LD阵列半环形对称抽运的固体激光器

为解决激光晶体传导冷却与输出光束能量分布对称性之间的矛盾,针对半导体激光器(LD)抽运高功率固体激光器,提出了半环形侧面对称抽运的方式.对多LD阵列同时抽运激光晶体的吸收与增益情况进行了计算,并在实验中予以验证,采用半环形对称抽运的方式,在20Hz的工作频率下,以总抽运单脉冲276 mJ的能量获得最大63.6 mJ的圆形对称脉冲激光输出,斜效率34%.实验结果表明,采用对称抽运结构能够有效地改善输出光束的空间分布,获得较为对称的激光输出.     

双端抽运双Nd:YVO4连续绿光激光器

为了提高半导体激光器抽运的全固态激光器的输出功率与光-光转换效率,设计并使用了双端抽运双Nd:YVO4绿光激光器。通过激光晶体温度场特性的研究以及依据光束的传输矩阵,分析了双激光晶体热透镜效应对于谐振腔稳定性的影响,设计了双端抽运双激光晶体折叠腔。在双端抽运双Nd:YVO4绿光激光器系统中,LBO晶体采用了Ⅰ类非临界相位匹配腔内倍频方式,当抽运光功率为26.56W时,获得了5.5 W的稳定连续绿光输出,其光-光转换效率为20.7%。结果同时表明,在谐振腔内插入双激光增益介质,不仅可以提高激光器的光-光转换效率,而且两个激光晶体热透镜效应相互作用的结果可以增强谐振腔的稳定性。     

双端抽运双Nd∶YVO4连续绿光激光器

为了提高半导体激光器抽运的全固态激光器的输出功率与光-光转换效率,设计并使用了双端抽运双Nd∶YVO4绿光激光器.通过激光晶体温度场特性的研究以及依据光束的传输矩阵,分析了双激光晶体热透镜效应对于谐振腔稳定性的影响,设计了双端抽运双激光晶体折叠腔.在双端抽运双Nd∶YVO4绿光激光器系统中,LBO晶体采用了Ⅰ类非临界相位匹配腔内倍频方式,当抽运光功率为26.56 W时,获得了5.5 W的稳定连续绿光输出,其光-光转换效率为20.7%.结果同时表明,在谐振腔内插入双激光增益介质,不仅可以提高激光器的光-光转换效率,而且两个激光晶体热透镜效应相互作用的结果可以增强谐振腔的稳定性.     

激光二极管端面抽运Tm:YAG激光器

研究了输出波长为2.018μm的激光二极管(LD)抽运Tm∶YAG激光器。通过准三能级系统的速率方程,分析了激光系统的抽运阈值和斜率效率。同时,利用ABCD矩阵分析了平凹腔和双凹腔的腔型稳定条件和模式匹配情况。实验时采用785 nm的光纤耦合半导体激光器为抽运源,当采用平凹直腔,Tm∶YAG晶体为5℃时,获得了4.04 W的连续激光输出,激光器斜率效率为35.4%,光-光转换效率为26.4%。实验比较了不同晶体温度下Tm∶YAG激光器的阈值、功率和效率。实验结果与理论分析基本吻合。此外,还研究了激光器腔型对激光输出功率和效率的影响。     

列阵半导体激光端面抽运Nd∶YVO4绿光激光器的研究

报道了采用列阵半导体激光端面抽运Nd∶YVO4晶体的KTP腔内倍频绿光激光器。采用多柱透镜法 ,对列阵半导体激光进行了有效整形 ,并利用谐振腔折叠产生的像散 ,实现了抽运光与振荡光较好的模式匹配 ;由于是直接耦合抽运 ,因此保证了半导体抽运光以π偏振光入射Nd∶YVO4(单轴 )晶体 ,实现了半导体抽运光与Nd∶YVO4吸收的偏振匹配。在抽运功率为 9 5W时 ,得到 5 2 0mW的稳定绿光输出 ,光 光转换效率为 5 5 %。     

