板栗壳天然染料对真丝织物染色性能的影响

将板栗壳天然染料在真丝织物上进行染色试验.选择染色温度、染料用量、染浴pH值进行正交试验,以明矾作媒染剂,讨论了媒染方法及媒染工艺.结果表明,板栗壳染料对真丝织物的优化染色工艺为:染色温度95℃、染料用量0.8 X,pH值3.4;明矾后媒染工艺:直接染色后,放入明矾媒染剂1.33 g/L、45℃媒染30min;明矾预媒染染色工艺:明矾媒染剂5%(owf),80℃媒染30 min,浴比1:30,然后95℃染色,染料用量为X,pH值3.4,NaCI 20 g/L.经几种工艺染色的真丝织物均具有较好的染色牢度,其中以后媒染工艺最好.     

紫背天葵色素的稳定性及其对羊毛织物染色性能的研究

从天然植物紫背天葵中提取色素,并对该色素在不同条件下的稳定性进行分析。将该色素上染羊毛织物,探讨不同染色方法和媒染剂对染色效果的影响,通过单因素优化、正交试验确定媒染染色的最佳工艺条件,测试了染色织物色度指标及牢度。结果表明:紫背天葵色素在酸性条件下表现出比较稳定的红色调,具有良好的耐热稳定性,对常见金属离子Fe~(2+)、Cu~(2+)等比较敏感。紫背天葵色素适于采用铝盐后媒染染色方法染羊毛织物。铝盐后媒染染色的最佳工艺条件为:媒染剂用量7%(owf),染液质量浓度40g/L,染色温度70℃,pH值4。媒染剂可以较大程度提升染色织物的色光。被染织物表现出良好的染色深度、色相和牢度。     

绢丝灯芯绒的茜素染色工艺

以硫酸铁、明矾为媒染剂,采用茜素对绢丝灯芯绒进行后媒法染色,探讨染液pH值、媒染剂用量和媒染时间等因素对染色效果的影响,得到的优化染色工艺为:硫酸铁媒染剂用量10.0 g/L,pH值6~7,媒染时间20~25 m in;或明矾用量10.0 g/L,pH值2~3,媒染时间15 m in左右,染色织物的各项色牢度良好。     

蚕丝的黑曲霉孢子粉媒染染色

采用黑曲霉孢子粉对蚕丝织物染色,探讨了染液p H值、染色时间、媒染剂质量浓度和孢子粉质量浓度对染色效果的影响。结果表明:黑曲霉孢子粉4 g/L,媒染剂混合稀土0.4 g/L,p H值6.5,染色时间24 h的条件下,染色织物可获得较深的颜色和良好的色牢度。     

紫甘蓝色素提取及其对真丝的染色性能

采用超声波辅助,通过单因素试验和正交试验,探究提取剂、料液比、温度、时间、p H值对色素提取的影响,确定最大吸收波长为540 nm。最佳提取工艺为:在250 W超声波功率下,以75%的乙醇为提取剂,料液比1∶8,p H值为1,80℃提取70 min。通过直接染色和媒染试验确定最佳染色方式为:以MgCl_2为媒染剂,采用预媒染染色法,媒染剂质量浓度5 g/L,浴比1∶40,70℃下浸染80 min。染色样品色牢度高,且色素能与织物纤维紧密结合。此外,紫甘蓝色素能在不同的p H值下表现出不同的色相,成功染出多种颜色的织物,尤其是红黄蓝三原色。     

茜草对丝棉织物着色性能的测试及应用

本文主要探讨了茜草染料对丝棉织物的媒染染色工艺,探讨了相关染色工艺参数,确定染色的媒染方式及媒染剂,在大多数情况下采用同浴媒染可获得较好的染色效果.染色工艺为∶浴比为1∶50时,染料用量为1g/L,媒染剂2.5g/L,pH值为5,媒染剂2.5g/L,染色温度为80℃,染色时间为30min时该天然染料对丝棉织物染色性能的...     

真丝绸的天然茶多酚染整加工

研究了茶多酚(TP-95)在真丝上的染色性能,分别采用媒染剂硫酸亚铁和硫酸铜同浴法与茶多酚络合,通过正交试验确定媒染剂用量、染色温度、染色时间和pH值的茶多酚染色优化工艺,对染色织物牢度等性能进行测试。结果表明,采用媒染剂能显著提高茶多酚的上染性能,硫酸亚铜的效果优于硫酸亚铁;在铜离子质量浓度为2 g/L、TP-95用量5%(omf)、pH值6.4和90℃条件下浸染90 min,可达到较高的K/S值;染色后真丝织物牢度性能优异,且具有良好的抗紫外效果。     

茜草对亚麻织物染色的研究

采用药用植物茜草的提取液对亚麻织物进行染色,讨论了不同温度、时间、pH值等单因素对上染率的影响,确定了最佳染色条件.并以氯化亚锡为媒染剂进行染色方法和媒染条件的探讨,确定出茜草染亚麻织物的最佳媒染方法和媒染工艺,并对不同媒染剂染色后的结果进行了测定,比较了不同媒染剂的染色效果.结果表明亚麻织物在pH值为9,温度100℃,时间30 min,浴比1:50的工艺条件下染色效果较好,用后媒法染色后,织物的各项色牢度均在3级以上,具有一定的使用价值.     

环保媒染剂在茜草与回收茜草染色桑蚕丝织物上的应用

针对茜草染料资源供应问题与金属媒染剂所造成的污染,采用茜草以及对使用过的茜草染料进行回收作为染料,4种环保媒染剂和2种金属媒染剂以3种不同的媒染方式对桑蚕丝织物进行染色,并与染料直接染色织物的染色性能进行对比,来探讨不同的媒染方式与媒染剂对茜草染色桑蚕丝织物的染色性能的影响以及回收茜草染料染色的可行性.实验结果表明:染色桑蚕丝织物在不同的媒染方式与媒染剂下,其颜色特征值不同,呈现出多种色调.相对于直接染色织物,媒染过后的桑蚕丝织物的染色性能得以提高,环保媒染剂在提高染色桑蚕丝织物的K/S值方面高于金属媒染剂;回收茜草染色桑蚕丝织物的K/S值高于茜草染色桑蚕丝织物,前者的K/S值最高可达12.08;媒染后,二者的耐摩擦色牢度、耐汗渍和耐皂洗沾色牢度可到达4～5级或5级.     

板栗壳天然染料对亚麻织物的染色性能

采用板栗壳天然染料对亚麻织物进行染色,用单因素和正交实验研究染色温度、染液用量、pH等对织物K/S值的影响,优化染色工艺。结果表明,直接染色优化工艺:95℃,染液用量X,NaCl 32 g/L,pH 8;明矾后媒染工艺:45℃,媒染剂用量0.4 g/L,30 min;明矾预媒染工艺:75℃,染液用量X,pH 7,NaCl 40 g/L,媒染剂用量5%(omf)。几种工艺染色的亚麻织物均具有较好的色牢度,后媒染效果最好。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press