前处理对甲壳素棉织物甲壳素含量的影响

采用日本甲壳胺百科书中的甲壳胺定量法测定并分析了不同氧漂工艺处方对甲壳素棉(6.5:93.5)混纺织物中甲壳素含量的影响,并通过大车试生产进行实践.结果表明,甲壳素棉混纺纬编织物采用非烧碱快速氧漂助剂+双氧水的氧漂工艺较传统的氢氧化钠+双氧水氧漂工艺对织物中甲壳素的失重率要小,仅为1.35%～6.96%.完全符合客户的要求.并得出最佳工艺处方:双氧水用量为5 mL/L,快速氧漂助剂BLG用量为3 g/L,浴比1:10.     

维纶基牛奶纤维漂白工艺研究

探讨了维纶基牛奶纤维针织物的漂白工艺,以织物白度和顶破强力为评价指标,优化了双氧水(H2O2)和二氧化硫脲(TD)漂白的工艺.研究结果表明:H2O2:漂白工艺为H2O2(30%)25 g,L、60 min、80℃;TD复漂工艺为:TD 2 g/L、60 min、80℃,漂白后织物白度显著提高;经H2O2漂白、TD复漂后染色织物的K/S值增加,皂洗牢度、日晒牢度均达到服用要求.     

大豆蛋白织物漂白工艺研究

探讨了一步法和两步法漂白工艺对大豆蛋白织物的漂白效果.在一步法漂白工艺中,探讨了氧化剂过氧乙酸及双氧水在大豆蛋白织物漂白工艺中的应用.通过对温度、氧化剂用量、时间等的分析,得出其对漂白效果的影响规律,并通过正交试验选出较佳漂白工艺.在两步法漂白工艺中,优选出适合大豆蛋白织物的较佳漂白方法:先用双氧水漂白(双氧水10 g/L,硅酸钠2 g/L,45 min,80℃),然后用过氧乙酸漂白(过氧乙酸8 g/L,pH值为6,60 min,70℃),在此工艺条件下,可以得到较好的漂白效果,白度为61.16.     

珍珠纳米颗粒/粘胶共混纤维织物的双氧水漂白工艺研究

研究了双氧水漂白珍珠纳米颗粒/粘胶共混纤维织物(简称珍珠纤维织物)的工艺,分析了漂白液的pH值、温度、时间、双氧水用量、稳定剂硅酸钠用量对珍珠纤维织物白度和顶破强力的影响,并通过正交试验确定了双氧水漂白珍珠纤维织物的优化条件:H2O2(100%)8 g/L,硅酸钠1 g/L,80℃处理40 min,漂液pH值为11.漂白后织物白度提高55.24%,但强力下降12.9%.     

低温助漂剂在棉双氧水漂白中的应用

比较了两种低温助漂剂SQA和LTB-01应用于棉织物漂白时,温度、助漂剂、双氧水和纯碱质量浓度对织物性能的影响。采用单因素试验方法,确定了两类低温助漂剂漂白优化工艺为:精练酶2.1 g/L,助漂剂0.6 g/L,双氧水(30%)11 g/L,纯碱0.5 g/L,80℃处理60 min。该工艺在保证棉织物白度的前提下,减少了纤维损伤,降低了能耗。     

壳聚糖纤维混纺织物前处理工艺研究

莫代尔、棉、壳聚糖纤维混纺织物前处理时,为确保织物纤维中壳聚糖含量损失最少,对其精练过程中的温度、pH值、精练剂以及氧漂过程中双氧水浓度、双氧水稳定剂浓度进行了因素分析,通过检测织物中壳聚糖含量、织物的胀破强力以及织物表面含杂的情况,确定了壳聚糖纤维混纺织物前处理的最佳工艺:精练时,温度95℃,精练剂选用THR-203,用量1.5 g/L,氢氧化钠0.6 g/L(调节pH值至11.5);氧漂时,精练剂THR-203用量1.2 g/L、氢氧化钠1.5 g/L,双氧水3 g/L,双氧水稳定剂WP-1用量为3 g/L。经最佳精练工艺和最佳氧漂工艺条件处理织物后,织物的强力可满足服用要求,壳聚糖含量损失较少,布面杂质少,达到了染色半制品的要求。     

大麻/黄麻交织物的焦磷酸钠与复合酶联合处理工艺

针对当前大麻/黄麻交织物粗糙刚硬,刺痒感明显及碱煮氯漂过程污染环境等问题,采用焦磷酸钠和复合酶(漆酶/酸性木聚糖酶复配)联合工艺对大麻/黄麻交织物进行处理,以织物质量减少率、织物断裂强力(经向)、弯曲长度、芯吸高度为指标进行单因子和正交优化试验,并进行了方差分析。得出最佳处理工艺方案:焦磷酸钠质量浓度为9 g/L,处理时间为90 min,处理温度为80 ℃,漆酶质量浓度为7.5 g/L,酸性木聚糖酶质量浓度为6.0 g/L,处理时间90 min,处理液pH值5.0。此时织物质量减少率为18.26%,织物断裂强力(经向)为780 N,织物弯曲长度较未经处理下降了24.82%,芯吸高度提高了46.4%,该工艺可达到碱煮氯漂(或碱氧一浴)效果,生态环保。     

纯棉织物H2 O2/LOA-1低温氧漂前处理

研究H₂O₂/LOA-1低温氧漂活化体系在纯棉织物冷轧堆前处理的应用,结果表明,纯棉织物在烧碱55g/L、SA-23长车单体10g/L、LOA-1低温氧漂助剂10g/L、726-100%铁离子螯合分散剂0.5g/L和27.5%双氧水20.5g/L的工作液中室温堆置10h,90℃水洗处理,织物的白度达到78.6%,瞬时毛效<5s,30min毛效>8cm,强力损伤和织物质量损失均比常规退煮漂工艺低很多,可满足后续印染加工的要求。     

大麻织物有机硅柔软整理及染色性能研究

针对大麻纤维木质素含量高、表面粗糙、手感硬挺等缺点,采用4种不同类型有机硅3种整理工序对大麻织物进行处理,并采用正交设计法对环氧有机硅整理工艺进行优化分析,给出了大麻织物环氧有机硅最佳整理工艺配方.结果表明,先染色再有机硅整理,大麻织物色牢度好、染色均匀,织物柔软性能提高.有机硅含量对K/S值影响显著,焙烘时间次之,焙烘温度和浸渍时间影响最小.有机硅最佳整理工艺为:有机硅30 g/L,渗透剂JFC2 g/L,常温浸渍5 min,100 ℃预烘3 min,150 ℃焙烘3 min.     

壳聚糖-柠檬酸处理大麻织物的染色性能

针对大麻纤维木质素含量高而难染深色的缺点,使用不同脱乙酰度和分子质量的壳聚糖与柠檬酸对大麻织物进行处理,再分别以活性、还原和直接染料进行染色.采用单因素方法,获得的较佳处理工艺为:柠檬酸14%,壳聚糖1.4%,次亚磷酸钠7%,三乙醇胺2.5%,渗透剂JFC 0.2%,95℃预烘150 s,180℃焙烘60 s.结果表明,织物处理后再染色的K/S值有较大幅度提高,耐摩擦和刷洗色牢度有明显改善.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press