铜粉对PTFE复合材料力学及摩擦学性能的影响

通过向聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)中添加不同含量的铜粉,研究其力学性能和摩擦磨损性能;研究不同形状和粒径青铜粉,以及铜粉中其他成分对PTFE材料性能的影响。结果表明:铜粉质量分数为40%时,PTFE复合材料具有良好的力学性能,其耐摩擦磨损性能适中。在相同含量的青铜粉/PTFE复合材料中,铜粉粒径越大,其耐磨损能力越差,磨痕宽度越大,铜粉粒径越小,其复合材料的耐磨损性能越好,磨痕宽度越小。不规则青铜粉填充的PTFE复合材料具有较好的力学性能,但是球形铜粉填充的PTFE复合材料具有较好的耐磨损性能。青铜粉中的锡、铅、锌具有良好的减磨效果。     

PTFE复合材料高温摩擦磨损性能研究

研究了高温条件下不同填料填充的PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,并与常温下的摩擦磨损性能进行了比较.结果表明青铜粉、纤维填充的复合材料在高温下表现出与常温相反的摩擦磨损规律;碳类填充复合材料在不同温度下则表现出较为稳定的规律;特种塑料改性的PTFE复合材料,具有极好的综合性能.     

有机填料填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦学及力学性能

采用共混-冷压-烧结-整形的工艺制备有机物填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,考察相同含量的不同有机填料对PTFE复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响。结果发现,加入有机填料后,复合材料的拉伸强度降低,但硬度和压缩强度均提高;有机填料有效地改善了PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能,其中,质量分数15%聚苯酯填充的PTFE复合材料减摩效果最好,质量分数15%聚酰亚胺填充的PTFE复合材料的耐磨损性能最优。相比之下,质量分数15%芳纶填充的PTFE复合材料摩擦磨损性能及力学性能最好,其耐磨损性能较纯PTFE提高了近400倍,而摩擦因数仅为纯PTFE的84%。其原因在于芳纶的加入有效地改变了摩擦机制,能形成均匀连续的转移膜,进而降低了磨损。     

铅和氧化铅填充聚四氟乙烯自润滑复合材料减磨性能研究

通过向聚四氟乙烯分别加入铅和氧化铅制取了两种复合自润滑材料。通过实验研究 ,探讨了这两种填充材料对填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦学性能的影响 ,并通过微观形貌的研究 ,从减磨机理方面进行了对比分析 ,得出了若干有益的结论。     

PTFE基改性复合材料的摩擦磨损性能及其在铁路机械中的应用

概述了聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）基自润滑改性复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究新进展。讨论了纤维增强、无机填充、有机共混和离子注入表面改性复合材料的摩擦学性能以及PTFE基改性复合材料在铁路机械中的应用。     

聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦学二次转移行为研究

采用冷压成型、自由烧结工艺分别制备了青铜粉、聚酰亚胺、二硫化钼和石墨填充改性的聚四氟乙烯复合材料,在改装的M-2000型摩擦磨损试验机上考察了材料的二次转移摩擦学性能;用扫描电子显微镜对磨损表面进行观察和分析。结果表明:增加载荷有利于提高转移膜与基底的结合强度;填料种类对PTFE复合材料二次转移膜的摩擦学性能有影响,在本实验条件下(干摩擦、室温、滑动速度为0.42m/s、接触载荷为30N),以PTFE复合材料作为润滑剂提供源使用时,PTFE/MoS2、PTFE/Graphite复合材料形成的二次转移膜最好,PTFE/Bronze复合材料二次转移膜次之,PTFE/PI复合材料形成二次转移膜的能力最差。     

纳米粒子和聚四氟乙烯填充UHMWPE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

以纳米氧化锌(ZnO)和纳米蒙脱土(MMT)及聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)作为复合填料,通过热压成型工艺制备了纳米ZnO-MMT及PTFE填充超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)复合材料,采用销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了纳米粒子对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料磨损表面形貌。结果表明当PTFE和MMT的填充量均保持为质量分数6%,填充纳米ZnO质量分数为4%~6%时的复合材料可获得较好的摩擦磨损性能,与不含纳米ZnO的复合材料相比,其摩擦因数最低下降了11.1%,而磨损率下降了83.3%。当复合填料中纳米ZnO含量较低时,复合材料的磨损机制主要表现为不同程度的粘着磨损,但当复合填料中纳米ZnO含量较高时,复合材料的磨损机制主要表现不同程度的粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,同时其复合材料的摩擦磨损性能出现了恶化现象。     

