聚酰胺地毯染色条纹形成的原因剖析

简单介绍了用聚酰胺膨体变形丝(BCF)制造的地毯染色后出现条纹的种类、形成原因及控制方法,认为对聚酰胺地毯及BCF纱线的生产过程加以控制,可避免条纹的出现,使地毯的品质得到提高。     

尼龙66地毯纱间隔染色色差的成因和预防措施

详细分析了尼龙66地毯纱间隔染色色差的成因,认为纱线的质量、纱线的张力均匀性控制、设备的运行状况及染色工艺控制是关键的因素,并从设备、操作、纱线张力和染色等方面提出了具体防止色差产生的措施。     

均匀染色的涤纶地毯纱技术开发

通过选择合适的阳离子易染涤纶切片,精准把握生产工艺关键点和改进设备,提高了涤纶膨体变形纱(BCF)的染色均匀性,生产出满足高档地毯要求的涤纶BCF。     

化纤用色母粒和功能母粒最新进展

纺前染色为聚酰胺、聚酯和聚丙烯熔纺纤维的染色提供了一个简便的方法。色母粒的设计能明显地影响颜色、加工性能和染色成本。由于纺前染色具有极好的色牢度,它已广泛用于车用地毯、户外地毯和商业地毯以及需要优良色牢度的应用领域。文章也介绍了功能性和多重属性产品制备方法     

专用于羊毛和羊毛/聚酰胺混纺织物的无金属染料Acolan E问世

当今为了适应日益严格的环境保护要求,各公司都在致力于绿色产品的开发研究。英国Airedale化学有限公司最近开发成功一类专用于羊毛和羊毛/聚酰胺混纺织物的无金属染料(即Acolan E染料),它们不仅色泽鲜艳,而且具有较好的全面牢度和重演性以及容易染色等优点。目前已有14种相容的染料,复盖了全部色泽范围。新染料适用于羊毛/聚酰胺纤维为80;20的混纺织物的染色,但它们不适用于地毯的染色。这类染料和该公司的毛用活性染料Reactosol都是对羊毛与羊毛/聚酰胺混纺织物染色的有利于生态环境保护的染料品种。专用于羊毛和羊毛/聚酰胺混纺织物的…     

纽马格推动客户BCF生产

地毯和地毯纱市场总是充满着挑战,新的需求不断地出现。地毯业的时尚潮流在快速地变化着,同时全球性的压力也在稳步增长。地毯业在这样的竞争环境中必须找到能够保持成功的途径。在这种情况下．工艺链前期的BCF技术对地毯纱和地毯生产是否成功起着决定性的作用。     

锦纶地毯纱固色工艺研究

本文研究了锦纶地毯纱用酸性染料染色后的固色工艺,比较了固色剂种类、用量、固色温度及时间对染色K/S值和水洗牢度等染色性能的影响.通过正交试验优化了固色工艺.研究表明:固色剂Zetesal NR的固色效果较好,最佳工艺条件是:固色剂zelesal NR用量1.4 g/L,固色温度65℃,时间30分钟.此时水洗褪色等级提高1～1.5级,达到5级;沾色等级提高1.5～2级,达到3～4级以上;固色对K/S值无显著影响,干湿摩擦牢度达5级,日晒牢度达7级以上.     

高耐磨原液着色丙纶地毯纱的研制

采用聚丙烯切片为原料,自制硅酮粉母粒,添加色母粒原液着色,在瑞士特吕茨勒纺丝机上生产高耐磨丙纶地毯纱。通过优选硅酮粉母粒添加比例,设计异形喷丝板,设定挤压机温度,优化拉伸工艺,改进变形工艺,用高耐磨丙纶地毯纱织成绒高为10 mm的加捻定形地毯,其耐磨次数可达10 000次以上。     

巴斯夫研发热塑性聚氨酯弹性体

正巴斯夫近日推出了用于熔纺弹性纤维生产的创新产品Elastollan热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)。该产品无需使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(涤纶)或聚酰胺(锦纶)纱线包覆即可直接用于裸纱编织工艺,从而可提高纺织品的生产效率。此外,与普通熔纺弹性纤维相比,采用Elastollan生产的新一代弹性纤维提高了耐热性能,最终面料可在温度更高的热定型和染色条件下进行加工。     

聚酰胺超细纤维人工麂皮加工的关键技术

从基布的合理选择、非织造布的生产、基布的制造工艺和助剂选择以及最后的染色工艺等方面,详细叙述了聚酰胺超细纤维人工麂皮加工的关键技术.     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.