列阵半导体激光端面抽运Nd：YVO4绿光激光器的研究

报道了采用列阵半导体激光端面抽运Nd：YVO4晶体的KTP腔内倍频绿光激光器。采用多柱透镜法，对列阵半导体激光进行了有效整形，并利用谐振腔折叠产生的像散，实现了抽运光与振荡光较好的模式匹配；由于是直接耦合抽运，因此保证了半导体抽运光以π偏振光入射Nd：YVO4(单轴)晶体，实现了半导体抽运光与Nd：YVO4吸收的偏振匹配。在抽运功率为9．5W时，得到520mW的稳定绿光输出，光-光转换效率为5．5％。     

LD端面抽运Yb3+∶YAG激光器输出功率的理论分析

从准三能级速率方程出发, 模拟分析了940 nm LD端面抽运Yb3+∶YAG输出1030 nm激光的性能。着重考虑了抽运光的吸收饱和以及Yb3+的自吸收损耗。结果表明, 由于输出波长在1030 nm附近的Yb3+∶YAG晶体存在严重的自吸收损耗, 入射功率必须足够强才能有激光输出, 因此激光器的阈值较高; 同时, 自吸收损耗与Yb3+离子浓度、晶体厚度有关, 存在最佳的晶体厚度和Yb3+离子浓度, 使激光器的输出功率最大。抽运光的吸收饱和使激光器运转时激光下能级的粒子数减小, 吸收系数下降, 激光器的输出功率较低。     

纵向抽运准三能级Yb:YAG激光器的理论模型及实验研究

在激光谐振腔中,边缘冷却的激光晶体中存在着温度梯度分布,从而使激光晶体等效为一个热透镜.热透镜效应对固体激光器的性能影响很大.由于热透镜效应,振荡光光斑半径会随抽运光功率及激光谐振腔腔型结构的变化而变化,这将影响输出光功率的大小.在考虑振荡光光斑半径随抽运光功率及谐振腔变化的情况下给出了速率方程的表达式,并采用数值方法求解.由理论分析可知,输出光功率与抽运光功率及谐振腔腔型结构有关.在相同的抽运功率下,腔型不同输出光功率不同.采用930 nm纵向抽运,发射光波长1030 nm的准三能级Yb∶YAG晶体在三种不同腔型结构下进行实验,实验结果表明腔型结构对激光输出功率影响很大.实验结果与模拟符合较好.     

列阵半导体激光侧面抽运研究

目前国内外在半导体抽运激光器中有多种侧面抽运方案,如多管四周均布,三管1200均布等方案,这些抽运方案虽成像较好,但结构复杂,成本高,抽运效率却无明显提高.本文采用双LD列阵侧面垂直径向入射抽运方案.本方案中所用准连续列阵半导体激光器长4 cm,发射线宽1 μm,垂直于结方向发散角近似400,平行于结方向发散角接近100,配合Nd∶YAG激光晶体棒选择合适几何尺寸的柱面镜,并充分利用LD列阵400的发散角,使每个LD列阵发出的抽运光以900会聚径向入射到Nd∶YAG激光晶体棒内,并沿同一径向使抽运光全反入射到晶体内.由于抽运光是沿Nd∶YAG激光晶体棒径向入射,降低了晶体棒表面反射损耗,在晶体内沿每一径向有抽运光通过,抽运光在晶体内分布比较均匀,并充满了整个晶体.同时在腔体表面镀有对808 nm抽运光高透和全反膜,增加入射抽运光透射率和回程抽运光反射率.因此整个装置结构简单,损耗小,抽运效率高.经实验测试,在高重复率电光调谐激光器中,静态激光输出转换效率25%,动态激光输出转换效率15%,输出低阶模.可以看出该列阵半导体激光侧面垂直抽运体积和模体积交叠较好,整个激光器具有结构紧凑,体积小,抽运效率高等优点.该侧面抽运方式具有良好的应用前景.(PC3)     

