微波辐射合成水煤浆添加剂的研究

研究在微波辐射条件下，利用木质素磺酸钠和丙烯酸在硝酸铈铵引发下进行非均相接枝共聚反应，合成接枝共聚物作为水煤浆添加剂。经过正交实验得出最佳合成工艺条件：单体体积与术质素磺酸钠用量比为5：1，引发剂硝酸铈铵的用量为0．12mL，中和度为75％。在微波炉内反应3min，用所得的接枝共聚物配制的水煤浆浓度可达65％以上。     

微波辐射合成水煤浆添加剂的研究

研究在微波辐射条件下,利用木质素磺酸钠和丙烯酸在硝酸铈铵引发下进行非均相接枝共聚反应,合成接枝共聚物作为水煤浆添加剂。经过正交实验得出最佳合成工艺条件:单体体积与木质素磺酸钠用量比为5:1,引发剂硝酸铈铵的用量为0.12mL,中和度为75%。在微波炉内反应3min,用所得的接枝共聚物配制的水煤浆质量分数可达65%以上。     

木钠接枝丙烯酸添加剂在水煤浆制备中的应用

通过木质素磺酸钠与丙烯酸的接枝共聚实验和该接枝共聚物在水煤浆中的应用研究 ,对其在水煤浆中的作用机理进行的初步探讨表明 ,木质素磺酸钠接枝丙烯酸后具有分散和稳定的双重效果。     

水煤浆添加剂的选择试验小结

我公司三期改造采用美国Texaco水煤浆加压气化技术，其工艺为一定浓度的水煤浆与氧气一同通过工艺烧嘴进入气化炉，制得粗合成气，分离后用于合成氨和甲醇生产。为了确保工艺稳定运行，公司在选定了符合工艺要求的优质煤种的情况下，对水煤浆的性能提出了要求。水煤浆添加剂的性能是影响水煤浆粘度、稳定性、煤浆浓度和成本等重要参数的主要因素，因此公司通过多次试验并结合成本来选择合适的水煤浆添加剂配方及最佳水煤浆浓度和添加剂加量。以下是选择水煤浆添加剂试验过程的小结。     

复合型水煤浆添加剂的合成与性能研究

探讨了以碱木质素为主要原料合成水煤浆添加剂的原理。采用在引发剂的作用下,对木质素进行磺化缩聚改性,提高了此类添加剂的成浆性能,并通过正交设计实验法确定了复合型水煤浆添加剂DCS的最佳合成工艺条件。不同煤种的成浆实验表明,DCS除具有萘系水煤浆添加剂的良好的分散性能外,还具有良好的稳定性能,是一种性能优良的复合型水煤浆添加剂。DCS添加剂可以提高水煤浆的成浆性能,降低其制浆成本,促进水煤浆技术的推广与发展。     

WCS-AC水煤浆添加剂的应用研究

介绍了丙烯酸共聚物作为水煤桨添加剂应用于神府、大屯、新汶煤的制浆性能，经工业性试验表明：该添加剂制成的水煤浆浓度高，浆液稳定。     

水煤浆添加剂的发展动向

介绍了日本、美国开发的一系列水煤浆添加剂的特点,并从性能上给予了评价;概述了国内水煤浆添加剂的研究现状,尤其列举了国内有关木质素类添加剂的研究成果。从煤的分散机理方面阐述了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠与亚甲基磺酸盐两类添加剂的差异在于吸附方式的不同,指出了木质素作为水煤浆添加剂的优势及其在我国利用的广阔前景。最后阐述了目前水煤浆添加剂对煤的作用机理的两种理论:双电子层与空间位阻理论;空间位阻与熵斥力作用理论。     

水煤浆新型改性添加剂的实验研究

实验对比分析了新型萘系改性添加剂与三元复配添加剂(减水剂、碱木素、纯碱)所制水煤浆的性能特点;改性萘系减水剂制备水煤浆的分散性、稳定性更好一些,可制得假塑性流体煤浆,而且降低了吨浆消耗量,节约了成本,提高了经济效益。     

水煤浆添加剂的粉尘控制研究

通过实验选取适合的粉尘润湿剂及用量,并研究其对原水煤浆性能的影响。介绍了水煤浆添加剂木质素在倾倒、混合、转运、筛分、包装、卸料等生产过程中产生的粉尘污染问题。     

水煤浆添加剂NDF

水煤浆(CWM)添加剂是一类表面活性物质,是制备合格的CWM不可缺少的化学助剂。本文介绍了一种新近开发的CWM添加剂——NDF,它具有高效、使用成本低和适用范围广的优点,并在工程中得到了广泛的应用,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

多喷嘴对置水煤浆气化炉的开发与应用

介绍多喷嘴对置水煤浆气化炉的实验室研究及中试情况,并与Texaco水煤浆气化技术进行了比较,结果表明,多喷嘴对置气化技术优于Texaco技术。     

A pre-heating vaporization technology of coal-water-slurry for the gasification process

A pre-heating vaporization technology of coal water slurry, CWS, was developed to increase the efficiency of coal gasification with the reduction of oxygen consumption. A CWS pre-heating experimental unit having a capacity of 2.0 tons-coal/day was manufactured. After the CWS was heated to 573 K at about 10 MPa, water in CWS was continuously vaporized in a tube of which the diameter increased gradually (2–10 mm I.D.), and dry coal particles with steam were atomized and fed to a vessel. No aggregation of coal particles was observed in the atomized samples. The temperature and the pressure distributions of the fluid were calculated with empirical heat transfer and pressure drop correlations. The calculated results well corresponded to the experimental data measured in some test points. Using the calculation model, a large scale apparatus of 100 tons-coal/day was designed using KNO₃ + NaNO₂ + NaNO₃ molten salt as a heating medium.     

