基于酶/NOBS体系棉织物低温漂白工艺研究

通过对漂白活化剂壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠(NOBS)在高碱性纤维素酶辅助预处理条件下漂白效果的研究,获得较为绿色、环保的酶-NOBS体系低温漂白工艺。以织物白度为指标,考察了高碱性纤维素酶浓度、耐高温渗透剂JFC-M浓度、预处理时间、预处理温度、NaOH浓度、H_2O_2浓度、活化剂NOBS浓度、漂白时间、漂白温度9个变量,得到最佳漂白工艺:在纤维素酶浓度7.0 g/L,NaOH浓度1.5 g/L,耐高温渗透剂JFC-M浓度为0.5 g/L,预处理温度40℃条件下,预处理棉织物10 min后,在80℃条件下,按6.0 g/L加入双氧水,漂白15 min后,再加入1.0 g/L NOBS,继续漂白30 min,棉织物白度为78.75%。与常规低温漂白工艺相比,棉织物的强力损伤小,K/S值和上染百分率均提高。     

棉针织物的铁配合物低温催化漂白

以4,4′-二甲基-2,2′-联吡啶(L)及其氮氧化物(LNO)为配体,分别与铁盐反应,合成铁配合物FeL及FeLNO;采用红外光谱仪、核磁共振波谱仪和元素分析仪,对所合成的两个铁配合物结构进行分析,并将两个配合物应用于双氧水低温浸渍漂白棉针织物中。探讨了稳定剂浓度、双氧水浓度、pH值、温度、配合物浓度和漂白时间对漂白效果的影响。配合物FeLNO的优化漂白工艺为:稳定剂PBTCA 1 g/L,pH值为10.5,温度为65℃,时间为105 min,30%H2O2质量浓度为10 g/L,配合物浓度为12.5μmol/L,精练剂ZJ-CH60 1 g/L,浴比为1∶20。配合物FeL漂白优化工艺条件为:稳定剂PBTCA 1.5 g/L,pH值为11,温度为80℃,时间为90 min,30%H2O2质量浓度为10 g/L,配合物浓度为17.5μmol/L,精练剂ZJ-CH60 1 g/L,浴比为1∶20。从漂白效果来看,配合物FeLNO要优于配合物FeL。配合物FeLNO工艺漂白的织物白度达到73.5%,同样条件下未加入配合物漂白的织物白度仅为61.47%,说明配合物具有较好的低温催化漂白作用。     

活化剂DM-1430在羊毛/亚麻混纺纱漂白中的应用

研究了活化剂DM-1430在羊毛/亚麻混纺纱漂白中的应用工艺。探讨了温度、pH值、时间、活化剂用量、漂白剂用量对纱线性能的影响,并通过正交试验确定了氧漂活化剂应用于羊毛/亚麻混纺纱漂白的优化工艺,即H2O2(30%)质量浓度5 g/L,活化剂DM-1430质量浓度1 g/L,精练剂DM-1335质量浓度2 g/L,温度70℃,时间85 min,pH值为7。测试结果表明,氧漂活化剂的应用工艺处理条件温和,能降低漂白温度,减少纤维损伤,利于环保,漂白效果理想,具有可行性。     

亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的过氧乙酸漂白工艺

利用生态漂白剂过氧乙酸对亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的漂白工艺进行了探讨.在过氧乙酸质量浓度、漂白温度、漂白液pH值、漂白时间、稳定剂用量等因素影响混纺纱漂白效果的基础上,利用正交试验确定了过氧乙酸漂白亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的优化工艺,即过氧乙酸质量浓度8g/L,焦磷酸钠质量浓度1.5 g/L,漂白液pH值6.5,温度75℃,时间80 min.性能测试结果表明,过氧乙酸漂白亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的工艺条件温和,对纤维损伤小,利于环保及后续加工,具有工艺可行性.     

