10/100 Base-T以太网物理层的硬件验证

以10/100 Base-T以太网物理层的设计为基础,分别介绍了系统级芯片数字部分的硬件加速仿真,及借助FPGA实现数模混合验证的方法,并得出了两种验证方法的对比。最后,给出了10/100 Base-T以太网物理层芯片的流片结果。测试表明,整个系统的性能达到了设计要求。     

一个面积和功耗优化且适用于10/100 Base-T以太网的CMOS时钟恢复电路

提出了一个新的用于10/100 Base-T以太网中面积和功耗优化的时钟恢复电路.它采用双环路的结构,加快了锁相环路的捕获和跟踪速度;采用复用的方式,通过选择信号控制电路可分别在10Mbps或100Mbps模式下独立工作且能方便地实现模式间的互换,与采用两个独立的CDR电路相比节省了一半的面积;同时,电路中采用一般的延迟单元来取代DLL,并能保证环路性能不随工艺温度等条件引起的延迟单元、延迟时间的变化而变化,从而节省了功耗.Hspice模拟结果显示,在Vdd=2.5V时,100Mbps模式下电路的功耗约为75mW,稳态相差为0.3ns;10Mbps模式时电路功耗为58mW,稳态相差为0.9ns.     

一个面积和功耗优化且适用于10/100 Base-T以太网的CMOS时钟恢复电路

提出了一个新的用于10 / 10 0 Base- T以太网中面积和功耗优化的时钟恢复电路.它采用双环路的结构,加快了锁相环路的捕获和跟踪速度;采用复用的方式,通过选择信号控制电路可分别在10 Mbps或10 0 Mbps模式下独立工作且能方便地实现模式间的互换,与采用两个独立的CDR电路相比节省了一半的面积;同时,电路中采用一般的延迟单元来取代DL L,并能保证环路性能不随工艺温度等条件引起的延迟单元、延迟时间的变化而变化,从而节省了功耗.Hspice模拟结果显示,在Vdd=2 .5 V时,10 0 Mbps模式下电路的功耗约为75 m W,稳态相差为0 .3 ns;10 Mbps模式时电路功耗为5 8m W     

100Base-T/IEEE 802.12/packet switching

Three LAN technologies look set to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for LAN bandwidth. Two of these technologies are 100 Mb/s shared-medium LANs: 100Base-T (aka IEEE 802.3 Fast Ethernet) and IEEE 802.12 (aka 100VG-AnyLAN or 100VG). The third technology is packet switching, which is really an extension of existing LAN bridge technology, but offers excellent performance gains at very low cost. The authors describe the three technologies and provide a comparison between the two 100 Mb/s LANs. Also presented are results that compare the measured performance of 100 Mb/s shared-medium LANs with switched LANs     

一种基于10Base-T标准接口放大电路的设计

介绍了基于10Base-T标准接口放大电路的设计.描述了传输信号和设计电路的特性以及整体电路的结构,分别阐述了各个模块的电路设计,其中详细阐述了放大和整形电路的设计.最后给出了整体版图后仿真的结果.     

Performance evaluation of FDDI under asymmetric traffic conditions

FDDI is a proposed standard for optical fibre LANs. A simulation model is used to examine the performance of the FDDI protocol under asymmetric traffic conditions. The relationship between the average token rotation time and the relative stability of the network is also presented.<>     

Performance evaluation of broadband connections and services undervarying traffic loads

The authors present ongoing work in the RACE R1056 project which is related to the integration and verification part of the RACE programme. The project goal is to establish a basic business integrated broadband communications demonstrator in an evolutionary hybrid network environment. The demonstrator configuration consists of a switching node, a customer access network and a customer premises network; its physical implementation is described. Some key business services which are to be demonstrated together with the supporting user terminals are presented. Test objectives cover verification of the hardware performance, interface compatibility and verification of a new transfer mode technique: ATM (asynchronous transfer mode). Verification activity covers the network performance (verification of end-to-end connections and measurements of key parameters). Evaluation activities cover network performance and its relationship to the quality of service perceived by a user     

10Base-T以太网数据到G.703 E1的转换

1引言G.703E1接口是邮电通信部门、军队系统、电力系统、铁路系统的传输网络中最常用的接口标准，每个传输网络无论是SDH、PDH、光端机、DDN、微波还是卫星，几乎都提供G.703E1接口。因此每个通信网络机房均有G.703E1接口，对该网络接口的利用、调用最为方便。现有的许多应用都建立在G.703E1的传输网络上，如分组网、DDN、帧中继网、Internet、GSM的移动机站等。个人计算机的迅速普及促使Internet爆炸性的发展，目前Internet的接入方式多种多样，有拨号方式、专线方式。其中以G.703E1作为传输链路，将邮电、电力等本系统的用户…     