双端抽运的30 W光纤激光器实验研究

报道了双端抽运连续输出的掺Yb^3 双包层高功率光纤激光器。实验采用了中心波长在975nm附近的两种输出形式的半导体激光器(LD)作为抽运源，测量了不同抽运条件下的输出功率特性和光谱特性。在仅尾纤输出的半导体激光器抽运下获得了斜率效率为42％，峰值波长为1103．8nm的9．2W激光输出；在仅准直输出的半导体激光器抽运下获得了斜率效率为57％，峰值波长为1104．4nm的20．0W激光输出；当两个半导体激光器在双端同时抽运时，获得光纤激光最大输出功率为30．6W，输出峰值波长为1108．4nm，以及49％的总体光一光转换效率。     

放大自发辐射对全固态激光器调Q性能的影响

为定量分析放大自发辐射(ASE)对调Q激光器性能的影响,在调Q激光速率方程中引入放大自发辐射项,并在合理的近似下求解,给出了激光二极管(LD)端面抽运电光调Q运转的固体激光器反转粒子数的建立过程,分析了放大自发辐射对激光上能级储能效率的影响及考虑放大自发辐射时调Q激光器输出脉冲宽度和脉冲能量随抽运功率的变化关系。结果表明,由于放大自发辐射的存在,上能级储能效率降低,且在一定的抽运功率下,调Q输出脉冲宽度变宽,脉冲能量下降。用LGS(La3Ga5SiO14)晶体作电光调Q元件,在激光二极管抽运的Nd∶YVO4激光器上进行了实验,实验结果与理论分析结果基本吻合。     

高功率钕玻璃激光系统Cr4+:YAG被动隔离技术研究

在高功率钕玻璃激光系统中,插入用Cr4+YAG晶体作为被动隔离器,抑制高功率钕玻璃激光系统中的放大自发辐射(ASE)能量的产生.通过实验对隔离前后的系统ASE能量的测量,得到了较为理想的结果.     

Analysis of Ultra-Broadband Amplified Spontaneous Emissions Generated by ${rm Cr}^{4+}{:}{rm YAG}$ Single and Glass-Clad Crystal Fibers

Numerical analysis and experimental verification of the ultra-broadband amplified spontaneous emissions (ASEs) generated by Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal fibers are presented. Milliwatt ASE was obtained from a double-clad 25-mum-core fiber. Results of the experimental ASE power measurements and the composition analysis using electron probe micro-analyzer were used to determine the absorption, emission, and excited-state absorption cross sections of pump and signal of the crystal fibers. The numerical analysis showed that the ASE output power is improved by reducing the fiber core diameter down to several micrometers despite of the increased consumption in excited-state absorption of pump. A comparison of the cross sections between those in literature and this work indicates that the crystal fiber has good crystal and optical qualities using the laser heated pedestal growth method. The large pump absorption of the Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal fiber limits its useful length. With such short fiber length, the ASE lights can not acquire enough gain. The ASE efficiency can be further improved by using bi-direction and cladding pump structure to increase the crystal fiber length and incorporating a high ASE reflector at the input end of the crystal fiber. The Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal fiber has a potential for applying to ultra-broadband ASE light source in wavelength division multiplexing network.     

二极管角部抽运Nd:YAG基模激光器

为了分析角部抽运方式在中小功率激光器设计中的可行性,基于光线追迹法,计算了不同的激光介质几何结构参量和不同的二极管温度条件下角部抽运复合板条激光器的抽运效率和抽运均匀性。从模拟计算结果可知,只要选择合理的激光介质结构参量,角抽运方式能得到高的抽运效率和较好的抽运均匀性。设计了一种角部抽运Nd:YAG复合板条激光器,在45W的抽运功率下获得了12W的激光输出,光光转换效率约为26.7%,在40W抽运时光束质量Mx2=1.47,My2=1.36。理论分析和实验设计表明,角抽运方式在小功率激光器设计中是可行的。     

Diagnostics of nonradiative defects in the bulk and surface ofBrewster-cut Ti:sapphire laser materials using photothermal radiometry

