除尘装置的设计

除尘装置的设计捕集浮游在气体中微粒子的装置，通常使用离心力集尘形式的旋风除尘器和滤布集尘形式的袋滤器。１．旋风除尘器旋风除尘器是利用离心力的除尘装置，因构造简单，没有可动部件，性能稳定，而广泛使用。标准形状和尺寸如图１所示。含微细粒子的气流从矩形断面...     

袋式除尘器传统结构设计方法的改进

<正>近年来,袋式除尘技术有了长足的进步,主机、滤料、自动控制和应用技术的水平都有很大提高,使得袋式除尘器对于烟气的高温、高湿、高浓度、微细粉尘、吸湿性粉尘、易燃易爆粉尘等不利工况条件有了更强的适     

锅炉麻石水膜除尘器改造

麻石水膜除尘器是一种应用广泛的湿式除尘器，主要用于工业锅炉和发电锅炉的烟气除尘，在烟气净化中发挥着非常重要的作用，具有结构简单、占地小、造价低、安装维护管理方便和除尘效率高（一般可达90％以上）的特点，并能适应较高温度和湿度的烟气及粘性大的粉尘，不但工作可靠、阻力稳定，可有效地将微细粉尘从烟气中除去，而且只需对除尘净化工艺稍加改造和完善，还可有效地脱除二氧化硫等有害气体，有利于减少二氧化硫对大气环境的污染。     

浅析干混站环保除尘设备选型

干混站工作过程中产生粉尘废气,出于环保要求和节能考虑,需设计除尘系统。除尘系统包括复合式除尘器、多种阀门、输气管线和引风机等部分。干混站工作时,罐排气和装车废气通过管道输送进入除尘器,在离心力和重力的作用下,大颗粒灰尘落到除尘罐底部,含有小颗粒粉尘的气体则经过布袋,被阻挡和吸附在袋子的内表面,经布袋过滤后的洁净气体则通过布袋逸出,达到除尘目的。     

新型干法水泥窑窑尾袋除尘器的设计要点

1 概述 静电除尘器和袋除尘器一直是工业生产中普遍采用的两种高效除尘装置.在大风量、高温、高湿的工况场合,静电除尘器曾经还占领着主导地位.随着国家对水泥工业的环保要求越来越严,尤其是水泥工业新的排放标准的贯彻实施,静电除尘器要达到新排放标准的要求,必须解决微细粉尘的捕集.就目前的静电除尘技术,只有采用增加电场数量,延长含尘气流在静电除尘器中的停留时间来达到这一目的.     

窑尾电袋复合式除尘器的开发

电袋复合式除尘技术工作原理是在电除尘器和袋式除尘器工作原理基础上,有机结合两者除尘优点,前级电场预收烟气中70%～80%以上的粉尘量;后级袋式除尘装置拦截收集烟气中剩余量的粉尘。其中,前级电场的除尘作用和荷电作用为提高电袋复合式除尘器的性能起到了重要作用。结构示意见图1。     

传统电除尘器到袋收尘器的升级改造

1前言 自从工业化以来,静电除尘器和袋除尘器一直是工业生产工程中普遍采用的两种高效除尘装置。在大风量,高温,高湿的工况场合,静电除尘器曾经占领着主导地位。在新的排放标准实施之前,水泥行业中的窑头篦冷机废气处理和窑尾废气处理90％已上均采用静电除尘器。随着国家对水泥工业的环保要求越来越严,尤其是水泥工业新的排放标准的贯彻实施。静电除尘器要达到新排放标准的要求,必须解决微细粉尘的捕集。     

反吹风玻纤袋式除尘工艺净化水泥立窑粉尘实践与探讨

立窑水泥在中国依然占据半壁江山,其粉尘污染严重,超标排放的现象很普遍,除尘设计不合理是其中的关键因素.水泥立窑粉尘浓度波动大、粒度小,除尘难度大,旋风除尘器等无法达标,静电除尘投资较大,运行维护繁琐.反吹风玻纤袋式除尘工艺是有别于目前流行的长袋低压脉冲袋式除尘器,采用其对水泥立窑进行除尘,投资相肘较小,除尘效果良好,运行稳定,操作方便.     

