活性炭精脱硫剂的开发及应用

介绍了活性炭精脱硫剂的开发、性能及工业应用情况。结果表明：Ｔ１０１、Ｔ１０２、Ｔ１０３系列活性炭精脱硫剂，由于添加了催化Ｈ２Ｓ及ＣＯＳ反应的特种活性物质，与普通活性炭相比具有脱硫精度高，反应速度快，硫容量大，可脱部分有机硫等特点；ＥＺＸ精脱硫剂解决了常温含饱和水蒸汽的气体中ＣＯＳ脱除和常温ＣＳ２脱除两大国际难题；根据Ｈ２Ｓ、ＣＯＳ、ＣＳ２含量的多少，Ｔ１０１、Ｔ１０２、Ｔ１０３系列活性炭可单独使用     

HC—2微量硫分析仪的应用小结

ＨＣ－Ｃ微量硫分析仪对各种形态硫（Ｈ２Ｓ,ＣＯＳ,ＣＳ２,ＲＳＨ,ＲＳＳＲ,ＳＯ２等硫化物）能作定性和定量的检测。其灵敏度高,快速简便,易于操作。在化肥行业中通过对微量硫的分析,可以搞清联醇催化剂,氨合成催化剂中毒的原因,并选择合适的常温精脱硫新工艺,及时掌握精脱硫运行情况和预测精脱硫剂的使用时间等,以达到合理更换脱硫剂的目的。     

高浓度CO2气体的干法脱硫

目前国内用于高浓度ＣＯ２气体脱硫的方法很多,一般根据ＣＯ２的来源、杂质成分、处理量、Ｈ２Ｓ含量及使用要求进行选择。从经济方面考虑,当ＣＯ２气体中Ｈ２Ｓ浓度较高时,一般采用湿法脱硫,当气体中的Ｈ２Ｓ浓度较低时,一般采用干法脱硫。干法脱硫剂的种类根据其脱硫的精度分为普通脱硫剂和精脱硫剂,工业上较多使用的有高纯度氧化锌脱硫剂、氧化锌＋氧化锰脱硫剂、活性氧化铁脱硫剂、活性炭脱硫剂、浸渍型高精度活性炭脱硫剂。根据鲁南化肥厂第一氮肥厂尿素车间ＣＯ２原料气脱硫所使用的几种固体脱硫剂的情况,对高浓度ＣＯ２气体干…     

复合金属氧化物脱硫剂还原法再生机理

利用热天平测试了ＣＯ、Ｈ２还原饱和脱硫剂微孔内Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３的起始反应温度及还原速率，用Ｘ射线衍射法分析了反应中间产物及最终产物．实验结果表明，脱硫剂还原法再生的反应温度较传统热分解法低约２００℃，ＣＯ作再生脱硫剂的还原气体优于Ｈ２，ＣＯ还原脱硫剂内Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３的反应级数为０．８７，活化能为１４２．９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ．     

专利产品 国际首创 国内领先

●ＪＴＬ－１（夹心饼）、ＪＴＬ－４、ＪＴＬ－５常温精脱硫新工艺（总硫＜０１ｐｐｍ）,单塔甲醇催化剂寿命已从２～４个月延长到２年以上（山东郯城、云南滇中等化肥厂）,取得重大突破！氨合成催化剂寿命可延长到３年（高硫煤）与５～８年（低硫煤）●Ｔ５０４（原ＥＨ－１Ｑ）有机硫水解催化剂　国内最先工业应用●Ｔ１０１、Ｔ１０２（原ＥＡＣ－２）活性炭精脱硫剂　出口Ｈ２Ｓ、ＣＯＳ、ＣＳ２、ＳＯ２均＜００３ｐｐｍ●ＥＡＣ－２活性炭精脱硫剂　近年来小氮肥中上了新台阶的技术●ＥＡＣ－３食品级ＣＯ２专用精脱硫剂●ＥＡ…     

常温精脱硫工艺的新进展及其应用

本文叙述了由Ｔ５０４水解催化剂下串Ｔ１０１精脱硫剂（特种活性炭）与由ＥＺＸ多功能脱硫剂单独组成的常温精脱硫新工艺，新工艺可将气体中的总硫（ＣＯＳ＋Ｈ２Ｓ）脱除至〈０．０６ｐｐｍ，它们已在保护甲醇，甲烷化，氨合成催化剂，贵金属催化剂，特种吸附剂与食品ＣＯ２气体中等５０多家中，小化肥厂使用，取得了显著的效果。     

尾部烟气增湿活化脱硫原理性研究

论述应用大速差射流的尾部烟气脱硫增湿活化原理怀试验台架及其系统，试验结果及分析，在尾部烟气中ＳＯ２气体直接与固相脱硫剂（ＣａＯ粉及Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２粉）反应能力很弱；ＳＯ２气体直接与水滴反应生成Ｈ２ＳＯ３的能力也能弱，它受到ＳＯ２气体在水中溶解能力的限制；增湿活化的机理在于水滴与脱硫剂粒子碰撞后在其表面生在液态Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２离子膜，由它与ＳＯ２气体反应脱硫。因此，良好的活化反应器必须具有良好的水滴与脱     

H2S在颗粒脱硫剂上反应的动力学性能

以自制含３０％Ｋ２ＣＯ３的固体脱硫剂在２０℃常压下分离Ｎ２－Ｈ２Ｓ气体混合物,Ｈ２Ｓ与柱形颗粒固体中的Ｋ２ＣＯ３反应的动力学性能。在灰层扩散控制区,由核收缩模型得到的方程：Ｋｔ＝（１－ｘ）ｌｎ（１－ｘ）＋ｘ能很好地描述实验数据,并由此得到了Ｈ２Ｓ的颗粒灰层内的有效扩散系数。发现在低浓度条件下,Ｈ２Ｓ在灰层内的有效扩散系数与其浓度无关。     

常温精脱硫新工艺生产试验总结

介绍了北京化工实验厂开发的常温精脱硫新工艺，及在该厂常压变换系统联醇装置中对此工艺进行的生产试验考核情况（采用Ｔ５０４型ＣＯＳ水解催化剂和ＱＴＳ－０１型ＺｎＯ脱硫剂）。结果表明，净化气中ＣＯＳ和Ｈ２Ｓ含量均达到精脱硫要求，联醇催化剂使用寿命延长，能耗低，操作简便，运行稳定。建议该成果在联醇生产及其它行业推广。     

T_（504）型常温COS水解催化剂的研制

采用浸渍法制备了Ｔ５０４型常温ＣＯＳ水解催化剂，研究了其性能。结果表明：在常温（３０℃）下，该催化剂上ＣＯＳ转化率已高达９９．９％，过多的水汽或ＣＯ２、Ｈ２Ｓ等酸性气体均使催化剂活性降低；在有Ｏ２存在时，反应温度提高，催化剂中毒速度加快。增加反应压力，减小催化制粒度及气氛中少量的ＮＨ３均使ＣＯＳ转化率提高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。