聚苯酯填充聚四氟乙烯基超声电机转子摩擦材料性能研究

制备聚苯酯填充聚四氟乙烯基超声电机转子摩擦材料,探讨聚苯酯含量对聚四氟乙烯基摩擦材料力学和摩擦学性能以及对应超声电机性能的影响。结果表明:聚苯酯能够提高PTFE复合材料的硬度和弹性模量;随着聚苯酯含量的增加,复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损量均先减小后增大,在本文研究范围内,当聚苯脂质量分数为5%时,复合材料的摩擦因数最小,磨损量最低,且使用该复合材料时超声电机的堵转力矩和空载转速均较高,综合性能较优。     

聚苯酯填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的力学及摩擦学性能研究

采用共混-冷压-烧结工艺制备了聚苯酯(POB)填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,考察了POB含量对PTFE/POB复合材料机械性能和摩擦学性能的影响,探讨了材料的磨损机制和POB的减磨机制.结果表明复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随着POB含量的增加而降低,压缩强度随着POB含量的增加而增大;随着POB含量的增加材料摩擦因数呈现增大趋势,POB质量分数在16%～27%范围内材料摩擦因数为0.20～0.24;在与AISI 1045钢的对磨中复合材料发生了黏着磨损,磨损率随着POB质量分数的增加呈现下降趋势,POB质量分数超过25%后继续增加其含量复合材料磨损率降低幅度逐渐变小.     

冷却工艺对填充聚四氟乙烯结晶度和性能的影响

分别以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和化学改性聚四氟乙烯(m-PTFE)为基体,以青铜粉为填充剂,通过冷压烧结法制备质量分数40%青铜粉填充的PTFE材料,并考察缓慢冷却、中速冷却和骤冷3种不同冷却工艺对填充PTFE的结晶度、机械和摩擦学性能及密封性能的影响。结果发现:冷却速率对PTFE复合材料的结晶度和性能影响较大;骤冷可以降低PTFE复合材料的结晶度和硬度,提高拉伸强度;与普通的PTFE相比,冷却速率对化学改性的PTFE复合材料的影响更大;采用骤冷的烧结工艺和化学改性的PTFE可以得到硬度较低的PTFE复合材料,从而大大降低泄漏量,提高密封效果。     

聚合物填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

采用机械共混-冷压成型-烧结的工艺制备了PEEK、PPS填充PTFE基粘弹．摩擦型阻尼材料，用环-块式磨损试验机研究了在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能；用扫描电子显微镜观察磨损表面形貌和内部组织结构。结果表明：混合填充PEEK和PPS时，2种填充物的比例对材料的摩擦因数影响不大，当二者含量相近时，摩擦因数最大；填充物对磨损性能的影响与对摩擦因数的相同；随着PEEK含量的增加和PPS含量的减少，材料的磨损方式由疲劳剥落磨损为主转变为犁削、粘着磨损；PTFE含量的增加，使得复合材料的摩擦因数减小，而磨损有所增大。综合考虑认为，PTFE与适当比例的PEEK／PPS混合填充，具有合适的摩擦因数和较好的耐磨性，能够满足特殊工况下阻尼材料的需要。     

聚苯酯填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦学行为研究

采用聚苯酯（Ekonol）、Ekonol／PAB纤维增强聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）制备利用转移膜润滑的摩擦副材料，并研究了两组材料在于摩擦条件下与9Cr18轴承钢对摩时的摩擦学性能；运用扫描电镜分析了两组材料磨损表面形貌和磨损机理。结果表明：随着Ekonol含量的增大，Ekonol填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦因数逐渐增大，当Ekonol质量分数超过25％时摩擦因数略有下降，磨损方式由以犁削磨损为主转变为以疲劳磨损为主；而Ekonol／PAB纤维填充门FE复合材料的摩擦因数，随Ekonol含量的增大而增大，磨损方式由以粘着磨损为主转变为以疲劳磨损为主。Ekonol／PAB纤维填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能优于Ekonol填充PTFE复合材料。     

石墨填充聚四氟乙烯基复合材料的摩擦学性能

为了研制PTFE基粘弹-摩擦型阻尼材料,采用机械共混-冷压成型-烧结的工艺制备了石墨、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮混合填充PTFE基复合材料,利用环-块式磨损试验机,在干摩擦条件下考察了复合材料的摩擦学性能,并用扫描电镜观察了磨损表面形貌,研究了复合材料的磨损机制。结果表明:PTFE含量不同的复合材料,随石墨填充量的增大,摩擦因数和磨损率的变化趋势不同,磨损主要由犁削、粘着和疲劳剥落中的一种或几种引起;适当配比的PTFE基复合材料具有较好的摩擦阻尼性能,能够满足粘弹-摩擦阻尼材料的要求。     

Effects of filler crystal structure and shape on the tribological properties of PTFE composites

In this paper, effects of filler crystal structure and shape on the friction and wear properties of potassium titanate whisker (K₂Ti₄O₉ whisker, K₂Ti₆O₁₃ whisker), TiO₂ whisker and TiO₂ particle filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites under dry friction conditions were studied. Meanwhile the influence of filler content, sliding duration, test speed and load were also investigated. Experimental results show that the friction coefficients of various PTFE-based composites are weakly dependent on filler shape but they are more strongly dependent on filler crystal structure. However, for improving the anti-wear property of PTFE, filler crystal structure has less importance than filler shape in the wear-reducing action of PTFE-based composites, and whisker-like filler is better than particle-like filler.     

