胶原和水解胶原蛋白的结构、性能和功效研究及应用前景

胶原蛋白是一类在所有哺乳动物中都存在的纤维状、大分子蛋白质,普遍分布于细胞外基质(ECM)中。它是动物体内细胞间隙中最重要,也是含量最多、最丰富的蛋白质,起着支撑器官保护机体的功能。胶原蛋白所持有的许多优良特性使其在各领域中的应用具有极大的潜质。水解胶原蛋白由于交联结构的解体和分子量大大降低使其溶解性和口服吸收利用率大大的提高。此外,胶原多肽还可以促进食品中的其它蛋白质的吸收。本综述对胶原及水解胶原蛋白的组成、结构、功效、应用和开发前景进行了研究和探讨。     

Trypsin Induced Degradation of Amyloid Fibrils

Proteolytic enzymes are known to be involved in the formation and degradation of various monomeric proteins, but the effect of proteases on the ordered protein aggregates, amyloid fibrils, which are considered to be extremely stable, remains poorly understood. In this work we study resistance to proteolytic degradation of lysozyme amyloid fibrils with two different types of morphology and beta-2-microglobulun amyloids. We showed that the proteolytic enzyme of the pancreas, trypsin, induced degradation of amyloid fibrils, and the mechanism of this process was qualitatively the same for all investigated amyloids. At the same time, we found a dependence of efficiency and rate of fibril degradation on the structure of the amyloid-forming protein as well as on the morphology and clustering of amyloid fibrils. It was assumed that the discovered relationship between fibrils structure and the efficiency of their degradation by trypsin can become the basis of a new express method for the analysis of amyloids polymorphism. Unexpectedly lower resistance of both types of lysozyme amyloids to trypsin exposure compared to the native monomeric protein (which is not susceptible to hydrolysis) was attributed to the higher availability of cleavage sites in studied fibrils. Another intriguing result of the work is that the cytotoxicity of amyloids treated with trypsin was not only failing to decline, but even increasing in the case of beta-2-microglobulin fibrils.     

胶原的热收缩性质

<正> 目录一、绪言二、胶原的热收缩1.胶原的变性与收缩2.收缩的动力学3.收缩的热力学4.鱼鳍胶原的热收缩5.鱼(硬骨鱼)皮胶原的收缩6.哺乳动物皮胶原的收缩7.收缩反应的若干方面三、在热收缩中断裂的键的性质四、介质对胶原收缩的影响1.非电解质的影响2.电解质的影响五、鞣剂对胶原收缩的影响六、鞣剂-胶原的交联对收缩温度的影响1.总述2.球状蛋白质间的交联3.空间条件一、绪言在制胶工业中,主要以动物的皮或骨作原料生产明胶,现在发展到用鞣制过的皮料制胶等.提胶的过程就是热解旋溶解的过程,那么前处理使皮胶原或骨胶原的     

城市燃气调度管理系统的特点及其作用

随着时代的不断发展和现代化的推进,城市燃气调度管理系统的改进和创新是时代所需,能够保证人民群众对于燃气的正常需求量,随着城市燃气调度管理系统的不断发展和深入改革,提高了企业的项目业绩和经济效益。由于城市燃气行业不断发展和广泛应用,所以燃气用户不断的增加,加大了燃气企业的工作压力和工作力度,所以要加大对于城市燃气调度管理系统的应用,进而相关企业根据城市燃气调控管理系统的特点和性能,对燃气调控进行管理。针对城市燃气调度管理系统的特点及应用进行分析和研究。     

Formation of Apoptosis-Inducing Amyloid Fibrils by Tryptophan

Many major degenerative disorders are associated with the formation of amyloid fibrils by proteins and peptides. Recent studies have extended the repertoire of amyloidogenic building blocks to non-proteinaceous entities, including amino acids and nucleobases. Here, based on the high propensity of tryptophan-containing proteins and peptides to form amyloid fibrils, we explored the self-assembly profile of this amino acid. We discovered that tryptophan forms fibrillary assemblies with a diameter of 15–75 nm. These fibrils bind the thioflavin T amyloid-specific dye and show a typical spectrum of amyloid proteins upon binding. Furthermore, the assemblies show significant cytotoxicity triggered by an apoptosis mechanism, similar to that known for amyloids. As a control, the non-amyloidogenic amino acid alanine was used under the same conditions and did not show any toxicity. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to explore the possible growth mechanism, molecular organization, and stability of tryptophan amyloidal fibrils. Taken together, we provide further extension to the amyloid hypothesis and additional indication for a knwon mechanism of toxicity for both amyloid-associated and metabolic disorders.     

胶原蛋白改性聚乙烯的研究

用聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐（PE-g-MAH）做增容剂,提高胶原蛋白和聚乙烯的相容性,制备胶原蛋白改性聚乙烯的复合材料。探讨了PE-g-MAH的增容机理、材料的制备工艺对材料性能的影响。复合材料通过红外、TGA、DSC、SANS万能拉力试验等表征手段。     

胶原纤维接枝杨梅单宁负载纳米Ag的制备及其抗菌性能研究

以胶原纤维(CF)接枝杨梅单宁(BT)为载体,制备了一种新型纳米银(nAg)抗菌剂(CF-BTx-nAg).BT为一种天然的酚类化合物,将其接枝到胶原纤维上,可提高Ag的负载量、控制纳米Ag的粒径及分布.通过扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对该抗菌剂的物化性能进行表征,发现该抗菌剂具有规则的纤维结构,纳米Ag颗粒的平均粒径为3.25 nm且分散均匀.抗菌实验结果表明,不同BT接枝度的CF-BTx-nAg对大肠杆菌均具有较好的抑制能力,其中CF-BT0.2-nAg的抑制能力最强.当CF-BT0.2-nAg与～105cfu/mL的大肠杆菌菌悬液在310 K、150 r/min下连续培养(Ag质量浓度为8 mg/L),培养4 h后已检测不到活细菌的存在.CF-BT0.2-nAg对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌质量浓度(MIC)≤4mg Ag/L,且CF-BT0.2-nAg至少可重复使用5次,表现出优良的抗菌性能.     

胶原肠衣制造实例

胶原肠衣和薄膜的制造已在前文中作了初步的介绍。胶原用于肠衣和薄膜制作的关键是要将胶原原料猪皮所携带的大量脂肪脱除,才能制取优质的胶原膏体（胶原凝胶浆）,用于肠衣的成型。