碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的研究进展

综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备方法,特别强调了碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散和排列;综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料研究在力学、电学、热学、阻燃性能等方面所取得的进展,并详细讨论了碳纳米管的长径比、碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散效果及排列对碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料性能的影响;最后探讨了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料进一步发展所面临的机遇和挑战.     

碳纳米管在聚合物复合材料中的分散及应用

综述了碳纳米管在聚合物中的常用分散方法,并介绍了碳纳米管分散表征方法以及聚合物复合材料的合成工艺。加入碳纳米管可以不同程度地改善聚合物基体的性能,但对碳纳米管在聚合物中定向分散以及其结合机理研究甚少。最后介绍了聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料应用领域。随着碳纳米管的合成、化学修饰、分散工艺的不断改善,碳纳米管的应用将逐步向用量小、产生效益高的领域发展。     

聚合物/碳纳米管导电复合材料研究进展

综述了聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料的制备方法及其电学性能的研究进展。评述了聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料常用的制备方法,包括溶液共混、熔融共混、原位聚合等,特别强调碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散;介绍了采用聚乙烯、环氧树脂等为基体的碳纳米管复合材料电学性能研究的两个方面:导电渗流行为和正温度系数效应;对聚合物/碳纳米管导电复合材料研究中存在的问题如工艺改进、机理解释等进行了讨论,并展望了这一类材料的发展前景。     

聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料的研究进展

综述了目前碳纳米管在填充聚合物来制备介电、导电、吸波、导热等复合材料方面的应用。对常见的几种聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料的制备工艺以及碳纳米管在聚合物中的分散方法进行了详细地阐述。最后对聚合物/碳纳米管在研究过程中存在的问题和未来的研究方向进行了相应地分析和展望。     

高强度碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备和应用

介绍了碳纳米管的结构和碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备方法——溶液共混法、熔融法、原位聚合法和化学修饰法等。结合碳纳米管的特性,综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料在力学性能的增强、电极材料、生物医学材料等方面的应用。     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的研究与应用进展

碳纳米管是一种具有特殊结构的一维量子材料,凭借与聚合物复合后所表现出的特殊性质而广泛应用于各个领域。着重介绍碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的四种主要合成方法:液相共混复合法、固相共融复合法、原位聚合法和化学修饰法,以及碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料应用的几个主要领域。在论文的最后,对未来的碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料发展趋势作出了展望。     

碳纳米管纳米复合材料的研究现状及问题

文章介绍了碳纳米管的结构和性能,综述了碳纳米管聚合物复合材料的制备方法及其聚合物结构复合材料和聚合物功能复合材料中的应用研究情况,在此基础上,分析了碳纳米管在复合材料制备过程中的纯化、分散、损伤和界面等问题,并展望了今后碳纳米管/聚合物复合材辩的发展趋势.     

尼龙纳米复合材料的研究进展

综述了近年来在尼龙纳米复合材料的制备方法、结构和性能等研究方面所取得的进展情况。重点说明了尼龙/无机物、尼龙/碳纳米管等尼龙纳米复合材料的结构和性能;指出今后尼龙纳米复合材料的应用前景和方向。     

碳纳米管/碳纤维复合材料研究进展

介绍了碳纳米管增强碳纤维复合材料的进展情况,主要包括理论研究、碳纳米管定向排列、碳纳米管改性树脂、碳纳米管网格和碳纳米管改性碳纤维等五个方面。指出了碳纳米管/碳纤维复合材料进一步发展急需解决三方面的问题,一方面是加强碳纳米管增强机理方面的研究以指导试验研究,另一方面是针对碳纳米管的增强效应需量化,再有就是加强碳纳米管/碳纤维复合材料的三相界面结合力方面研究。     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合吸波材料的研究进展

简要介绍了吸波材料研究的重要性,综述了碳纳米管/聚合物吸波材料的研究现状,主要包括碳纳米管/环氧树脂(ER)复合材料、碳纳米管/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料以及碳纳米管/聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料的制备方法和吸波性能;并展望了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料在航天工业领域的发展方向.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。