磁编码器与检测仪的原理和应用

主要介绍了小型磁编码器的原理和正确安装,安装后如何用检测仪正确的检测以及检测磁编码器的哪些信号,如何根据信号调整编码器位置,最后阐述了主轴编码器正确安装的意义.     

转轴编码器构成的智能仪器混合矩阵面板的实现

介绍转轴编码器的原理，从而提出面板中按键和转轴编码器的混合矩阵连接方案。它具有电路简单、I/O资源占用少、软件实现容易的特点。通过定时中断扫描、基于向量的数据处理、基于FIFO的数据存取、基于时间记录的转轴编码器识别、软件去抖以及PS/2协议的软件实现等技术手段，实现该例的PS/2接口面板，其具有低成本、性能可靠稳定、响应及时、字符可加速输出等优点，并在高端智能仪器中得到很好的应用。     

光学式编码器

光学式编码器今非首创，早有这样那样光学编码器问世．其代表性的结构如图1所示．图1中，1表示底座，在底座1上设置转轴3，借助轴承2可自如转动，旋转圆盘4装在转轴3的端部，形成一体。     

键盘及转轴编码器与Intel8279的接口设计

深入浅出地介绍了转轴编码器的工作原理,从硬件连接和软件设计两个方面分别介绍了编码器的接口电路、8279芯片编方式的选择考虑及编码器顺、逆方面旋转时的识别和取值程序。     

自动化厂商产品精选推荐

产品简介：拥有微型尺寸和超轻质量的外径20mm增量型旋转编码器E20S／E20HB，能最大限度地节省安装空间。E20S／E20HB系列以其超小的转轴转动惯量实现高精度检测，是狭窄空间和小型设备的理想方案。其主要特点是：微型尺寸（外径20ram，重约35克）能完美应用于狭窄空间；     

旋转编码器在干熄焦设备上的应用

编码器是信号检测及反馈的关键部件,已广泛使用于干熄焦工艺设备上.编码器的工作状态将直接影响控制精度和闭环控制功能的实现.因此,编码器的选型、安装、使用维护是控制系统的主要环节.     

基于Arduino的磁编码器轴角解算系统设计

磁编码器轴角解算技术是伺服系统中反馈电机运动状态的关键技术之一.磁编码器轴角解算的精度是决定伺服系统精度的关键因素之一.为提高轴角解算的精度,基于霍尔式磁编码器工作原理,设计了基于Arduino的磁编码器轴角解算系统.该系统以Arduino作为主控制器,由正交安装在磁铁下方的2个霍尔元件构成磁编码器.磁编码器感应磁场变...     

转轴多维动态参数端面视觉测量方法

针对转子多维动态信号测量需要在多个位置采用不同种类的传感器进行分布测量以及难以通过单一传感器实现转子多动态参数同步测量等问题，提出一种基于面阵相机的转轴多维动态参数的视觉同步测量方法。首先，系统地描述了基于转轴端面标靶图案的三维振动位移和转速视觉测量原理，建立了转轴真实动态参数和标靶图案动态参数之间的内在联系。其次，推导了转轴振动三维位移和转速测量公式，联合转轴三维运动仿真模型验证了转轴动态参数的测量原理和算法正确性，通过仿真模型分析了影响系统测量精度的因素。最后，通过搭建转子测试平台，将视觉系统测得的转轴三维振动位移和转速分别与电涡流位移传感器和编码器的测量结果进行对比，验证了转轴多维动态参数端面视觉测量方法的有效性和可靠性。     

基于精密伺服的光电编码器的校准系统设计

介绍了一种采用对比检测法的光电编码器误差检测系统,下位机以PLC的CPU模块为控制核心,伺服电机带动内置编码器转动一定的基准脉冲数,高速计数模块读取被检编码器的实际输出脉冲数,经计算获取被检编码器的分辨率误差.同时将被测信息传送到上位PC机测试记录系统,自动保存、生成测试报告.该系统结构简单,安装要求低,检测精度高.     

光电编码器在数控设备中应用与维修

通过光电转换,光电编码器将工作轴上机械位移量转换成脉冲或数字,用于位移、速度及加速度等物理量检测,应用在数控设备伺服驱动、速度检测、返回参考点及刀位检测等方面.根据光电编码器轴伸端轴向和径向不能受力特点,提出其安装方法.由于光电编码器集光、机、电于一体,属于精密测量器件,列举光电编码器防污、防振及防松动等措施.结合光电编码器引起数控机床报警、主轴控制、换刀等典型故障现象,分析维修过程及处理方法,为相关技术人员提供参考.     

轮轨激励下含局部缺陷的高速列车轴箱轴承动力学仿真分析

轴箱轴承是高速列车走行部中的关键旋转部件,在复杂轮轨激励的作用下容易出现由疲劳、过载等原因导致的失效,影响列车的行车安全.采用UM/Simulink联合仿真的方式,建立了含局部缺陷的轴箱轴承-柔性轴箱-车辆系统耦合动力学模型,研究了不同工况下轴承外圈、内圈和滚子存在单一局部缺陷时系统的动力学响应,分析了轨道不平顺、车轮失圆等轮轨激励对轴箱轴承故障响应的影响.此外,通过对轴箱箱体及轴箱转臂的振动响应进行对比分析,确定了轴箱上提取故障冲击响应的最佳测点位置.相关结果对于指导高速列车轴箱轴承的状态监测和故障诊断具有一定的工程应用价值.     