VDSL与ADSL、以太网的比较

宽带接入网络是近年来各运营商投资建设的重点，主要接入手段有以太网接入、ADSL和VDSL等技术，各运营商根据其网络特点进行了大量的实验。这几种宽带接入技术有什么区别，哪种更适合我国的国情，其应用前景如何，这些正是电信运营商和制造商目前最关心的问题。最近传统铜线上的VDSL接入方式因其接入速率大幅度提高而备受业界关注，通过对VDSL技术原理和实现方式的分析，我们认为，VDSL（EVDSL－基于以太网的VDSL）是远程以太网技术，而不是ADSL的升级版本。VDSL（Very high speed DigitalSubscriber Line）90年代中期开始…     

Performance evaluation of legacy QCN for multicast and multiple unicast traffic transmission

A multicast congestion control scheme is an interesting feature to control group communication applications such as teleconferencing tools and information dissemination services. This paper addresses a comparison between multiple unicast and multicast traffic congestion control for Carrier Ethernet. In this work, we proposed to study the quantized congestion notification (QCN), which is a layer 2 congestion control scheme, in the case of multicast traffic and multiple unicast traffic. Indeed, the QCN has recently been standardized as the IEEE 802.1Qau Ethernet Congestion Notification standard. This scheme is evaluated through simulation experiments, which are implemented by the OMNeT++ framework. This paper evaluates the reaction point start time congestion detection, feedback rate, loss rate, stability, fairness and scalability performance of the QCN for multicast traffic transmission and multiple unicast traffic transmission. This paper also draws a parallel between QCN for multicast traffic transmission and that for multiple unicast traffic transmission. Despite the benefit of integrating the multicast traffic, results show that performance could degrade when the network scales up. The evaluation results also show that it is probable that the feedback implosion problem caused by the bottlenecks could be solved if we choose to set the queue parameter Qeq threshold value at a high value, 75% of the queue capacity for instance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance evaluation of an adaptive-rate MPEG encoder matching IntServ traffic constraints

Promoting the evolution of the Internet from a simple data network to a true multiservice network constitutes a challenging task. To this end, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has set up the Integrated Services (IntServ) and Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Working Groups, with the goal of defining a next-generation Internet, in which traditional best-effort datagram delivery and additional enhanced quality of service delivery classes coexist. The IntServ framework, in particular, is designed to be used in the access network, and requires a traffic source with the capability of matching the traffic characteristics declared to the network, TSpec. We propose to use the rate control facility, usually implemented in current MPEG encoders to provide a constant bit rate, to shape the output traffic according to the declared TSpec while maintaining an acceptable perceived image quality. In order to assess this scenario, we introduce an SBBP/D/N/K queueing system, where the SBBP (switched batch Bernoulli process) emission is varied according to the quantizer scale parameter chosen by the addressed rate control mechanism. The analytical framework allows us: 1) to evaluate system performance in terms of both the marking probability of nonconforming output traffic and the quantization distortion introduced by the encoder; 2) to choose the TSpec parameters to be declared such that given performance parameters are respected.     

Performance evaluation of a C-RAN supporting a mixture of random and quasi-random traffic

Wireless Networks - In this paper we consider a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) where the remote radio heads (RRHs) are separated from the baseband signal processing servers, named baseband...     

Performance evaluation of multiple input-queued ATM switches withPIM scheduling under bursty traffic

In this letter, we analyze the performance of multiple input-queued asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switches that use parallel iterative matching (PIM) for scheduling the transmission of head-of-line cells in the input queues. A queueing model of the switch is developed under independently, identically distributed, two-state Markov modulated Bernoulli processes bursty traffic. The underlying Markov chain of the queueing model is a quasi-birth-death (QBD) chain. The QBD chain is solved using an iterative computing method. Interesting performance metrics of the ATM switch such as the throughput, the mean cell delay, and the cell loss probability can be derived from the model. Numerical results from both the analytical model and simulation are presented, and the accuracy of the analysis is briefly discussed     

Performance evaluation of the RQMA-CDMA scheme for multimedia traffic with QoS guarantees

The rapid growth of cellular mobile technology in recent years, coupled with the explosive growth of the Internet, has significantly increased the demand for wireless data services. Traffic on mobile devices is expected to be a mix of real-time traffic such as video, voice, and data, with users requiring diverse quality of service (QoS) guarantees for different types of traffic (video, voice and data). One of the primary challenges of providing QoS is how to prioritize and allocate network resources among contending applications. In order to achieve these goals, a scheduling scheme that can provide equitable and effective packet routing is required. This paper proposes a scheduling scheme called remote queuing multiple access-code division multiple access (RQMA-CDMA), whose purpose is to equitably assign bandwidth resources with QoS guarantees to different mobile devices. RQMA-CDMA is a rate scheduling scheme that can be used to assign bandwidth resources in conjunction with GPS (generalized processor sharing). Additionally, we analyze an admission control that is based on signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) for multimedia traffic. Finally, the performance of RQMA-CDMA is evaluated and compared to schemes based on CDMA-GPS according to dropped packets, delay, and throughput.     

