退火及快淬对La_(0.60)Pr_(0.15)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.2)Co_(0.20)Si_(0.10)储氢性能影响研究

采用熔炼法制备La_(0.60)Pr_(0.15)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.2)Co_(0.20)Si_(0.10)铸态储氢合金,将铸态合金分别在950oC条件下退火处理3 h,以及以1 m/s的速度进行快淬处理。系统研究三种合金的结构及储氢性能。XRD结果表明,退火及快淬处理后合金的相结构未发生明显变化,主相均为La Ni5相。电化学性能测试证明,与铸态合金相比,退火及快淬态合金的最大放电容量及循环稳定性均得到提升。动力学测试结果说明退火及快淬处理的合金高倍率性能降低,表面电荷转移电阻增大,交换电流密度升高,其中退火合金的极限电流密度具有最大值。     

热处理对气雾化储氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

通过金相显微镜、Ｘ射线衍射分析了气体雾化方法制取的储氢合金粉主分别经５００、６００、８００℃真空热处理后合金的微观结构,研究了热处理对气体雾化储氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。热处理可以消除应力,使纳米晶长大成微晶,并有效地提高气雾化储氢合金的放电容量和活化性能。     

快淬对合金Mm(NiCoMnAl)5.1B0.1组织及电化学性能的影响

对铸态和快淬态贮氢合金Mm(NiCoMnAl)5.1B0.1的微观组织和电化学性能进行了研究。发现快淬态合金基本上消除了第二相，快淬合金组织中存在一定比例的非晶相，并且随着淬速增加非晶相的量增多；与铸态合金相比，快淬态合金的放电容量有所降低，但循环寿命显著提高，这主要是由于快淬导致晶粒细化和形成一定数量的非晶态组织。     

铸态及快淬态Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni储氢合金的微结构与电化学性能

首先采用二步熔炼法制备了铸态Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni复合储氢合金,然后在不同快淬速度下对铸态Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni复合合金进行快淬处理,获得一系列不同快淬速度的快淬态Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni复合储氢合金。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜及能谱分析(SEM/EDS)和电化学测试方法研究了所有合金的微结构和电化学性能。微结构分析表明,铸态Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni复合合金由LaNi_5和少量的Mg_2Ni相组成。而铸态复合合金经快淬处理后,合金中少量的Mg_2Ni相消失,同时有LaNi_3和极少量的La2Ni3新相形成。快淬态合金中的Mg元素主要以固溶形式优先存在于富稀土LaNi_3相中,形成(La,Mg)Ni_3相。电化学分析表明,恰当的快淬处理能使Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni复合合金的活化性能、最大放电容量、放电特性和循环稳定性得到改善。但快淬速度太大,上述性能均有变坏趋势。当快淬速度为15 m·s-1时,Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5-Mg_2Ni复合合金具有最大的放电容量,此时合金的最大放电容量为303.5 m Ah·g~(-1),比铸态合金的最大放电容量增大了3.3%;快淬速度为20 m·s~(-1)时,复合合金的循环稳定性最佳,80次循环后的容量保持率为98.3%,比铸态合金的容量保持率增大了11.9%。     

快淬对La0.67Mg0.33(NiCo)3贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

测试了AB3型贮氢合金La0.67Mg0.33(NiCo)3铸态与快淬态的电化学性能,用XRD和SEM测试了合金的微观结构,研究了快淬对AB3型贮氢合金电化学性能的影响.结果表明,快淬使合金的放电容量降低,对合金的活化性能没有明显影响;快淬降低了合金的容量衰减率,提高了合金的循环寿命,其主要原因是快淬使合金的晶粒显著细化.铸态和快淬态合金均具有多相结构,包括斜六面体的(La,Mg)Ni3相,六方的LaNi5相及少量的LaNi2相.快淬使合金中的LaNi2相含量增加,这是快淬使合金放电容量下降的一个主要原因.     

快淬-退火La_4MgNi_(19)合金的电化学储氢性能及其失效行为

利用快淬法制备了La_4MgNi_(19)储氢合金,并对快淬合金进行了退火处理,对比研究了快淬及其退火合金组织结构、储氢性能的差异,并对其失效行为进行了分析。结果表明,快淬La_4MgNi_(19)合金由(La,Mg)_2Ni_7,(La,Mg)_5Ni_(19)和LaNi_5多相组成,退火使晶粒尺寸变大并促进了(La,Mg)_5Ni_(19)相含量的增加。退火处理提高了快淬合金的最大放电容量和高倍率放电性能,但降低了合金的电化学循环稳定性。浸泡试验表明退火能够提高合金的本征耐腐蚀性。然而气态吸放氢循环实验后的粒度分析发现退火加剧了合金的粉化。快淬合金具有优异的抗粉化能力,在30次气态循环实验中合金粒度几乎不变,这是快淬合金电化学循环稳定性更好的主要原因。透射电镜(TEM)分析表明退火合金粉化加剧的原因在于退火过程中形成了大量的显微台阶,显微台阶之间的结合较弱,容易开裂;此外,退火过程中合金发生了部分氧化,在晶界处引入了氧化物质点,弱化了晶界的结合力。     

气体雾化工艺参数对Mm(NiCoMnAl)5储氢合金电化学性能的影响

分别对雾化过热度、凝固速率、凝固后冷却速率、雾化气氛等工艺参数对Mm(NiCoMnAl)5储氢合金电化学性能的影响进行了研究。发现采用低的雾化过热度、高的凝固后冷却速率工艺,在纯度较高的惰性气氛中制备的30～75μm储氢合金粉末,具有良好的电化学性能。     

气体雾化工艺参数对Mm(NiCoMnAl)_5储氢合金电化学性能的影响

分别对雾化过热度、凝固速率、凝固后冷却速率、雾化气氛等工艺参数对Mm(NiCoMnAl) 5储氢合金电化学性能的影响进行了研究。发现采用低的雾化过热度、高的凝固后冷却速率工艺 ,在纯度较高的惰性气氛中制备的 30～ 75 μm储氢合金粉末 ,具有良好的电化学性能。     

气体雾化LaNi5型储氢合金粉末特性的研究

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、俄歇能谱探针、Ｘ射线衍射对气体雾化法制备的储氢合金粉末的物理特性、表面化学状态、显微组织结构进行了初步探讨，并将其与熔铸破碎法所制备的合金粉末相比较。结果表明：气体雾化法制备的储氢合金粉末氧含量低，呈球形无表面缺陷；物相组成为单一ＬａＮｉ５相；显微结构呈细小胞状晶和枝状晶组织。     

退火热处理对快淬态La_(15-x)Sm_xFe_2Ni_(76)Mn_5B_2储氢合金组织结构及电化学性能的影响

采用中频感应熔炼-快淬方法制备La15-xSmxFe2Ni76Mn5B2(x=0,2,4,6)型储氢合金。结构分析表明:快淬态La15-xSmxFe2Ni76Mn5B2(x=0,2,4,6)合金为多相结构,主相为La Ni5相,另外还有La3Ni13B2相和(Fe,Ni)相。快淬合金经1173 K保温3小时,而后随炉冷却到室温,随着Sm替代La的量不同,合金的组成相有着不同的变化。电化学测试表明,退火热处理明显提高了合金电极的最大放电容量,改善了合金电极的自放电性能。退火合金电极的高倍率放电能力均低于快淬合金,表明储氢合金电极的电化学动力学性能有所下降。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

正~~     

Zinc Production by Province in 2014

正~~     

80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.