微细线材缠绕机的可视化控制

设计了一种新的微细线材缠绕机可视化控制系统,该设备用旋转编码器检测主轴的旋转速度,PLC检测传感器信号控制步进电机的进给,以编码器发出一定数目的脉冲数为一个计时单位,步进电机的跟随频率适时发生变化,驱动过线架以一定的速比要求做往复运动。很好地解决了设备中存在的噪声问题。触摸屏实现人机对话,各个控制参数一目了然。     

收割机驱动轮轴横向力自动测量方法研究

为了获得收割机驱动轮轴作用力规律,对驱动轮轴横向力进行自动测量.将沃得双滚筒横轴流型巨龙收割机作为研究对象,通过发动机为收割机提供动力,经传动轴输入,利用驱动轮轴对各模块进行驱动.收割机驱动轮轴横向力测量通过测试装置完成,装置主要包括轴承安装座、推力轴承、螺母以及传感器.通过推力轴承把轴向力传输至芯轴,轴向力属于拉压型...     

A self-calibration method for error of photoelectric encoder based on gyro in rotational inertial navigation system

As a precision goniometer, photoelectric encoder plays an important role in rotational inertial navigation system (RINS). The encoder is used to measure the rotate angle of rotating mechanism for attitude calculation and feedback of motor control. However, the experiment shows that there are position-related errors in the encoder output, so calibration is necessary in high precision applications. This paper presents a calibration method designed by the characteristics of encoder errors and the structure of a tri-axis RINS. In RINS, the gyro sensitive axis can be coincided with the motor axis by gimbals rotation, and then the gyro and the photoelectric encoder measure the same angle, so the error can be calculated as the difference between the encoder output and the integral of gyro output. The error will be analyzed through Fourier method, then the error will be fitted by least squares method and a harmonic model will be established. The verification experiments demonstrate that the angle measurement error is reduced from ± 40″ to ± 2″, and the attitude output error drops 75″. The calibration method is proved to be experimentally effective.

     

基于高速DSP的视频编码器的设计与实现

视频编码器是数字化网络视频监控系统中的核心，其实现方法多种多样，介绍了用TI公司的TMS320C600系列高速DSP实现的既灵活又抗恶劣环境的嵌入式视频编码器，指出了在设计过程中遇到的关键问题及解决方法。     

摆式加速度计零偏测量中安装误差的分析

在利用精密分度头测量摆式加速度计的零偏过程中,安装误差是一项主要误差。计算结果表明:若分度头盘面与重力方向之间存在夹角,且摆式加速度计的摆轴与分度头转轴之间存在夹角ψ,则由这2个安装角度误差所引起的零偏测量误差为ψg(其中,g为重力加速度)。这一结果对零偏测量实验中的安装操作具有重要的指导意义。     

Wavelet domain analysis for identification of vehicle axles from bridge measurements

Bridge weigh-in-motion (B-WIM) is a process by which the axle and gross vehicle weights of vehicles travelling at highway speeds can be determined from instrumented bridges. The traditional method of attaching strain transducers to the soffit of the bridge and placing axle detectors on the road surface has been replaced here by using additional transducers underneath the bridge for axle detection and nothing-on-the-road (NOR). This paper presents a wavelet based analysis of strain signals and shows the efficacy of using wavelets in pattern recognition of these signals. The transformed signals are used to identify axle passage and hence the vehicle velocity and the axle spacing. In addition to numerically generated strains, signals acquired from such a NOR instrumentation of a bridge in Slovenia have been analysed by the method of wavelet transformation to extract axle position information that was not readily detectable using existing methods.     

列车车轴空间直线度检测

为了准确、快速地测量列车车轴的空间直线度，构建了列车车轴空间直线度测量系统，对所述测量系统采用的空间圆拟合、空间直线拟合、直线度测量等算法进行研究。首先，根据被测对象的特征介绍了基于空间平面与空间球相切空间圆拟合算法；然后，利用随机采样一致性（RANSAC）算法迭代出符合模型的最佳点集，在列车车轴截面空间圆拟合获取的数据基础上对列车车轴截面空间圆圆心所处数据进行分析，并利用狼群算法拟合空间直线，即通过空间截面所处位置的列车车轴截面空间圆的圆心坐标拟合列车车轴空间直线；最后，利用狼群算法对列车车轴空间直线度进行测量，并把测量数据与激光跟踪仪数据进行对比。实验结果表明：基于狼群算法的列车车轴空间直线度测量精度为0.01 mm，能够满足列车车轴空间直线度测量的高精度、高稳定性及测量重复性等要求。     

Visual analytics towards axle health of high-speed train based on large-scale scatter image

Axle is an important part of high-speed train. The axle is the key component connecting the train wheelset, which has a great impact on the train safety. The health monitoring of axles is very important for the safe and smooth operation of trains. The axle health detection is a complex process of multi-factor coupling, which faces the problems of health model construction. From the perspective of big data visual analysis, this paper helps people find the information behind the big data of high-speed railway axle monitoring, and makes a prediction and analysis of the health status of high-speed railway axle operation. Starting from the present situation of scatter plot presentation of multi-dimensional data visual analysis, this paper proposes a visual analysis and processing method for high-speed train axle health monitoring, aiming at the problems of intensive rendering, visual mutation and trend prediction when drawing large data scatter plot. Firstly, a new method of the axle data fusion model is proposed in this paper, which can effectively clean the axle health monitoring data and construct the data acquisition and expression mode of axle temperature of high-speed train. Then, visualization of axle data and prediction of axle health trend provide a new analysis model for axle health monitoring. In addition, the visual analysis method of scatter density map data can eliminate the dependence of the original complex mechanical model, and can be used to analyze different working conditions and axle types. Compared with the existing axle health monitoring methods, this method has high accuracy and practicability.