The understanding of the problem of nonradiative energy conversion in solid-state laser materials is a key factor in improving the overall efficiency of solid-state lasers. Furthermore, the reduction of the heat generated in an optically pumped laser crystal can lead to several new applications of solid-state lasers, especially in the high-power region. To improve the quality of grown crystals, laser crystal growers require accurate techniques to perform the quality control that is so vital to improving the growth process. Using a time-domain approach and a time-domain theoretical treatment of the IR radiative emission signal, it was determined that one may probe nonradiative surface and bulk processes by monitoring different time ranges. Our results show that photothermal radiometry can be used as a single-ended technique to evaluate both the bulk and surface nonradiative energy conversion rates in a solid-state laser material. This technique was compared to the standard laser cavity technique and it was concluded that photothermal radiometry can provide additional information to the standard technique by identifying the sources of heat generation as either surface- or bulk-originating     

Thermal annealing effect on organic semiconducting polymer laser with an external holographic grating feedback layer

Thermal annealing effect on an organic distributed feedback (DFB) laser excited from a semiconducting polymer gain layer, poly(2-methoxy-5-(2’-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenyl-envinylene) (MEH-PPV), is reported. The morphology, absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectral characteristics of the MEH-PPV film annealed at different temperatures were analyzed. The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), the optical gain and loss coefficients were also investigated. The organic lasing behaviors including threshold, energy conversion efficiency and polarization state in a DFB laser device were studied. The results show that the optical properties of the organic semiconducting laser can be enhanced by thermal annealing effect. The single mode laser emission at 622.4 nm with lower lasing threshold 0.2 μJ/pulse and higher energy conversion efficiency 6.71% was achieved with thermal annealing at 120 °C. The thermal annealing treatment decreases laser threshold and increases laser energy conversion efficiency dramatically, which shows the potential in ultra-low cost organic semiconducting polymer DFB lasers.     

Resonant phenomena in laser excitation of surface waves on solids

Excitation of surface waves by a moving laser beam has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. Using periodic surface structures as an example, it is demonstrated that the type of excited wave and the rate of its growth depend resonantly on the beam velocity. Experimental data show that resonant excitation of different periodic surface structures can change the spatial distribution of the absorbed laser energy     

Cr,Tm, Ho:YAG激光器输出的实验研究

为了研究Cr,Tm,Ho:YAG激光器输出脉冲能量和晶体温度的关系,利用有限元的方法计算了不同制冷温度和抽运功率情况下晶体内温度的分布,从而分析温度分布对激光实验输出的影响。控制制冷液温度在15℃、重频5Hz时,获得最大能量为217mJ的脉冲输出,斜效率约为1.4%;而重频10Hz时,最大单脉冲输出仅为56mJ,斜效率约为0.9%。结果表明,制冷温度和频率的增加都将大大增加激光的抽运阈值,同时降低输出效率。     

高功率光纤放大器中光纤端面处理分析

光纤端而进行斜而抛光一直是高功率光纤放大器中抑制ASE和自激振荡的关键技术.根据放大器结构建立了光纤端面信号光注入、信号激光输出以及泵浦光耦合的物理模型,数值模拟了不同光纤斜端面角度下信号光、泵浦光的耦合效率,纤芯端而的回波损耗.结果表明信号光注入端而斜面处理会导致耦合效率降低,输出端面斜角处理可有效减小端面反射率,而微小斜角对泵浦激光进入光纤内包层的耦合效率影响不大;根据不同的光纤参数选择合理的斜角处理可以有效提高放大器性能.     

1.444μm Nd:YAG脉冲激光器的理论研究

为了研究Nd:YAG激光器1.444μm激光的脉冲输出,依据速率方程理论,建立了1.444μm Nd:YAG脉冲激光器的理论模型,分析了Nd:YAG晶体中其它受激发射截面较高的谱线不产生激光振荡的条件,并在脉冲抽运情况下模拟了1.444μm和1.064μm双波长激光输出。模拟结果表明,1.064μm激光一定范围内的微弱振荡对1.444μm激光输出没有显著影响。建立一维数值模型计算了放大自发辐射(ASE)对激光输出的影响,在晶体表面反射率为0的理想状况下,ASE对激光输出的影响小于2%,可以忽略。