Tribological properties of metal-plastic multilayer composites under oil lubricated conditions

Three kinds of metal-plastic multilayer composites, which were composed of a steel backing, a middle layer of sintered porous bronze and a surface layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled by Pb or Cu₂O powders, were prepared. The friction and wear properties as well as the limiting pressure times velocity (PV) values of these metal-plastic multilayer composites sliding against 45 carbon steel under both dry and oil lubricated conditions were evaluated on a MPV-1500 friction tester with a steel axis rotating on a journal bearing. The worn surfaces of these metal-plastic multilayer composites and the transfer films formed on the surface of steel axis were examined by electron probe microscopy analysis (EPMA). Experimental results show that filling of Pb to PTFE reduces the friction coefficient and wear of the composite, while filling of Cu₂O to PTFE increases the friction coefficient but decreases the wear of the composite. The friction and wear properties as well as the limiting PV values of these metal-plastic multilayer composites can be greatly improved with the oil lubrication. EPMA investigations show that Pb and Cu₂O fillers preferentially transfer onto the surfaces of steel axis, which may enhance or deteriorate the adhesion between transfer films and steel surfaces. Meanwhile the transfer of these metal-plastic multilayer composites onto the steel surface can be greatly reduced with oil lubrication, which results in the remarkable decrease of the wear of these metal-plastic multilayer composites.     

聚四氟乙烯基超声电机转子摩擦材料性能研究

制备聚苯酯、碳化硅微粉及玻璃纤维填充聚四氟乙烯基超声电机转子摩擦材料,研究填充剂对复合材料力学、摩擦学性能及超声电机机械特性的影响。结果表明:POB、玻璃纤维、碳化硅微粉均能提高PTFE复合材料的硬度、弹性模量和耐磨性。在本文研究的范围内,质量分数20%玻璃纤维填充的聚四氟乙烯复合材料具有较低的摩擦因数和磨损率,使用该复合材料时超声电机具有较低的堵转力矩和较高的空载转速,且运行稳定,噪声较低。     

Friction and Wear Behavior of CF/PTFE Composites Lubricated by Choline Chloride Ionic Liquids

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as lubricants has received increasing attention in recent years. The use of ILs, however, is limited by the corrosion problem and their potential toxic property. Here we present the results of our initial study on the tribological properties of carbon fiber (CF)-filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites, which have an excellent chemical resistance property, lubricated by choline chloride ILs. The difference between choline chloride ILs and water and hydraulic oil as lubricants was studied at the same time, as was the effect of the anion on the lubricating property of choline chloride ILs. The worn surface and transfer film of CF/PTFE composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Our results indicate that the lubricating property of choline chloride ILs is much better than that of water and hydraulic oil. The friction coefficient and wear rate of CF/PTFE composites lubricated with ILs were approximately 60 and 50 % lower than those under the dry friction condition. Among the three kinds of ILs tested, the best tribological properties of the CF/PTFE composites were found for those sliding in the mixture of 1,2-propanediol and choline chloride. The worn surface and transfer film of CF/PTFE composites were also much smoother than those under the dry friction, water lubrication, and hydraulic oil lubrication conditions.     

Friction and wear properties of metal powder filled PTFE composites under oil lubricated conditions

Four kinds of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based composite, pure PTFE, PTFE+30vol.%Cu, PTFE+30vol.%Pb and PTFE+30vol.%Ni composite, were prepared. The friction and wear properties of these metal powder filled PTFE composites sliding against GCr15 bearing steel under both dry and lubricated conditions were studied using an MHK-500 ring-block wear tester. The worn surfaces of the PTFE composites and the transfer films formed on the surface of GCr15 bearing steel were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy respectively. Experimental results show that the friction and wear properties of the PTFE composites can be greatly improved by liquid paraffin lubrication. The wear of these PTFE composites can be decreased by at least 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared with that under dry friction conditions, while the friction coefficients can be decreased by 1 order of magnitude, SEM and optical microscopy investigations of the rubbing surfaces show that metal fillers of Cu, Pb and Ni not only raise the load carrying capacity of the PTFE composites, but also promote transfer of the PTFE composites onto the counterfaces, so they greatly reduce the wear of the PTFE composites. However, the transfer of these PTFE composites onto the counterfaces can be greatly reduced by liquid paraffin lubrication, but transfer still takes place.