产品并行设计的多目标模糊决策

在描述并行设计多目标模糊关系的基础上，提出一种产品设计的多目标模糊决策模型。作用应用，研究了某型号自动步枪并行设计的多目标模糊决策。     

Concurrent tolerance design for manufacture and assembly with a game theoretic approach

This paper proposes a game theoretic approach for concurrent tolerance design considering the practical manufacturing process and assembly process, to achieve lower manufacturing cost and good product assemblability. The optimization objectives and constraints for concurrent tolerance design for manufacture and assembly are discussed, and the key technologies for concurrent tolerance design with game theory are investigated, including the strategy set division, payoff calculation, and Nash equilibrium evolution. An optimization algorithm is proposed to achieve concurrent tolerance design with a game theoretic approach, and the genetic algorithm is used to conclude the Nash equilibrium of the game for manufacture and assembly. Finally, a case study is given to verify the proposed approach.     

Vehicle conceptual assembly variation analysis system

Assembly success requires an integrated view of assembly sequence, joint configuration, and tolerance fields setting. As a result of incompleteness and uncertainty of design information, it needs to introduce qualitative analysis and reasoning into quantitative methods to help and instruct designers in the project conceptual design stage. A proposed framework for vehicle conceptual assembly design system is presented in the paper. The heuristic algorithm is improved to increase efficiency such as uncertainty presentation in qualitative analysis, fuzzy inferring, and qualitative reasoning of uncertainty knowledge. Some continuous improvement in knowledge-based system is used to help assembly solution generation and greatly increase analysis efficiency. Practical application is broadened to perfect the quantitative and qualitative simulation program. The research will help to construct the big and uniform platform of vehicle body digital concurrent design.     

并行设计中任务调度问题的研究

为了对产品并行开发过程进行合理规划,针对并行设计中任务调度的特点,综合考虑并行设计所涉及的企业运作的具体因素和约束,以模糊集理论为基础,给出了一种建立并行设计过程模糊设计结构矩阵的方法,提出了基于“任务影响度”的耦合任务集内任务执行调度算法。综合考虑并行设计中子任务和团队内成员的各种动态、模糊和非量化因素,建立了子任务和团队内成员之间的平衡矩阵,并利用匈牙利算法和遗传算法,按不同情况给出了子任务到团队内成员的分配方法。     

并行公差设计与工艺路线技术经济评价方法

在界定并行公差设计概念的基础上,首次系统地给出了以总加工成本最小为目标函数、以装配功能要求、加工方法选择、加工余量公差、经济加工精度范围等为约束条件的优化数学模型,该模型能够对工艺路线进行一定程度地定量技术经济指标评价;论证了该模型是个非凸规划问题;最后给出了并行公差设计的一个仿真实例.     

A Robust Tolerance Design Method Based on Fuzzy Quality Loss

The traditional tolerance design model ignores the impact of noise factor, so that the design may be infeasible due to variations in design constraints. Based on the analysis of fuzzy factors in tolerance design and the limitations of the traditional Taguchi squared quality loss function, a fuzzy quality loss function model utilizing fuzzy theory was introduced. Concepts on fuzzy quality loss and fuzzy quality loss cost were proposed in the model. The characteristics of the new model and the advantages over the traditional Taguchi quality loss function were analyzed. A robust tolerance design model using a fuzzy quality loss function was proposed. An example was given to illustrate the proposed model. Results and comparisons show that the method is suitable and reliable, and makes the conclusions more objective and reasonable. This work was translated from the Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2004, 38(5) (in Chinese) This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 50275136) and the National Key Laboratory Project (no. 51489020104JW0401)     

一种设计和工序公差计算机辅助并行设计方法的研究

提出一种计算机辅助设计公差和工序公差并行设计的数学模型，以成本公差函数作为目标函数，以装配功能要求、加工方法、加工余量、工序制造公差范围作为约束条件，并用蒙特卡洛法模拟尺寸装配、模拟退火算法用于优化求解，实现了设计公差和工序公差并行设计，缩短了设计周期。     

基于资金时间价值的并行公差优化设计

总结了经典的成本公差模型,基于资金的时间价值原理对经典成本公差模型进行优化,提出了多种优化后的成本公差模型计算方法。利用优化后的成本公差模型,将制造成本、质量损失成本同时考虑到并行公差设计的目标函数中,实现了并行公差的优化设计。通过工程实例证明了所提方法的有效性,结果表明,优化后的成本公差模型更贴近实际,计算得到的总成本更为合理,有效地反应了物价上涨、通货膨胀、资金的时间价值等现实因素。     

现代设计方法在工业洗衣机模糊控制系统中的应用

这里以工业洗衣机模糊控制系统的研制为实例，分析了现代设计方法中的几种主要方法如创新设计、并行设计、虚拟设计、智能设计、可靠性设计、安全设计等在工业洗衣机模糊控制系统研制中的应用及作用。采用现代设计方法设计的工业洗衣机模糊控制系统各项性能均达到设计要求，超过国家相关标准。     

Dimensional and geometrical tolerance balancing in concurrent design

In conventional design, tolerancing is divided into two separated sequential stages, i.e., product tolerancing and process tolerancing. In product tolerancing stage, the assembly functional tolerances are allocated to BP component tolerances. In the process tolerancing stage, the obtained BP tolerances are further allocated to the process tolerances in terms of the given process planning. As a result, tolerance design often results in conflict and redesign. An optimal design methodology for both dimensional and geometrical tolerances (DGTs) is presented and validated in a concurrent design environment. We directly allocate the required functional assembly DGTs to the pertinent process DGTs by using the given process planning of the related components. Geometrical tolerances are treated as the equivalent bilateral dimensional tolerances or the additional tolerance constraints according to their functional roles and engineering semantics in manufacturing. When the process sequences of the related components have been determined in the assembly structure design stage, we formulate the concurrent tolerance chains to express the relations between the assembly DGTs and the related component process DGTs by using the integrated tolerance charts. Concurrent tolerancing which simultaneously optimizes the process tolerance based on the constraints of concurrent DGTs and the process accuracy is implemented by a linear programming approach. In the optimization model the objective is to maximize the total weight process DGTs while weight factor is used to evaluate the different manufacturing costs between different means of manufacturing operations corresponding to the same tolerance value. Economical tolerance bounds of related operations are given as constraints. Finally, an example is included to demonstrate the proposed methodology.     