旋流式除尘器的设计(上)——从发展到实际应用

在此介绍的旋流式除尘器,其除尘效率很高,对6微米粒子为100%;2微米粒子为94%。含尘气流高速旋转时所产生的离心力,加上二次空气的势流,就是这种除尘器所以能够显著提高除尘效率的主要原因。此外,在运行过程中,粉尘不与器壁相接触,因此看不到象普通旋风除尘器的那种器壁磨损现象。     

双排气管旋风除尘器的研制与应用

０引言多年来，我国研究人员对旋风除尘器的结构以及其内部气流运行状态与固体颗粒的运行规律作了细致的研究 ,研制出许多性能良好的旋风除尘器（例如 ,ＣＬＴ型、ＸＬＰ型、ＣＬＫ型等），虽然除尘器的压力损失有所降低 ,但是由于对其结构本身没有作较大的改进 ,故除尘器压力损失的降低还不够理想。因为旋风筒下部的涡旋所引起的紊流 ,使已被分离出的粉尘颗粒返流回内筒的气体中 ,导致除尘效率不高。１理论分析由旋风除尘器的筛分理论 ,我们知道 ,由旋涡流场产生的离心力Ｆ和由汇流场产生的向心力Ｐ ,大小相等 ,方向相反 ,此时的尘粒交界面…     

超细二氧化钛的离心分离实验研究

对超细二氧化钛(锐钛型)和去离子水体系的水分散度以及离心分离性能进行了实验研究,讨论了实验结果与传统离心分离理论的差别.在此基础上,认为产生这种差别的原因是超细二氧化钛在离心力场中发生了团聚,从而使得原始粒径较小的超细颗粒在小于极限粒径时仍然能够进行分离.提出极限浓度的概念,指出当残液浓度低于该浓度时,颗粒发生团聚较为缓慢,难以形成较大颗粒团聚体从而使得分离终止.     

Direct measurement of aerosol glass fiber alignment in a DC electric field

We report non-conducting aerosol fiber (i.e., glass fiber) alignment in a DC electric field. Direct observation of fiber orientation state is demonstrated and quantitative analysis of fiber alignment is made using phase contrast microscopy in four different conditions: (i) dry air and naturally charged fibers, (ii) humid and naturally charged, (iii) humid and neutralized (Boltzmann charge distribution), and (iv) humid and neutralized with an electrostatic precipitator upstream electrodes (i.e., non-charged). The glass fiber aerosols generated by a vortex shaking method were conditioned using a Po-210 neutralizer or humidifier and were provided into a test unit where cylindrical or parallel plate electrodes are used and high voltage is applied to them. Fibers were collected on a filter immediately downstream from the electrodes and their images were taken through an optical microscope to visualize the fiber orientation and measure the alignment angles and lengths of the fibers. The results showed that under all four conditions tested, airborne glass fibers could be aligned to the electric field with different alignment quality, indicating that the glass fibers can be polarized in a steady electric field. In humid air, the fiber alignment along the field direction was observed to be much better and the number of uniform background particles (i.e., randomly oriented fibers) in angular distributions is smaller than that in dry air. Also, it was found that charged fibers in humid air could be better aligned with negligible uniform background than neutralized and non-charged fibers. Possible mechanisms about humidity and charge effects on enhanced fiber alignment are discussed to support the observations. The results indicate that the enhancement of alignment in an electric field would be possible in humid air for other non-conducting fibrous particles having surface chemistry similar to glass fibers.     

锅炉烟气脱硫除尘现状及IDEMAX脱硫工艺技术改造可行性研究

在研究比较各类脱硫工艺的基础上,针对抚顺石化公司洗化厂锅炉燃煤含硫低的实际情况,为实现二氧化硫和粉尘排放的全面达标为目标,以轻烧镁作为吸收剂吸收SO2为技术核心,提出除尘脱硫-体化改造方案,在原有水膜除尘器基础上增设SO2吸收塔,实现脱硫除尘.     

催化裂化装置烟机结垢:催化剂在全周期循环过程中的性质变化

烟气轮机是催化裂化装置的关键设备,烟机结垢是影响装置长周期运行的关键因素。烟机结垢是多方面因素综合作用的结果,与装置的操作条件和催化性质剂密切相关。针对催化裂化装置烟机结垢,分析了催化剂在全周期循环过程中的性质变化。在催化裂化过程中,催化剂粒径显著减小,进入烟机的催化剂粉尘是导致烟机结垢的直接原因,沉积在催化剂表面的金属元素为催化装置烟机结垢提供了物质基础,进入烟气轮机中的催化剂粉尘经过水蒸气、高温烧结等作用,使催化剂粉尘在烟气轮机中的粘连,并不断沉积,最终结垢。     

A comparative simulation study of power generation plants involving chemical looping combustion systems

This work presents a simulation study on both energy and economics of power generation plants with inherent CO₂ capture based on chemical looping combustion technologies. Combustion systems considered include a conventional chemical looping system and two extended three-reactor alternatives (exCLC and CLC3) for simultaneous hydrogen production. The power generation cycles include a combined cycle with steam injected gas turbines, a humid air turbine cycle and a simple steam cycle. Two oxygen carriers are considered in our study, iron and nickel. We further analyze the effect of the pressure reaction and the turbine inlet temperature on the plant efficiency. Results show that plant efficiencies as high as 54% are achieved by the chemical looping based systems with competitive costs. That value is well above the efficiency of 46% obtained by a conventional natural gas combined cycle system under the same conditions and simulation assumptions.     

