像纹理分割的小波-像素曲线演化方法

提出了图像纹理分割的小波—曲线演化方法，该方法运用二维小波对纹理图像进行分解，由四个小波系数描述纹理特征，并组成四维小波系数特征矢量图，然后采用最大后验概率模型的曲线演化方法，对特征矢量图进行分割和分类，从而获得原图像纹理分割结果．实验结果表明，与小波—FCM聚类纹理分割方法相比，该方法对双纹理图像能取得较好的分割效果，分割出的边界连续，并且具有较强的抗噪能力．     

一种基于三进制小波变换的纹理分割方法

提出了一种基于三进制小波变换的纹理特征提取方法，多纹理图像经过三进制小波滤波器组后得到九个子带图像，采用小波系数的标准差作为纹理测度以生成特征向量，利用常规的C-均值聚类算法进行纹理分割，实验结果表明了该特征提取方法的有效性。     

基于小波变换的纹理图像分割

基于小波的纹理图像分割方法是把小波变换应用于纹理的特征提取。通过对原始纹理图像进行高阶小波分解，构成每个象素对应一个特征矢量，对所提取的特征利用均值举类算法进行分类，最终获得图像的分割结果。为了提高纹理分割图像的边缘准确性和区域性以及降低分割错误率，提出了利用特征加权来进行后分割的方法。     

用于分割双纹理图像的最佳单Gabor小波参数的反馈系统

设计了一个对分割双纹理图像的最佳单Gabor小波参数进行自适应调整的反馈系统。该系统利用Gabor小波的带通特性使某一频率的纹理通过，而另一频率的纹理受到抑制，由RBF神经网络对预处理后的图像参数进行估计，求出最优分割阈值。以分割阈值误差率为反馈量对Gabor小波参数进行自适应调整，从而得到最佳Gabor小波参数。实验证明，该系统对双纹理图像的分割达到了预期的结果。     

树型小波变换在纹理分析中的应用

分析了小波变换的特点,将传统的塔型小波变换和树型小波变换进行了比较,给出了一种用树型小波来提取纹理特征进行纹理图象分割的方法。经过实验结果表明,用树型小波变换可以在纹理分析中获得较好的效果。     

基于二进小波统计特征的纹理图像检索

二进小波变换利用模局部极大值来提取图像的多尺度边缘信息。该文研究了二进小波系数的统计特性，提出并验证了二进小波系数直方图服从于指数分布。分析了二进小波系数的一阶、二阶统计矩(共生矩阵)特性并将其应用于纹理特征提取。理论分析和实验说明，采用Manjunath方法和二阶统计矩方法的二进小波在纹理图像检索方面优于单小波。     

一种基于纹理特征的超声心动图像分割算法

以马尔可夫随机过程和梯度小波变换为基础提出了梯度小波纹理模型.由梯度小波纹理模型的参数组成描述图像纹理的特征向量,梯度小波纹理模型利用了马尔可夫随机场图像模型的优点和基于该模型的成熟方法,并且引入了多尺度、多分辨率等特性.然后采用Kohonen自组织SOM(Self-Organizing Feature Map)神经网络对纹理特征向量进行无监督学习,最后对超声心动图像进行纹理分割,取得较满意的分割效果.     

基于小波包分析的催化剂表面图象识别

二维图象可以通过小波分解来进行信号的多分辨率分析．本文讨论了小波包分析技术及其在催化剂表面ＳＥＭ图象识别上的应用．从小波包中抽取的能量和纹理熵特征，在催化剂的分类与识别研究中，充分描述了表面图象在多标度空间上的信息分布．实验结果表明，小波包分解树是一种很好的模式特征描述，为图象纹理识别提供了新的手段     

基于非乘积型小波的纹理分析

提出了一种基于非乘积型小波的纹理分析方法：首先利用非乘积型小波分解原始图象，然后对高频部分的子图分别进行像素能量计算、纹理滤波以及直方图分割，从而得到粗分类的结果图；再把所有子图合并，并进行适当的后处理；最后利用小波的多尺度特性，决定分析是否终止，从而得到纹理分析结果。本方法是一种无监督分类，精确度高且计算复杂度低。     

基于形状和纹理的图像检索

构造了Radon变换的不变量，提出一种新的基于形状和纹理的图像检索方法。对小波图像边缘提取Radon不变量作为形状特征，同时提取小波各频道能量作为纹理特征。然后将形状特征和纹理特征分别进行高斯归一化，计算图像形状和纹理的相似度。最后，利用形状和纹理相似度的加权和进行图像检索。试验结果表明该方法对噪声具有较强的鲁棒性，具有尺度、平移和旋转不变性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.