活化剂在羊毛织物低温漂白中的应用

采用活化剂/H2O2体系对羊毛织物进行漂白。探讨了H2O2质量浓度、活化剂/H2O2质量比、pH值、温度、时间对羊毛织物漂白效果的影响。实验表明,在H2O2(30%)9 g/L,TAED/H2O2质量比0.5,pH值5～6,60℃,30 min的条件下漂白羊毛,可获得良好的漂白效果。还比较了四乙酰乙二胺(TAED)、四乙酰甘脲(TAGU)、五乙酰葡萄糖(PAG)3种活化剂在低温漂白羊毛工艺中对H2O2的活化效果,实验结果表明:TAGUTAEDPAG。     

灰羽绒的选择性氧化漂白技术研究

为了提高灰色羽绒的白度,增加其适用性,运用亚铁离子对灰羽绒预处理,再用H2O2漂白,并对灰羽绒的选择性氧化漂白工艺进行了系统研究。综合考虑漂白后羽绒的白度、蓬松度,经过单因素试验优化得出了灰羽绒选择性漂白的最佳工艺条件:预处理:Fe2+浓度15%(o.w.f.),次亚磷酸钠浓度30%(o.w.f.),pH值5,浴比1:80,50℃处理40min;清洗:清洗液为1g/L的次亚磷酸钠溶液,在55℃条件下清洗1次,再冷水清洗;漂白:30%H2O2浓度50mL/L～60mL/L,稳定剂焦磷酸钠3g/L,pH值8～8.5,浴比1:50,在60℃条件下漂白100min～120min。     

羊绒过碳酸钠漂白工艺研究

过碳酸钠是一种环保温和型漂白剂,当前在羊绒纤维漂白工艺尚未得到应用。文章通过漂白工艺的试验,探讨采用过碳酸钠对羊绒漂白的可行性。实验结果表明,优化工艺条件为:过碳酸钠质量浓度15 g/L,用NaOH调节pH值至8,TAED质量浓度1.5 g/L,氧漂稳定剂质量浓度2 g/L,漂白温度55℃,漂白时间40 min。与传统双氧水漂白工艺相比较,单纤维强力略高,可达到3.87 cN,白度值略低,但也达到80以上,漂白效果较好,为羊绒的染整企业漂白工艺改进提供了理论参考。     

无磷活化剂2103在羊毛漂白中的应用

为达到部分羊毛制品在加工过程中对白度的较高要求及解决羊毛制品储存过程中易产生黄变的问题,考虑到环保政策对化学试剂的使用限制,实验通过研究新型无磷活化剂2103在羊毛漂白工艺中的应用,探讨了活化剂2103用量、双氧水用量、漂白温度、漂白时间以及pH值对羊毛白度及其力学性能的影响。实验表明:羊毛漂白的最优工艺条件为双氧水体积浓度l5 mL/L,活化剂2103质量浓度2 g/L,漂白温度70℃,漂白时间40 min,pH值6,浴比1∶40;最优工艺条件下羊毛白度为61.084%,白度增长率为25.16%,断裂强度为3.00 cN/dtex,强降率为7.69%;在此基础上加入羊毛保护剂,羊毛白度可以达到64.545%。     

棉织物双氧水/乙酰胍低温活化漂白

采用双氧水/乙酰胍(ACG)活化体系替代传统工艺对棉织物进行漂白.通过考察活化剂种类、ACG的用量、漂白温度和时间,以及漂白pH值对漂白效果的影响,并与双氧水、双氧水/TAED漂白体系进行比较.结果显示,在30%双氧水3 g/L、ACG用量1.6 g/L、pH值约为8和温度60℃的条件下处理60 min,可获得很好的漂白效果.     

纯棉纱布的生物酶一浴两步法煮漂

采用精练酶JLC和活化剂等对纯棉纱布进行一浴两步法煮漂前处理,以处理后纱布的白度、润湿性和断裂强力为评价指标,探究精练酶质量浓度、精练时间、精练温度、pH值、双氧水质量浓度、漂白温度、漂白时间对织物整理效果的影响。优化的煮漂工艺为:第一步,加入精练酶JLC 14 g/L,pH值8,65℃精练40 min;第二步,加入双氧水16 g/L,80℃漂白70 min,添加6 g/L四乙酰乙二胺(TAED),整理后纱布的白度为78.1,且对纱布强力基本没有影响;添加8 g/L乙酰基胍,整理后纱布白度为78.2;添加4 g/L氧漂促进剂得到的纱布白度为77.5。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.