高温高压下饱和湿空气焓与湿度的预测

引　言湿空气是水与空气的混合体系 ,广泛存在于常温常压下的增湿减湿过程中 .通常认为它是由Ｈ2 Ｏ ,Ｎ2 ,Ｏ2 组成的三元体系 .近年来 ,增湿减湿过程开始在湿空气透平循环中得到应用 .湿空气透平 (ＨｕｍｉｄＡｉｒＴｕｒｂｉｎｅ ,ＨＡＴ)循环又称为蒸发气体透平 (ＥｖａｐｏｒａｔｉｖｅＧａｓＴｕｒｂｉｎｅ ,ＥｖＧＴ)循环 ,是在普通气体透平循环的基础上通过饱和塔将水蒸气加入到作为循环工质的干空气中 ,以提高热效率和功输出 .世界上首例ＥｖＧＴ循环系统于 1998年在瑞典投入运行 ,效率可由燃汽轮机 (干空气循环 )的 2 0 %提高到33…     

NUMERICAL STUDY OF CLASSIFICATION OF ULTRAFINE PARTICLES IN A GAS-SOLID FIELD OF ELBOW-JET CLASSIFIER

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is applied to develop a novel submicron air classifier. Based on various sizes and positions of the inner structure of the elbow-jet classifier, its two-dimensional airflow field has been simulated by the Fluent software. For this typical cross-flow field, the standard k ? ? turbulence model is applied. The Coanda effect plays a paramount role in separating ultrafine particles in the high-speed flow field of the elbow-jet classifier. The factors that influence the performance of the Coanda block, i.e., a quarter-cylinder centered in the classifier, are analyzed and discussed. The trajectories of moving particles with different diameters in the channels and chamber of the classifier have been calculated through the velocity field obtained from the CFD simulation. The cut sizes of three products from three outlets of the classifier are obtained based on the calculations of the trajectories of particles and are compared with corresponding experimental results. The ground and classified experiments have been studied simultaneously where the product outlet of a vortex jet mill is used as the feed in an elbow-jet classifier. The combination of the vortex jet mill with the external classifier provides an alternative to grinding equipment for multiple-size products of fine/medium/coarse powder. A centrifugal channel is added between the vortex jet mill and elbow-jet classifier to improve the performance of the air classifier. Both numerical and experimental results show that the pre-distributed feed particles at the exit of the centrifugal channel have a considerable effect on the separation of fine powder and a lesser effect on the separation of coarse powder.     

高温高压下湿空气循环中增湿塔的计算研究

Humidification is an important step in humid air turbine system. The calculation on humidification is carried out at 423.15—573.15K, 5—15MPa. The results suggest that to produce high-enthalpy moist air, high water temperature and large water flow are needed. The water temperature is the most sensitive parameter to the humidification tower. And it is better for the humidification tower to work at temperature higher than 523 K when the system pressure is higher than 5 MPa. The comparison between the model used in this paper and ideal model shows that the ideal model can be used in simulation to simply the calculation when the temperature is lower than 473 K and pressure is lower than 5 MPa.     

空气压缩机组系统技术改造

神马集团尼龙6，6盐公司硝酸装置空气压缩机组主要有离心式空气压缩机、电机、变速机、透乎机四部分组成。在98年投料试车以来曾出现过透平机漏油、轴振动高报等现象。后来对该机组系统进行技术改造，机组运行正常，保证了硝酸装置的稳定运行。     

球磨法制备超细镍粉及其表征

为了获得在自然条件下稳定存在的超细镍粉,通过控制行星式高能球磨机的转速、研磨时间、磨球数、运转时间、暂停间隔、转动方向等参数对镍粉进行了研磨实验,并对不同参数下的研磨结果进行了测试表征。结果表明,在转速260 r/min、研磨时间19 h、运行时间3 min、暂停时间30 s、磨球数为10个、原料5 g且晴朗天气下实验,可以制备出亚微米级超细镍粉,并在空气中稳定存在。