我公司德士古水煤浆加压气化装置的改进

我公司“18．30”工程是一套年产18万t合成氨,30万t尿素的生产装置,是由空气,气化,净化,合成、尿素等几个工序组成。其中气化装置采用美国德士古公司（TEXACO）水煤浆加压气化工艺,引进美国德士古公司技术软件包（PDP）,由日本宇部公司（UBE）承包并进行基础设计,东华公司（原化工部第三设计院）进行详细设计,是国内继山东兖矿鲁南化肥厂,上海焦化有限公司,渭河化肥厂之后投的第4套水煤浆加压气化装置。     

黄腐酸做鸡饲料添加剂的应用初探

用黄腐酸作鸡饲料添加剂，具有增强鸡群免疫力，增重，增效，无毒副作用等优点，是一种值得推广的优质鸡饲料添加剂。     

正交试验法优选电镀镍复合添加剂

通过正交试验确定了最佳镀镍复合添加剂配方:吡啶衍生物(NPB)15 mg/L,糖精钠(BSI)1 000 mg/L,苯亚磺酸钠(BSS)120 mg/L,2–乙基己烷磺酸钠(EHS)500 mg/L,烯丙基磺酸钠(SAS)1 500 mg/L和丙炔磺酸钠(PS)45 mg/L。研究了各组分对镀层光亮度和镀液分散能力的影响,结果表明,各组分对镀层亮度的影响大小顺序为NPB>BSS>EHS>SAS>PS>BSI;对镀液分散能力影响的大小顺序为BSS>NPB>EHS>BSI>PS>SAS。与某市售镀镍添加剂相比,该复合添加剂在镀层亮度、镀液分散能力、微观形貌和降低孔隙率等方面都有所提高。     

工业锅炉脱硫试验与性能考核

采用高效脱硫剂及脱硫工艺对工业锅炉烟气进行脱硫试验与性能考核.研究试验过程包括脱硫剂的研制,脱硫试验曲线的绘制、工业试验及考核等.     

Layered structures in ceramic nozzles for improved erosion wear resistance in industrial coal-water-slurry boilers

The nozzle is the most critical part in the coal-water-slurry (CWS) boilers. Ceramics being highly wear resistant have great potential as CWS nozzle materials. In this paper, Al₂O₃/(W,Ti)C + Al₂O₃/TiC layered ceramics (LN1, LN2, and LN3) with different thickness ratios among constituent layers were developed to be used as nozzles in CWS boilers. CWS burning tests in a boiler with these nozzles were carried out. The erosion wear behavior of the layered nozzles was investigated and compared with an unstressed reference nozzle (N5). Results showed that the layered ceramic nozzles exhibited an apparent increase in erosion wear resistance over the unstressed reference one. The mechanisms responsible were found to be that layered structure in the CWS nozzles can improve the hardness and fracture toughness of the external layer, and reduce the temperature gradients and the thermal stresses at the exit of the nozzle during CWS burning processes. It is suggested that layered structures in ceramic nozzles is an effective way to improve the erosion wear resistance over the stress-free ceramic nozzles in industrial CWS boilers.     

A bootstrap test for additive outliers in non‐stationary time series

In this paper we propose a new procedure for detecting additive outliers in a univariate time series based on a bootstrap implementation of the test of Perron and Rodríguez (2003, Journal of Time Series Analysis 24, 193‐220). This procedure is used to test the null hypothesis that a time series is uncontaminated by additive outliers against the alternative that one or more additive outliers are present. We demonstrate that the existing tests of, inter alia, Vogelsang (1999, Journal of Time Series Analysis 20, 237–52) Perron and Rodríguez (2003) and Burridge and Taylor (2006, Journal of Time Series Analysis 27, 685–701) are unable to strike a balance between size and power when the order of integration of a time series is unknown and the time series is driven by innovations drawn from an unknown distribution. We show that the proposed bootstrap testing procedure is able to control size to such an extent that its size properties are comparable with the robust test of Burridge and Taylor (2006) when the distribution of the innovations is not assumed known, whilst maintaining power in the Gaussian environment close to that of the test of Perron and Rodríguez (2003).     

催化裂化辛烷值助剂LPC-A的开发和工业试验

选用高硅铝比、小晶粒ZSM-5为活性组分和磷铝胶为基质,开发了具有提高汽油辛烷值同时控制液化气产率增幅和汽油收率损失的助剂LPC-A,并在华北石化公司1.2 Mt/a重油催化裂化装置进行了工业应用试验,取得了良好的应用效果:与空白阶段相比,助剂应用阶段的液化气产率平均增加了0.57个百分点,汽油RON升高了0.5个单位,同时丙烯产率增加了0.33个百分点,而总液体收率无减少。     

改善粒度级配提高宁东水煤浆的研究

选取宁东甲醇厂德士古水煤浆加压气化工艺用原料煤,制备了一系列水煤浆,参考该工艺过程对水煤浆的要求,考察了不同煤粒径对水煤浆粘度和稳定性的影响规律,以及对气化影响较大的200目以下粒子含量对水煤浆粘度的影响,确定了200目以下煤粒合适含量为50%,并通过多级级配实验确定了羊场湾煤制水煤浆的最佳级配为W200目以下∶W80～200目∶W60～80目∶W35～60目=5∶2∶1∶2。