基于模糊概率设计的装配尺寸链公差分配

将模糊数学原理引入到装配尺寸链公差分配中 ,建立了装配尺寸链公差模糊可靠性分配数学模型 ,并通过实例加以说明 ,设计结果表明本文提出的公差分配方法比传统方法更科学、更准确     

产品概念结构设计中的公差进化模型和算法

在产品概念结构设计自动化技术基础上，研究了产品公差设计过程及其特点，提出了四层产品公差结构模型。应用局部公差分配模型与公差设计过程建立了全局公差优化理论模型，提出了以保证产品总精度需求为目标的概念结构设计阶段公差的同步设计算法。实例表明，提出的公差进化模型和算法，避免了人为建模工作，大大提高了公差设计效率和质量，为快速完成多方案的并行设计奠定了基础。     

动车组传动齿轮模糊稳健修形设计

考虑到齿轮的修形参数和性能参数受制造和使用过程中各影响因素的扰动影响,提出了一种基于改进容差模型和模糊理论的动车组传动齿轮稳健修形设计方法.确定了齿轮稳健修形设计中的可控因素与不可控因素,结合正交试验设计与Romax运动仿真获取试验样本点;利用多项式函数拟合传动误差峰峰值的响应面近似模型.在此基础上,引入模糊理论,基于...     

Fuzzy-small degrees of freedom representation of linear and angular variations in mechanical assemblies for tolerance analysis and allocation

Tolerances naturally generate an uncertain environment for design and manufacturing. In this paper, a novel fuzzy based tolerance representation approach for modeling the variations of geometric features due to dimensional tolerances is presented. The two concepts of fuzzy theory and small degrees of freedom are combined to introduce the fuzzy-small degrees of freedom model (F-SDOF). This model is suitable for tolerance analysis of mechanical assemblies with linear and angular tolerances. Based on the fuzzy concept, a new index (called the assemblability index) is introduced which signifies the fitting quality of parts in the assembly. Graphical and numerical representations of tolerance allocation by this method are presented. The goal of tolerance allocation is to adjust the tolerances assigned at the design stage so as to meet a functional requirement at the assembly stage. The presented method is compatible with the current dimensioning and tolerancing standards. The application of the proposed methodology is illustrated through presenting an example problem.     

用于并行工程的模糊设计折衷方法

并行工程要求设计人员在产品的设计决策阶段就考虑产品的整个生命周期内的全部问题。本文基于模糊集合原理，提出了一个支持并行工程实践的模糊设计折衷方法。文中给出了实现该方法的主要步骤和数学评判模型。     

车身并行设计过程建模及优化研究

车身设计过程是一项复杂的系统工程,是多种知识的有效集成和耦合。文中针对并行设计的需求和车身设计的特点,提出了一种数字化车身设计流程图,应用有向图和模糊设计结构矩阵对该设计流程进行了信息建模和优化重组,重点探讨了模糊设计结构矩阵的优化重组算法。最后给出了体现并行设计思想的车身设计流程,为建立车身创新设计平台提供了有效的软件集成模式。     

浅述基于并行工程的产品可靠性设计

基于机械产品设计的基础上,结合并行工程原理、模糊理论、研究产品可靠性设计,并建立了反馈可靠性系统概念模型.     

基于工序加工能力的并行公差优化设计

提出一种基于工序加工能力的并行工序公差优化设计方法。在产品的初步结构设计阶段，通过相配零件的加工工艺规划把装配功能公差表示为零件的工序公差，建立以加权制造总成本最小为目标，以并行公差链、标准化的工序公差系数、机床最大经济极限公差为约束的非线性并行公差优化设计模型，求解该模型得到最佳的工序公差。最后给出了并行公差优化设计的一个工程实例，结果表明，所提的方法具有比传统串行等精度方法更合理、工序公差数值更大的优点。     

基于混合群集智能算法的并行公差优化设计

通过对并行公差优化设计的分析,将其视为一种混合变量组合优化问题.首先给出了并行公差优化设计的数学模型,然后将其映射为一类特殊的旅行商问题--顺序多路旅行商问题,从而降低了问题的求解难度.利用蚁群优化算法和粒子群优化算法,分别在求解离散和连续变量优化时的优势,提出了一种求解并行公差优化设计问题的混合群集智能算法.通过一个计算实例,将混合群集智能算法分别与遗传算法和模拟退火算法进行了比较,结果表明,前者具有更强的搜索能力和较高的效率.同时,混合群集智能算法也为求解一般意义的混合变量优化问题提供了借鉴和参考.     

CAD系统中并行公差的建模方法

提出一种基于产品设计与制造、支持公差工程语义和并行公差的几何公差计算机辅助建模表示新方法。在CAD系统中，进行装配公差和零件制造公差建模，利用特征的几何公差结构块，求出各种公差带的空间表示函数，计算有关公差带在三维空间中相应自由度的允许变动量，为公差分析和综合提供实用的模型。用工程实例验证了所提出的方法。