Performance evaluation of LEO satellite constellations with inter-satellite links under self-similar and Poisson traffic

A real-time simulation study for the evaluation of traffic flow in low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, used for the interconnection of high-speed networks, is presented in this paper. The proposed model simulates the traffic process end to end at the packet level, supporting successfully the implementation of self-similar traffic sources, a modelling approach that has been considered more realistic than the well-known Poisson, for real-time communications. An in-depth study for the establishment of inter-satellite links (ISLs) and the design of the terrestrial and space segments is presented and the performance of the integrated system is evaluated in terms of delay and throughput parameters. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A layer 2 multipath solution and its performance evaluation for Data Center Ethernets

Data Center Ethernet is likely to be deployed as the communication infrastructure for future data centers, which carries multiple types of traffic with very different characteristics and handling requirements. Conventional Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) cannot meet the requirement of a Data Center Ethernet framework because of its poor bandwidth utilization and lack of multipathing capability. In this paper, we propose a layer 2 multipathing solution, namely optimized dynamic load‐balancing multipathing (ODLBMP), to be deployed in Data Center Ethernet. Our proposed method utilizes all available links and ports for frame delivery and can split traffic of a communication pair along multiple paths. In ODLBMP, the traffic loads of all paths are continuously monitored so that traffic assigned to each path can be dynamically adjusted to avoid path/link over‐utilization. Per‐flow forwarding is observed in ODLBMP to guarantee the in‐order delivery, which is important for most storage traffic. In addition, ODLBMP finely differentiates flows from application perspective so it has more flexibility in traffic splitting and route selection, and achieves better multipath load balancing. Computer simulations show that our proposed algorithm performs better than other compared algorithms, including STP, Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links, and DLBMP, in all simulation scenarios in terms of frame delivery ratio and network throughput. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance evaluation of the MAC protocol in IEEE 802.16 systems with data and VoiP traffic scheduling

In the last few years, the metropolitan area networks (MAN) have increased their popularity and attracted the interest of the most important research groups all over the world. Among several standards, IEEE 802.16 has taken a relevant role providing high data rate in a big covering range with low implementation costs and multi‐traffic communications. The IEEE 802.16 networks can have a pre‐defined structure, with a central base station (BS) covering a cell in which a variable number of subscriber stations (SSs) can work. This paper deals with the proposal of a quality of service (QoS) driven scheduling algorithm to be used in an IEEE 802.16 network where different traffic types coexist. In particular, the paper mainly focuses on best effort data and VoIP communications, by proposing a scheduling technique that allows an efficient resource management of both traffic types by considering their specific QoS flavor. The performance evaluation has been carried out by considering both the phases of contention and packet scheduling, by means of a theoretical approach and computer simulations. Numerical results show the performance of the proposed algorithm by focusing on a scenario where the BS schedules the best effort and VoIP traffics of several SSs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance evaluation of baseband OOK for wireless indoor infraredLAN's operating at 100 Mb/s

We investigate 100 Mb/s wireless nondirectional infrared communication in the indoor environment using baseband nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) on-off keying (OOK) modulation. We show that intersymbol interference induced by multipath propagation impairs detection efficiency. Analytical and simulation results on specific channels demonstrate that an adaptive decision-feedback equalizer adapted according to the least-mean-squares algorithm recovers most of the performance degradation. We also evaluate the performance of a timing-recovery phase-locked loop operating independent of the adaptive equalizer; showing that it quickly and accurately determines the sampling phase with negligible performance degradation. We discuss effective methods of mitigating low-frequency noise induced by fluorescent lighting. We present a packet-based communication method and describe its features and performance. Our results support the feasibility of communication at 100 Mb/s over the infrared channel     

Performance of ATM traffic in optical CDMA

An ATM transit switch is proposed based on direct sequence optical code division multiple access technique. No buffering is necessary to facilitate the switching. Code conversion is used instead to emulate the switching function. The switch not only provides asynchronous access to the users but also has a limited capability of dynamic bandwidth allocation. It is free from timing jitters and switching delay is significantly reduced. A look‐up table is employed in the switching and updated through network management functions. The switch provides a new approach to asynchronous cross‐connection in the ATM core network. The performance of the new switch is evaluated by a set of prime codes and modified prime codes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.